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Unsupervised WSD by Finding the Predominant Sense Using Context as a Dynamic Thesaurus

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2010年第5期25卷 1030-1039页

作者： Javier Tejada-Carcamo Hiram Calvo Alexander Gelbukh kazuo Hara San Pablo Catholic University ArequipaPeru Center for Computing Research National Polytechnic InstituteMexico City07738Mexico Nara Institute of Science and Technology TakayamaIkomaNara 630-0192Japan

We present and analyze an unsupervised method for Word Sense Disambiguation（WSD）.Our work is based on the method presented by McCarthy et *** 2004 for finding the predominant sense of each word in the entire *** maximization algorithm allows weighted terms（similar words） from a distributional thesaurus to accumulate a score for each ambiguous word sense,i.e.,the sense with the highest score is chosen based on votes from a weighted list of terms related to the ambiguous *** list is obtained using the distributional similarity method proposed by Lin Dekang to obtain a *** the method of McCarthy et al.,every occurrence of the ambiguous word uses the same thesaurus,regardless of the context where the ambiguous word *** method accounts for the context of a word when determining the sense of an ambiguous word by building the list of distributed similar words based on the syntactic context of the ambiguous *** obtain a top precision of 77.54%of accuracy versus 67.10%of the original method tested on *** also analyze the effect of the number of weighted terms in the tasks of finding the Most Precuent Sense（MFS） and WSD,and experiment with several corpora for building the Word Space Model.

关键词： word sense disambiguation word space model semantic similarity text corpus thesaurus

Intraregional Agricultural Characteristics Critical in Explaining Farmland Abandonment:Evidence from Chugoku and Shikoku Region of Japan

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Chinese Geographical Science 2020年第6期30卷 1111-1128页

作者： SU Guandong TOMOZAWA kazuo OKAHASHI Hidenori CHEN Lin Department of Geography Graduate School of LettersHiroshima UniversityHigashihiroshima 7398522Japan Department of Geography Faculty of LettersNara UniversityNara 6318502Japan School of Geography South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China

Since the 1980 s,Japan has witnessed an unprecedented decline in agriculture chiefly due to farmers’aging,depopulation,and unfavorable socio-economic *** development has resulted in an increase of farmland abandonment(FLA)across the ***,it remains unclear as to how and to what extent FLA is influenced by intraregional agricultural *** such,this article discusses the issue of FLA by taking a closer look at the Chugoku and Shikoku region,as it has experienced the highest FLA rates in Japan in recent *** this analysis,a total of 25 indicators retrieved from the census of agriculture and forestry at the former municipalities scale were selected to describe intraregional agricultural *** employed principal component analysis(PCA)to evaluate agricultural characteristics,while multiple linear regressions(MLR)was applied to explore their correlations with FLA and spatial ***,there are strong intraregional differences in the agricultural characteristics across the Chugoku and Shikoku region,with eight different principle components(PCs)describing their ***,variables measuring agricultural characteristics explain nearly 52.8%of the variation in FLA in our *** sales orientation and scale of agriculture have the strongest negative correlation to FLA in the region,while the status of agricultural succession displays the strongest positive correlation to ***,in areas where agriculture is more stable and easier to maintain,FLA is more strongly influenced by changes in agricultural characteristics than by geographical *** argue that localized approaches and policies for future management need to take intraregional differences in agricultural characteristics and FLA into *** findings help to explain spatial variations in agricultural characteristics and FLA in regional contexts,suggesting the need for better-informed farmland use policies to mitigate further aba

关键词： intraregional agricultural characteristics farmland abandonment(FLA) Chugoku and Shikoku region,Japan

Natural Cone Formation for Fast Ignition of Laser Fusion

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Chinese Physics Letters 2008年第6期25卷 2151-2153页

作者：杨晓青雷安乐余玮 TANAKA kazuo Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 Institute of Laser Engineering and Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Osaka 565-0871 dapan

We propose to utilize the leading pulse of a petawatt class laser to create a conic plasma channel in the dense plasmas. This plasma channel could serve as a natural cone to guide the main pulse to the cone tip, as behaves similarly to the physical Au cone. We estimate that the leading pulse of a petawatt laser could create a natural cone with cone tip only about 100 μm away from the edge of compressed core plasma. The natural cone formation should be compatible for a good uniform compression and efficient fast heating of the imploded fuel.

