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How does the 120-year cycle mast seeding of dwarf bamboo affect the rodent population?

Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 577-586页

作者： Hanami suzuki Haruka Kashiwagi Hisashi Kajimura Laboratory of Forest Protection Graduate School of Bioagricultural SciencesNagoya UniversityFurochoChikusakuNagoya 468-8601Japan Nagoya City Science Museum NakakuNagoya 460-0008Japan

Background:In 2017,large-scale flowering,seeding,and dying events of dwarf bamboo(Sasa borealis)occurred in a wide range in central Japan for the first time in 120 *** phenomenon of ***,like the mast seeding of trees,could be expected to provide a large amount of food for seed-eating rodents and gradually affect their ecology and population *** captured rodents in survey plots in a secondary broad-leaved forest with the phenomenon from 2018 to 2019 to investigate the species,the number of individuals,growing stage,sex,and body *** addition,we also compared the capture data for 2 years(2018–2019)with that for the mast seeding year(2017)and 6 years before it(2011–2016).Results:The mast seeding of *** greatly increased the population size of rodents,especially Apodemus speciosus and ***,Eothenomys smithii did not show such an *** of the captured rodent individuals were already adults at the time of new capture,and the proportion of male juveniles was extremely *** results suggest that the mast seeding of *** created unusually rich food availability for the population concentration of rodents due to their ***,body mass was not significantly different before and after the mast *** addition,the increased populations of the two Apodemus species did not decline 2 years after the *** masting,contrary to the previously reported decrease of rodent populations after tree ***:Our results indicate that the mast seeding of *** affected the population dynamics of Apodemus species over a long time and their individual composition of different growth ***,it did not affect their body mass.

关键词： Apodemus speciosus Apodemus argenteus Eothenomys smithii Mast seeding Population dynamics Predator satiation hypothesis Sasa borealis

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c-Jun N-terminal kinase-mediated Rubicon expression enhances hepatocyte lipoapoptosis and promotes hepatocyte ballooning

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第28期22卷 6509-6519页

作者： Akiko suzuki Keisuke Kakisaka Yuji suzuki Ting Wang Yasuhiro Takikawa division of hepatology department of internal medicine iwate medical university Morioka 0208505 Japan

AIM: To clarify the relationship between autophagy and lipotoxicity-induced apoptosis, which is termed "lipoapoptosis," in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. METHODS: Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet(HFD) for 12 wk, after which the liver histology and expression of proteins such as p62 or LC3 were evaluated. Alpha mouse liver 12(AML12) cells treated with palmitate(PA) were used as an in vitro model. RESULTS: LC3-Ⅱ, p62, and Run domain Beclin-1 interacting and cysteine-rich containing(Rubicon) proteins increased in both the HFD mice and in AML12 cells in response to PA treatment. Rubicon expression was decreased upon c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK) inhibition at both the m RNA and the protein level in AML12 cells. Rubicon knockdown in AML12 cells with PA decreased the protein levels of both LC3-Ⅱ and p62. Rubicon expression peaked at 4 h of PA treatment in AML12, and then decreased. Treatment with caspase-9 inhibitor ameliorated the decrease in Rubicon protein expression at 10 h of PA and resulted in enlarged AML12 cells under PA treatment. The enlargement of AML12 cells by PA with caspase-9 inhibition was canceled by Rubicon ***: The JNK-Rubicon axis enhanced lipoapoptosis, and caspase-9 inhibition and Rubicon had effects that were cytologically similar to hepatocyte ballooning. As ballooned hepatocytes secrete fibrogenic signals and thus might promote fibrosis in the liver, the inhibition of hepatocyte ballooning might provide antifibrosis in the NASH liver.

