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Effects of Biochar Particle Size on Methane Emissions from Rice Cultivation

Journal of Renewable Materials 2020年第10期8卷 1199-1214页

作者： Patikorn Sriphirom Amnat Chidthaisong kazuyuki yagi Nimaradee Boonapatcharoen Sudarut Tripetchkul Sirintornthep Towprayoon The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment King Mongkut’s University of Technology ThonburiBangkok10140Thailand Center of Excellence on Energy Technology and Environment PERDOMinistry of Higher EducationScienceResearch and InnovationBangkok10400Thailand Earth System Science Research Cluster King Mongkut’s University of Technology ThonburiBangkok10140Thailand Excellent Center of Waste Utilization and Management Pilot Plant Development and Training InstituteKing Mongkut’s University of Technology ThonburiBangkok10150Thailand School of Bioresources and Technology King Mongkut’s University of Technology ThonburiBangkok10150Thailand

Biochar amendment is generally recognized as an effective mitigation option of methane(CH_(4))emissions from rice *** its mitigation mechanisms are not well understood,the potential relevance of surface area and porosity of biochar has been *** study aimed to evaluate the application of different biochar particle sizes on CH_(4) production,oxidation,and emissions from rice cultivation in a clay loam soil,based on the assumption that porosity and surface area of biochar are directly related to its mitigation *** was grown under greenhouse conditions for two growing seasons,either with 0.5–2 mm(small,SB)or with 2–4 mm(large,LB)*** results show that both sizes of biochar increased soil pH and redox potential(Eh)during rice *** dissolved organic carbon(DOC),nitrate(NO^(−)_(3)),and sulfate(SO^(2−)_(4))also increased under both biochar amendments,but size effects were not *** and LB suppressed the abundance of CH_(4) producers(methanogens)but stimulated the abundance of CH_(4) consumers(methanotrophs).The increase of soil Eh and electron acceptors(NO^(−)_(3)and SO^(2−)_(4))indicated the increase in soil oxidation capacity is a barrier to CH_(4) production by methanogens in both biochar *** incubation experiments showed that CH_(4) production activity was significantly(p≤0.05)reduced by 18.5%using SB and by 11.3%using LB compared to the *** contrast,the stimulation of methanotrophs promoted greater CH_(4) oxidation activity by 15.0%in SB and 18.7%in LB compared to the *** shows that CH_(4) production was reduced more by larger surface area biochar(SB),while a greater increase in CH_(4) oxidation was found using larger pore volume biochar(LB).The effects on CH_(4) production were more pronounced than those on CH_(4) oxidation,resulting in a greater reduction of cumulative CH_(4) emissions by SB than LB(by 26.6%and 19.9%compared to control,respectively).

关键词： Biochar particle size CH_(4)production CH_(4)oxidation CH_(4)emission rice cultivation

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Challenges of reducing excess nitrogen in Japanese agroecosystems

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2005年第Z2期48卷 928-936页

作者： kazuyuki yagi Katsuyuki MINAMI National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences (NIAES) Tsukuba 305-8604 Japan

Fertilizer N use in Japan has decreased by about 30% from 1960 to 2000, while keeping a little increase in cereal yields. This has resulted in a significant increase in apparent nitrogen use efficiency, in particular for rice. On the other hand, national N load on the environment associated with the production and consumption of domestic and imported agricultural products has almost tripled during this period, mainly due to the dramatic increase of imports of food and feedstuffs. The environmental problems, including water and air pollution, caused by the excessive loads of N are serious public concerns and there is an urgent need to minimize N losses from agricultural production. In order to meet the necessity for reducing the environmental impacts by excess N, political and technological measures have been taken at regional and country levels. In recent years, the Japanese government has embarked on a series of policies to encourage transition to an environmentally conscious agriculture. Promoting proper material circulation with reducing fertilizer impact and utilizing biomass and livestock wastes is emphasized in these policies. The effectiveness of environmental assessment and planning for reducing regional and national N load has been discussed. Implementation of environmentally friendly technologies and management, both conventional and innovational, have been developed and adopted in Japanese agriculture. The effectiveness of conventional technologies in reducing environmental reactive N has been re-evaluated. Innovative technologies, such as use of controlled availability fertilizers and livestock wastes compost pellets, are being investigated and extended. A comprehensive approach that applies political and technological measures with closer cooperation is necessary to control reactive N in the environment.

关键词： nitrogen use efllciency nitrogen load environmental impacts nitrogen fertilizer Japan.

