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Meteorological Data Generation for the Numerical Simulation of Stratified Flow in the Joumine Reservoir, Tunisia

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2014年第4期3卷 173-180页

作者： Tadaharu Ishikawa Kakeru takahira Mingyang Wang Mitsuteru Irie Department of Environmental Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama 226-8502 Japan Central Nippon Expressway Company Limited Nagoya 460-0003 Japan The Alliance for Research on North Africa University of Tsukuba Tsukuba 305-8572 Japan

Dynamic numerical simulation of water conditions is useful for reservoir management. In remote semi-arid areas, however, meteorological and hydrological time-series data needed for computation are not frequently measured and must be obtained using other information. This paper presents a case study of data generation for the computation of thermal conditions in the Joumine Reservoir, Tunisia. Data from the Wind Finder web site and daily sunshine duration at the nearest weather stations were utilized to generate cloud cover and solar radiation data based on meteorological correlations obtained in Japan, which is located at the same latitude as Tunisia. A time series of inflow water temperature was estimated from air temperature using a numerical filter expressed as a linear second-order differential equation. A numerical simulation using a vertical 2-D （two-dimensional） turbulent flow model for a stratified water body with generated data successfully reproduced seasonal thermal conditions in the reservoir, which were monitored using a thermistor chain.

关键词： Meteorological data generation numerical simulation thermal stratification reservoir management.

Hammering Sound Frequency Analysis to Fix an Acetabular Cup during Total Hip Arthroplasty: Clinical Trials and Biomechanical Studies

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2021年第1期14卷 14-20页

作者： Rina Sakai Katsufumi Uchiyama Kensuke Fukushima Naonobu takahira Kazihiro Yoshida Masanobu Ujihira Department of Biomedical Engineering and Technology School of Allied Health Sciences Kitasato University Kanagawa Japan Department of Orthopedic Surgery Kitasato University Kanagawa Japan

Failure during total hip arthroplasty may lead to bedridden of the elderly. Since the acetabulum cup fix in an anatomically deep region, failures, such as loosening and fracture, occur three times more frequently compared with failures of the stem fix in the femur. We investigated the possibility of evaluating whether fixation was acquired by frequency analysis of the hammering sound of implanting a cup into the acetabulum. The subjects were 11 patients (11 joints) who underwent total hip arthroplasty, biomechanical test materials, and orthopedic models. Surgeries and experiments were performed by orthopedists specialized in the hip. A system was constructed with a tablet PC and directional microphone, the peak frequency at which the amplitude reached the maximum was determined, and judgment processing (stable, unstable) of cup fixability was performed in real time. The stable maximum peak frequency observed in the clinical trials was 4.42 ± 4.02 kHz. The mean stable maximum peak frequency in the biomechanical tests was 4.46 ± 1.19 kHz in biomechanical test materials and 4.56 ± 2.02 kHz in orthopaedicmodels. When hammering was continued, the frequency leading to fracture decreased in both biomechanical test materials and orthopaedicmodels. In conclusion, in clinical trials and biomechanical studies, variation of the maximum peak frequency decreased when fixation was acquired and the frequency stabilized. It was suggested that this method can serve as a fixability evaluation method of acetabular cups because analysis can be performed in real time during surgery, for which prevention of intraoperative fracture can be expected.

关键词： Total Hip Arthroplasty Hammering Sound Frequency Analysis Intraoperative Fracture Loosening

Vibration Signal Analysis for Detecting Early-Stage Lumbar Spondylolysis Using Synthetic Bone

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2018年第12期11卷 338-347页

作者： Hiroyuki Watanabe Naohiro Tahara Rina Sakai Naonobu takahira Suguru Torii Atsuhiko Matsunaga Department of Rehabilitation School of Allied Health Sciences Kitasato University Sagamihara Japan Osada Hospital Yokohama Japan Department of Medical Engineering and Technology School of Allied Health Sciences Kitasato University Sagamihara Japan Faculty of Sports Science Waseda University Tokorozawa Japan