关键词： supernova explosion proto-neutron star shock wave

Large Scale Finite Element Modeling,Simulation and Visualization for Wind Flows in Urban Area Using Virtual Reality

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2008年第S1期13卷 84-89页

作者： kazuo Kashiyama Tomosato Takada Hideo Miyachi Department of Civil Engineering Chuo University Visualization Development Division KGT Inc.

A large-scale finite element modeling, simulation and visualization for wind flows are presented. The modeling method using GIS/CAD data is employed. The stabilized parallel finite element method based on SUPG/PSPG method is employed for the analysis of wind flows. The present method is applied to the simulation of wind flow and contaminant spread in urban area. The visualization based on virtual reality is employed to evaluate the mesh quality and computational results. The computed results are qualitatively in agreement with the experimental results and actual phenomena. The present method is shown to be a useful tool to simulate the wind flows in urban area.

关键词： virtual reality CAD/GIS urban area wind flows

Numerical Simulations of Rarefied Gases in Curved Channels: Thermal Creep, Circulating Flow, and Pumping Effect

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Communications in Computational Physics 2009年第10期6卷 919-954页

作者： kazuo Aoki Pierre Degond Luc Mieussens Department of Mechanical Engineering and Science Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan Universite de Toulouse UPSINSAUT1UTMInstitut de Mathematiques de ToulouseF-31062 ToulouseFrance CNRS Institut de Mathematiques de Toulouse UMR 5219F-31062 ToulouseFrance Universite de Bordeaux Institut de Mathematiques de Bordeaux351cours de la Liberation33405 Talence cedexFrance

We present numerical simulations of a new system of micro-pump based on the thermal creep effect described by the kinetic theory of *** device is made of a simple smooth and curved channel with a periodic temperature *** the Boltzmann-BGK model as the governing equation for the gas flow,we develop a numerical method based on a deterministic finite volume scheme,implicit in time,with an implicit treatment of the boundary *** method is comparatively less sensitive to the slow flow velocity than the usual Direct Simulation Monte Carlo method in case of long devices,and turns out to be accurate enough to compute macroscopic quantities like the pressure field in the *** simulations show the ability of the device to produce a one-way flow that has a pumping effect.

关键词： Knudsen compressor thermal creep flow transpiration flow BGK model implicit scheme

Atomic force microscopy imaging of dialyzed single-walled carbon nanotubes dispersed with sodium dodecyl sulfate

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2013年第2期4卷 119-127页

作者： Shigeyuki Hirayama Takuya Hayashida kazuo Umemura Biophysics Section Department of PhysicsFaculty of ScienceTokyo University of Science1-3 KagurazakaShinjukuTokyo 1628601Japan

The existence of excess sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)molecules in a single-walled carbon nanotube(SWNT)solution dispersed by hybridization with SDS leads to unstable atomic force microscopy(AFM)*** this study,we demonstrate sequential dialysis against pure water in order to remove excess SDS molecules from an SDS-SWNT hybrid dispersion.A 1:102 volume ratio of SDS-SWNT dispersion to water in the dialysis was found to be effective in realizing stable AFM observations of the SDS-SWNT hybrids despite imperfect filtering of SDS via *** the other hand,the SDS-SWNT hybrids were stable even when this volume ratio was 1:***,the SDS-SWNT hybrids were present in the solution even when the dialyzed samples were stored for 14 *** results reveal that dialysis under optimal conditions enables improved handling of SDS-SWNT hybrids,particularly for stable AFM observations.

关键词： carbon nanotube atomic force microscopy sodium dodecyl sulfate dialysis

How do Plants Organize Microtubules Without a Centrosome?

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第8期49卷 1154-1163页

作者： TakashiMurata TakakoTanahashi Tomoaki Nishiyama kazuo Yamaguchi Mitsuyasu Hasebe National Institute for Basic Biology Okazaki 444-8585Japan Department of Basic BiologyThe Graduate University for Advanced StudiesOkazaki 444-8585Japan Advanced Science Research Center Kanazawa UniversityTakaramachi 13-1Kanazawa 920-0934Japan ERATOJapan Science and Technology AgencyTakaramachi 13-1Kanazawa 920-0934Japan Advanced Science Research Center Kanazawa UniversityTakaramachi 13-1Kanazawa 920-0934Japan Graduate School of Natural Science and TechnologyKanazawa UniversityKanazawa 920-1192Japan National Institute for Basic Biology Okazaki 444-8585Japan Department of Basic BiologyThe Graduate University for Advanced StudiesOkazaki 444-8585Japan ERATOJapan Science and Technology AgencyOkazaki 444-8585Japan