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Effects of Organic Manure Application with Chemical Fertilizers on Nutrient Absorption and Yield of Rice in Hunan of Southern China

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2008年第10期7卷 1245-1252页

作者： XU Ming-gang LI Dong-chu LI Ju-mei QIN Dao-zhu kazuyuki yagi Yasukazu Hosen Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Nutritional Cyclying Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R.China Crop Production and Environment Division Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences 1-1 Ohwashi Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8686 Japan

To evaluate the effect of organic manure application with chemical fertilizers on rice yield and soil fertility under long-term double-rice cropping system, a six year field experiment was conducted continually in the paddy soil derived from Quaternary red clay in Hunan Province of southern China. Four different treatments, i.e., no nitrogen with chemical P and K （PK）, swine manure only （M）, N, P and K chemical fertilizers only （NPK）, and half chemical fertilizers combined with half swine manure （NPKM） with four replications were included. Each N, P and K application rate was the same at all the treatments （except the N application rate at PK） and N application rate was 150 kg N ha^-1. All fertilizers were applied to soil tillage layer with once application as baseal fertilizers. The nutrients uptake rate, grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency, and soil organic matter content at each treatment were investigated. The NPKM treatment achieved the highest mean annual yield of 12.2 t ha^-1 （68% higher than that of PK）. Higher dry matter accumulation and nutrients absorption were observed during the middle-late growth period in the NPKM treatment, with higher panicle number per unit and filled-grain number per panicle. Its average nitrogen use efficiency was 36.3% and soil organic matter increased by 18.5% during the experimental period in the NPKM treatment, which were significantly higher than those in the NPK treatment. Organic manure application with chemical fertilizers increased the yield and nitrogen use efficiency of rice, reduced the risk of environmental pollution and improved soil fertility greatly. It could be a good practical technique that protects the environment and raises the rice yield in this region.

关键词： rice chemical fertilizer organic manure nutrient absorption yield

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Roles of Soil Science for Mitigating Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Agriculture in Monsoon Asia

Roles of Soil Science for Mitigating Greenhouse Gas Emission...

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中国土壤学会第十一届全国会员代表大会暨第七届海峡两岸土壤肥料学术交流研讨会

作者： kazuyuki yagi National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences TsukubaJapan

It is very likely that global warming is one of the most serious issues for the civilization in this centu- *** IPCC Forth Assessment Report (AR4) which was published last year identified anthropogenic warming of the climate system over the past 50 years due to the increased emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) and projected further warming during this century as well as many changes in the global climate

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施用有机物对水稻田甲烷排放的影响

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土壤学进展 1992年第6期20卷 25-29页

作者： kazuyuki yagi 杜道灯

在水稻整个生育期内,利用密闭箱法测定了日本四个不同地点稻田的甲烷排放量。观察结果表明甲烷通量季节性变化较大。甲烷排放与水稻田土壤氧化还原电位降低密切相关,排水落干和追施化肥能显著降低甲烷排放。甲烷排放量明显与土壤类型有... 详细信息

在水稻整个生育期内,利用密闭箱法测定了日本四个不同地点稻田的甲烷排放量。观察结果表明甲烷通量季节性变化较大。甲烷排放与水稻田土壤氧化还原电位降低密切相关,排水落干和追施化肥能显著降低甲烷排放。甲烷排放量明显与土壤类型有关,泥炭土稻田排放最高(在耕作期内甲烷排放量为44.8克/米~2),其次是潜育化土稻田(为8.0～27.0),浅暗色土稻田,甲烷排放量极低(为0.6～12.6)。以6～9吨/公顷的水稻秸杆施入稻田,甲烷排放量增加了1.8～3.5倍。施用堆肥甲烷排放量有少量增长。每个小区中甲烷的年排放量与淹水前采集的水田土壤易矿化碳(RMC)含量呈正相关,RMC是影响淹水土壤甲烷排放的主要因素之一。

关键词：稻田甲烷施肥有机肥料

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水稻土甲烷产生、氧化和排放过程的相互影响──以水分历史处理为例

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土壤 2006年第6期38卷 671-675页

作者：徐华蔡祖聪八木一行土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所) 南京210008 日本国立农业环境技术研究所

通过盆栽和培养试验研究了不同水分历史水稻土CH4产生、氧化及排放间的相互影响。水稻土CH4产生、氧化和排放皆受土壤水分历史条件的强烈影响,非水稻生长期土壤水分含量越高,随后水稻生长期CH4排放量越大,产生和氧化能力也越强。无论是... 详细信息

通过盆栽和培养试验研究了不同水分历史水稻土CH4产生、氧化及排放间的相互影响。水稻土CH4产生、氧化和排放皆受土壤水分历史条件的强烈影响,非水稻生长期土壤水分含量越高,随后水稻生长期CH4排放量越大,产生和氧化能力也越强。无论是水稻生长期平均值还是季节变化,CH4排放皆受CH4产生的显著影响。CH4产生量和排放量的相对差值很好地说明了各处理间土壤CH4氧化潜力的差异。水稻土CH4排放通量主要受CH4产生率,而不是CH4氧化潜力的影响,但CH4氧化能牵制CH4产生率对CH4排放通量的影响,水稻土这种自然调节CH4排放量的特性对减少稻田CH4排放具有重要的意义。

关键词：水稻土甲烷产生甲烷排放甲烷氧化水分历史

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焚烧麦杆对稻田CH4和N2O排放的影响

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中国环境科学 2008年第2期28卷 107-110页

作者：马静徐华蔡祖聪曹金留八木一行中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室江苏南京210008 中国科学院研究生院北京100049 江苏农林职业技术学院江苏句容212400 日本国立农业环境技术研究所日本筑波305