Bone fractures can be detected by analyzing vibration signals following bone stimulation. This method can also be applied to detect stress fractures, such as spondylolysis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether vibration signal analysis can be used to detect lumbar spondylolysis in synthetic bone. Four synthetic spondylolysis models of the fifth lumbar vertebra (Sawbones, product No. SAW1352-10: Malmö, Sweden) were prepared, with the following conditions: intact, unilateral defect, and bilateral defect. Unilateral defects were created by making an incision of either half the diameter (50% incision) or the entire diameter (100% incision) in length through the pars interarticularis or pedicle. Bilateral defects were created by making an additional incision of half the diameter in length on the opposite side of the defected pars interarticularis or pedicle (50% + 100% incision). Hammering was performed five times on each spinous process of the fixed synthetic bones and vibration signals were measured using an accelerometer attached to the contralateral side of the hammer. Signals were analyzed using fast Fourier transform. The parameters analyzed included the mean power frequency, first power minimum frequency (the minimum value between the first and second peaks), spectral areas of low and high frequency bands, and the relative ratio between the spectral areas of low and high frequency bands. The relative ratio was significantly lower in the 50%, 100%, and 50% + 100% incision conditions compared to the intact condition (p < 0.01), suggesting the potential utility of vibration signal analysis in diagnosing lumbar spondylolysis.

关键词： Vibration Signal Spondylolysis Synthetic Bone Lumbar Vertebra

Investigation of Hammering Sound Frequency to Prevent Intraoperative Fracture during Total Hip Arthroplasty

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2021年第10期14卷 339-345页

作者： Rina Sakai Tatsuki Kitazato Katsufumi Uchiyama Kazuhiro Yoshida Takeaki Yamamoto Naonobu takahira Masanobu Ujihira Department of Medical Engineering and Technology School of Allied Health Sciences Kitasato University Sagamihara City Japan Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences Sagamihara City Kanagawa Japan Department of Orthopedic Surgery School of Medicine Kitasato University Sagamihara City Japan Department of Orthopedic Surgery School of Medicine St. Marianna University Kawasaki City Kanagawa Japan

Background: The 1st peak frequency of the hammering sound in total hip arthroplasty may serve as an evaluation index to prevent intraoperative fracture. Fixation of the stem and femur cannot be acquired unless the 1st peak frequency of hammering the stem into the femur stabilizes, and fixation can be judged as acquired when the 1st peak frequency becomes constant. To investigate whether the environmental sound in the operating room can be differentiated from the hammering sound of total hip arthroplasty, the 1st peak frequency of the hammering sound when impacting the stem into the femur with a hammer was identified. Method: The hammering sound of impacting the stem into a biomechanical test material through an impactor was analyzed using a fast Fourier transform analyzer. Environmental sound in the operating room was simulated and the 1st peak frequency of the sound on collision between the operator’s voice and the surgical instrument was measured. The 1st peak frequency of hammering sound was compared between patients indicated for total hip arthroplasty and healthy individuals to investigate whether there is a difference due to bone quality. Results: The natural frequency of the impactor was 3.41 ± 0.05 kHz, and the 1st peak frequency of the femur, stem, and impactor was 2.43 ± 1.45 kHz. The 1st peak frequency of hammering sound on simulated femur in patients indicated for total hip arthroplasty was 2.98 ± 0.73 kHz and that in healthy individuals was 2.15 ± 0.32 kHz. This suggested that the hammering sound in total hip arthroplasty-indicated patients overlaps with the frequency of the collision sound of surgical instruments. Conclusion: To develop a system to prevent intraoperative fracture, countermeasures, such as noise canceling, are necessary to prevent false detection of hammering sounds.

关键词： Total Hip Arthroplasty Periprosthetic Fracture Cementless Stem Hammering Sound Peak Frequency

Prediction of Intraoperative Fracture by Hammering Sound Frequency Analysis and Stress Estimation during Total Hip Arthroplasty

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2020年第6期13卷 113-119页

作者： Rina Sakai Takeaki Yamamoto Katsufumi Uchiyama Kensuke Fukushima Naonobu takahira Kazuhiro Yoshida Masanobu Ujihira Department of Biomedical Engineering and Technology Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences Kanagawa Japan Department of Orthopedic Surgery St. Marianna University School of Medicine Kanagawa Japan Department of Orthopedic Surgery Kitasato University School of Medicine Kanagawa Japan