A microtubule nucleates from a γ-tubuUn complex, which consists of γ-tubulin, proteins from the SPC971SPC98 family, and the WD40 motif protein GCP-WD. We analyzed the phylogenetic relationships of the genes encoding these proteins and found that the components of this complex are widely conserved among land plants and other eukaryotes. By contrast, the interphase and mitotic arrays of microtubules in land plants differ from those in other eukaryotes. In the interphase cortical array, the majority of microtubules nucleate on existing microtubules in the absence of conspicuous microtubule organizing centers （MTOCs）, such as a centrosome. During mitosis, the spindle also forms in the absence of conspicuous MTOCs. Both poles of the spindle are broad, and branched structures of microtubules called microtubule converging centers form at the poles. In this review, we hypothesize that the microtubule converging centers form via microtubule-dependent microtubule nucleation, as in the case of the interphase arrays. The evolutionary insights arising from the molecular basis of the diversity in microtubule organization are discussed.

关键词： cortical microtubules evolution γ-tubulin microtubule nucleation mitotic spindle.

Temporal adjustment of short calls according to a partner during vocal turn-taking in Japanese macaques

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Current Zoology 2019年第1期65卷 99-105页

作者： Noriko KATSu Kazunori Yamada kazuo Okanoya Masayuki Nakamichi Graduate School of Arts and Sciences The University of Tokyo Meguro Tokyo Japan Graduate School of Human Sciences Osaka University Suita Osaka Japan Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Tokyo Japan

Turn-taking is a common feature in human speech, and is also seen in the communication of other primate species. However, evidenee of turn-taking in vocal exchanges within a short time frame is still scarce in non human primates. This study in vestigated whether dynamic adjustme nt during turn-taking in short calls exists in Japanese macaques Macaca fuscata. We observed exchanges of short calls such as grunts, girneys, and short, low coos during social interactions in a free-ranging group of Japanese macaques. We found that the median gap between the turns of two callers was 250 ms. Call intervals varied among individuals, suggesting that call intervals were not fixed among individuals. Solo call intervals were shorter than call intervals interrupted by responses from partn ers (i.e., excha nges) and Ion ger than those between the partner's reply and the reply to that call, indicating that the monkeys did not just repeat calls at certain intervals irrespective of the social situation. The differences in call intervals during exchanged and solo call sequences were explained by the response interval of the partner, suggesting an adjustment of call timing according to the tempo of the part ner's call utterance. These findi ngs suggest that mon keys display dyn amic temporal adjustment in a short time window, which is comparable with turn-taking in human speech.

关键词： turn-taking rhythm vocalization primate

Comparison of luminescent properties of helicene-like bibenzothiophenes with o-carborane and 5,6-dicarba-nidodecaborane

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Science China Chemistry 2018年第8期61卷 940-946页

作者： Kenta Nishino Kazushi Hashimoto kazuo Tanaka Yasuhiro Morisaki Yoshiki Chujo Department of Polymer Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University

This article describes comparison of the anchoring effect on electronic properties of the helicene-like bibenzothiophene between o-carborane and 5,6-dicarba-nido-decaborane. The o-carborane and nido-decaborane-fused bibenzothiophenes were simultaneously obtained in the same reaction and successfully isolated. Initially, the X-ray single crystal analysis revealed that the helicene-like distorted structure was realized in the nido-decaborane-fused bibenzothiophene. From optical measurements in the solution state, distinct different characteristics depending on the type of anchors were observed. It was summarized that the absorption and luminescent properties originated from weak π-conjugation at the bibenzothiophene moiety in the o-carboranefused compound were obtained, whereas robust π-conjugation and significant emission from the intramolecular charge transfer state were detected from the nido-decaborane-fused compound. These data can be explained by the theoretical results that π-conjugation was restrictedly developed within the bibenzothiophene moiety in frontier orbitals of the o-carborane-fused compound. In contrast, π-conjugation can be constructed even through the distorted bibenzothiophene because of the nido-decaborane unit. Moreover, the intramolecular charge transfer state should be realized because of electronic interaction involving the nido-decaborane unit in the excited state. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the nido-decaborane-fused compound possessed solid-state emission and mechanochromic luminescent properties. The π-conjugation on the distorted structure supported by the nido-decaborane anchor should play a significant role in suppressing aggregation-caused quenching followed by presenting solid-state emission with stimuli responsiveness.

关键词：光性质硼碳电子相互作用混合物电子性质状态抛锚