采用3种麦杆处理方式(不还田、均匀混施和原位焚烧)进行田间试验,观测稻田CH4和N2O的排放情况,以探讨原位焚烧麦杆对稻田CH4和N2O排放的影响.结果表明,与不还田处理相比,原位焚烧显著增加稻田CH4排放量,同时显著减少稻田N2O排放量;与均... 详细信息

采用3种麦杆处理方式(不还田、均匀混施和原位焚烧)进行田间试验,观测稻田CH4和N2O的排放情况,以探讨原位焚烧麦杆对稻田CH4和N2O排放的影响.结果表明,与不还田处理相比,原位焚烧显著增加稻田CH4排放量,同时显著减少稻田N2O排放量;与均匀混施处理相比,原位焚烧显著减少稻田CH4排放量,二者的N2O排放量无明显差异.

关键词： CH4 N2O 原位焚烧

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秸秆条带状覆盖对稻田CH4和N2O排放的影响

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土壤学报 2010年第1期47卷 84-89页

作者：马静徐华蔡祖聪八木一行土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所) 南京210008 日本国立农业环境技术研究所日本筑波305-8604 中国科学院研究生院北京100049

采用3种秸秆还田方式(对照、秸秆均匀混施和秸秆条带状覆盖)进行田间试验,观测稻田CH4和N2O的排放通量,以探讨秸秆条带状覆盖对稻田CH4和N2O排放的影响。结果表明:秸秆条带状覆盖的CH4排放量是对照的2.7倍,二者的N2O排放量无明显差异;... 详细信息

采用3种秸秆还田方式(对照、秸秆均匀混施和秸秆条带状覆盖)进行田间试验,观测稻田CH4和N2O的排放通量,以探讨秸秆条带状覆盖对稻田CH4和N2O排放的影响。结果表明:秸秆条带状覆盖的CH4排放量是对照的2.7倍,二者的N2O排放量无明显差异;秸秆条带状覆盖的稻田CH4排放量较秸秆均匀混施减少32%,其N2O排放量是后者的5.1倍;稻田排放CH4和N2O的全球增温潜势(GWP)为:秸秆均匀混施>秸秆条带状覆盖>对照,且差异显著;秸秆条带状覆盖的水稻产量分别较对照和秸秆均匀混施增加27%和17%。秸秆条带状覆盖是值得推荐的稻季秸秆还田方式。

关键词：秸秆条带状覆盖 CH4排放量 N2O排放量全球增温潜势水稻产量

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墒沟埋草对稻田CH4和N2O排放的影响

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生态与农村环境学报 2008年第4期24卷 27-31页

作者：马静徐华蔡祖聪曹金留八木一行土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室/中国科学院南京土壤研究所江苏南京210008 江苏农林职业技术学院江苏句容212400 日本国立农业环境技术研究所日本筑波305-8604 中国科学院研究生院北京100049

2006年采用静态箱法观测对照(麦秆不还田)以及均匀混施和墒沟埋草2种麦秆还田方式下稻田CH4和N2O排放通量,探讨墒沟埋草对稻田CH4和N2O排放的影响。结果表明:墒沟埋草处理中,墒沟区域的CH4平均排放通量显著高于均匀混施处理(P0.05)。墒... 详细信息

2006年采用静态箱法观测对照(麦秆不还田)以及均匀混施和墒沟埋草2种麦秆还田方式下稻田CH4和N2O排放通量,探讨墒沟埋草对稻田CH4和N2O排放的影响。结果表明:墒沟埋草处理中,墒沟区域的CH4平均排放通量显著高于均匀混施处理(P0.05)。墒沟埋草处理的N2O季节排放总量是对照的70%,是均匀混施处理的3.14倍。

关键词：墒沟埋草 CH4排放量 N2O排放量稻田

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水稻植株对稻田CH_4排放日变化的影响

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土壤 2007年第6期39卷 859-862页

作者：马静徐华蔡祖聪八木一行土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所) 日本国立农业环境技术研究所

2005年采用静态箱法,在水稻分蘖期天气晴朗的条件下,全天观测了有、无水稻植株两种情况下稻田CH4的排放.结果表明:无论水稻种植与否,稻田CH4排放通量的昼夜变化均表现为单峰模式,极大值出现在下午14点;稻田CH4排放的昼夜变化与5cm处土... 详细信息

2005年采用静态箱法,在水稻分蘖期天气晴朗的条件下,全天观测了有、无水稻植株两种情况下稻田CH4的排放.结果表明:无论水稻种植与否,稻田CH4排放通量的昼夜变化均表现为单峰模式,极大值出现在下午14点;稻田CH4排放的昼夜变化与5cm处土温存在显著正相关关系(p＜0.05);有水稻植株处理稻田CH4日平均排放通量显著高于无水稻植株处理(p＜0.05);有水稻植株处理的稻田CH4排放通量最佳观测时间在上午8～10点,无水稻植株处理的最佳观测时间则在傍晚18点左右.

关键词： CH4排放日变化最佳观测时间水稻植株

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