When a stem is inserted into the femur during total hip arthroplasty, sufficient fixation depends on the surgeon’s experience. An objective method of evaluating whether the stem has been correctly fixed may aid clinicians in their decision. We examined the relationship between the sound frequency caused by hammering the stem and the internal stress in artificial femurs, and evaluated the utility of sound frequency analysis to prevent intraoperative fracture. Surgeons inserted one of two types of cementless stems (SL-PLUS and modified CLS) using routine operational procedures into 13 artificial femurs. These are the standard Zweymüllers used in Europe. The difference is the lateral shape;SL-PLUS has holes for removal and the modified CLS has fins to prevent rotation. We estimated stress in the femur via finite element analysis, measured the hammering force, and recorded the sound of hammering for frequency analysis. Finite element analysis revealed that the hammering sound frequency decreased as the maximum stress increased. A decrease in frequency suggested that fixation was sufficient and that continued hammering would increase the risk of fracture. Thus, evaluation of the change in sound frequency during stem insertion may indicate when the hammering force should be reduced, thereby preventing intraoperative periprosthetic fractures. Further frequency change may also predict fractures prior to visual confirmation. We concluded that sound frequency analysis has potential as an objective evaluation method to help prevent intraoperative periprosthetic fractures during stem insertion.

关键词： Periprosthetic Fracture Total Hip Arthroplasty Hammering Sound Frequency Analysis

Selection of Hammering Sound Collection Devices for the Development of Total Hip Arthroplasty Support Systems

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2022年第7期15卷 179-186页

作者： Rina Sakai Katsufumi Uchiyama Shun Nishizawa Tomomi Mizuhashi Takeaki Yamamoto Kazuhiro Yoshida Kensuke Fukushima Naonobu takahira Masanobu Ujihira Department of Medical Engineering and Technology Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences Kanagawa Japan Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kanagawa Japan Department of Orthopedic Surgery Kitasato University School of Medicine Kanagawa Japan Department of Clinical Engineering St. Luke’s International Hospital Tokyo Japan Department of Orthopedic Surgery St. Marianna University School of Medicine Kanagawa Japan

In total hip arthroplasty, intraoperative femoral fractures can be avoided by analyzing the hammering sounds from the stem inserted into the femur. This procedure is based on a hammering test that makes use of the fact that sound depends on the stability of the object. This technique is generally used in engineering. A system designed to avoid excessive stem hammering by predicting the intraoperative fracture risk based on this technique and software for real-time spectra analysis has been developed with repetitive improvements. The remaining technical challenge lies in selecting an appropriate sound collection device and building a compact and easy unit for use. This study reviewed the types of directional microphones suitable for the sound collection system to develop a practical THA support system. Four types of microphones based on selected methods were used to collect and compare the peak frequencies of the hammering sounds and make comparisons between them, and the built system was used to conduct clinical trials. For miniaturization and operational ease of the unit, plug-in unidirectional microphones are appropriate. However, no laboratory-level data has been collected, and thus, further data accumulation is necessary.

关键词： Intraoperative Fractures Total Hip Arthroplasty Hammering Sound Fourier Analysis Peak Frequency

Differential mRNA Expression of <i>COX</i>-2 and Proinflammatory Mediators in Patients with Rotator Cuff Tears and Osteoarthritis of the Hip

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2019年第11期9卷 254-263页

作者： Tomonori Kenmoku Kentaro Uchida Naoshige Nagura Hisako Fujimaki Mitsufumi Nakawaki Naonobu takahira Kensuke Fukushima Ryo Tazawa Kyoko Muneshige Gen Inoue Masashi Takaso Department of Orthopedic Surgery Kitasato University School of Medicine Sagamihara Japan Department of Allied Health Science Kitasato University School of Medicine Sagamihara Japan

Purpose: Bursal inflammation is thought to be a major cause of pain in degenerative rotator cuff tears (RCTs). While the expression of proinflammatory mediators, such as COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, is crucial for the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA), their role in degenerative RCTs remains unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of COX-2 and proinflammatory mediators in the development of RCT-induced pain by comparing their levels in patients with hip OA or RCTs. Methods: We included samples obtained from 31 shoulders of 31 patients with RCTs and samples from 30 hips of 27 patients with hip OA. The mRNA levels of COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were determined using RT-PCR, and were compared between the subacromial bursa and hip joints. We also analyzed IL-1β-induced COX-2 expression in the subacromial bursa and synovial blast of the hip. Results: COX-2, IL-1β, and IL-6 expression levels were significantly lower in the subacromial bursa of RCTs than in hip OA samples, while no significant difference was observed for TNF-α. No significant difference in the fold increase was observed between subacromial bursa and hip OA samples, even though IL-1β-induced COX-2 expression increased in both samples. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the main mechanism underlying pain development differs between patients with RCTs and those with hip OA.

关键词： Rotator Cuff Tear Pain Hip Osteoarthritis Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Interleukin (IL)-1β COX-2 IL-6

Usefulness of Hammering Sound Frequency Analysis as an Evaluation Method for the Prevention of Trouble during Hip Replacement

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2020年第5期13卷 74-80页

作者： R. Sakai K. Uchiyama N. takahira M. Kakeshita Y. Otsu K. Yoshida M. Ujihira Department of Biomedical Engineering and Technology Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences Kanagawa Japan Department of Orthopedic Surgery Kitasato University School of Medicine Kanagawa Japan Mark Electronics Co. Ltd. Kanagawa Japan

In total hip arthroplasty, judgment of the appropriateness of stem hammering is dependent on the experience and feelings of the surgeon and no objective evaluation method has been established. In this study, a frequency analysis of the hammering sounds in total hip arthroplasty was performed to investigate objective judgment criteria capable of preventing problems during surgery. Stem hammering was applied following the surgeon’s feelings as usual in an operating room. A directional microphone was placed at a distance about 2 m from the surgical field and the peak frequency reaching the maximum amplitude was determined by Fourier analysis. It was clarified that the same peak frequency repeats when appropriate fixation is acquired during surgery, suggesting that intraoperative fracture and postoperative loosening can be prevented by stopping hammering at the time the peak frequency converged. Investigation of changes in the hammering sound frequency may serve as objective judgment criteria capable of preventing problems during surgery.

关键词： Hip Replacement Total Hip Arthroplasty Hammering Sound Frequency Analysis Intraoperative Fracture Loosening

The Relationship between Neck and Shoulder Pain and the Sagittal Alignment of the Spine in Standing in Younger Generation

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2015年第11期5卷 337-344页

作者： Tomonori Kenmoku Takane Suzuki Nobuyasu Ochiai Tatsuki Ebata Genyo Miyajima Naoshige Nagura Mitsufumi Nakawaki Ryo Tazawa Sho Hiramatsu Hironori Yamazaki Yu Sasaki Takeshi Yamaguchi Eiko Hashimoto Kenji Onuma Naonobu takahira Kazuhisa Takahashi Masashi Takaso Department of Orthopedic Surgery Kitasato University School of Medicine Sagamihara Japan Sakura Orthopaedic Hospital Sakura Japan Department of Bioenvironmental Medicine Graduate School of Medicine Chiba Japan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine Chiba Japan Department of Orthopedic Surgery Kitasato Medical Center Kitamoto Japan School of Allied Health Science Kitasato University Sagamihara Japan

Background: The relationship between chronic neck and shoulder pain and posture remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between chronic neck and shoulder pain and spinal sagittal alignment in standing posture in younger generation. Methods: Subjects included 57 females and 32 males (average age, 29.9 ± 5.7 years). All subjects were 20s or 30s. Spinal curvature was assessed using SpinalMouse. The subjects were also divided into a normal group (VAS zero group) and a pain group by VAS results. Statistical analysis was performed by Student’s t-test. Significance was defined as p < 0.05. Results: The normal group and pain group included 29 and 60 subjects, respectively. In terms of location of pain, thirty-one subjects felt neck pain, 50 felt pain above the scapula, and 17 felt pain between the thoracic spine and scapula. Thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis in the pain group were significantly higher than those in the normal group (p = 0.013 and p = 0.020, respectively). Thoracic kyphosis in subjects with neck pain or pain above scapula was significantly higher than that in subjects without pain (p = 0.0075 and p = 0.025, respectively). Lumbar lordosis in subjects with pain above the scapula or interscapula was significantly higher than that in subjects without pain (p = 0.016).

关键词： Choronic Neck and Shoulder Pain Sagittal Alignment of the Spine Thoracic Kyphosis Lumber Lordosis