关键词： Ballooned hepatocyte Caspase 9 c-Jun N-terminal kinase Rubicon SP600125

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Update on quinolone-containing rescue therapies for Helicobacter pylori infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第15期26卷 1733-1744页

作者： Hideki Mori Hidekazu suzuki Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal DisordersUniversity of LeuvenLeuven 3000Belgium Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineTokai University School of MedicineIsehara 259-1193Japan

Third generation of quinolones,such as levofloxacin and moxifloxacin,-containing regimens are often used in second-line or rescue treatment of Helicobacter pylori ***,the increasing antibiotic resistance to quinolones affects the efficacies of quinolones-containing therapies in recent ***,there is a need to enhance the effectiveness of quinolonescontaining ***,a fourth-generation quinolone,and vonoprazan,a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker,are now available as more effective treatment *** aim of this paper is to summarize the current evidence of quinolone-containing therapies in rescue treatments,and to discuss the importance of drug sensitivity tests or analysis of gyrA mutation before treatments.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Levofloxacin Sitafloxacin Moxifloxacin gyrA Vonoprazan

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Laninamivir-induced ischemic enterocolitis:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第9期10卷 2864-2870页

作者： Chihiro suzuki Tsuneaki Kenzaka Department of Internal Medicine Hyogo Prefectural Tamba Medical CenterTanba 669-3495Japan Division of Community Medicine and Career Development Kobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobe 652-0032Japan

BACKGROUND Neuraminidase inhibitor-associated acute hemorrhagic colitis is *** report a case of ischemic enterocolitis that was likely caused by *** SUMMARY A 54-year-old female patient with influenza type A was administered 40 mg of laninamivir via inhalation *** the same day,the patient experienced bloody stools and lower abdominal pain.A contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography showed edema-like changes from the descending colon to the sigmoid colon,which suggested ischemic *** We treated a patient with ischemic enterocolitis caused by laninamivir,a rare but similar symptom following the administration of oseltamivir.

关键词： Hemorrhagic colitis Ischemic enterocolitis Laninamivir Influenza Neuraminidase inhibitor Case report

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Strategies for early detection of resectable pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第32期20卷 11230-11240页

作者： Keiichi Okanoi Yasuyuki suzuki Department of Gastroen terological Surgery Faculty of Medicine Kagawa University

Pancreatic cancer is difficult to diagnose at an early stage and generally has a poor prognosis. Surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment for pancreatic carcinoma. To improve the prognosis of this disease, it is essential to detect tumors at early stages, when they are resectable. The optimal approach to screening for early pancreatic neoplasia has not been established. The International Cancer of the Pancreas Screening Consortium has recently finalized several recommendations regarding the management of patients who are at an increased risk of familial pancreatic cancer. In addition, there have been notable advances in research on serum markers, tissue markers, gene signatures, and genomic targets of pancreatic cancer. To date, however, no biomarkers have been established in the clinical setting. Advancements in imaging modalities touch all aspects of the clinical management of pancreatic diseases, including the early detection of pancreatic masses, their characterization, and evaluations of tumor resectability. This article reviews strategies for screening high-risk groups, biomarkers, and current advances in imaging modalities for the early detection of resectable pancreatic cancer.

关键词： Early detection Resectable Pancreatic cancer Screening High-risk group Biomarker Imaging

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Influence of bile contamination for patients who undergo pancreaticoduodenectomy after biliary drainage

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第47期25卷 6847-6856页

作者： Keiichi Okano Yasuyuki suzuki Departments of Gastroenterological Surgery Kagawa University

BACKGROUND The influence of bile contamination on the infectious complications of patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD)has not been thoroughly *** To evaluate the effect of preoperative biliary drainage and bile contamination on the outcomes of patients who undergo *** The database of 4101 patients who underwent PD was *** biliary drainage was performed in 1964 patients(47.9%),and bile contamination was confirmed in 606 patients(14.8%).RESULTS The incidence of postoperative infectious complications was 37.9%in patients with preoperative biliary drainage and 42.4%in patients with biliary contamination,*** with extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma,ampulla of Vater carcinoma,and pancreatic carcinoma had a high frequency of preoperative biliary drainage(82.9%,54.6%,and 50.8%)and bile contamination(34.3%,26.2%,and 20.2%).Bile contamination was associated with postoperative pancreatic fistula(POPF)Grade B/C,wound infection,and catheter infection.A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that biliary contamination(odds ratio 1.33,P=0.027)was the independent risk factor for POPF Grade B/*** three most commonly cultured microorganisms from bile(Enterococcus,Klebsiella,and Enterobacter)were identical to those isolated from organ *** In patients undergoing PD,bile contamination is related to postoperative infectious complication including POPF Grade B/*** management of biliary contamination should be standardised for patients who require preoperative biliary drainage for PD,as the main microorganisms are identical in both organ spaces and bile.

关键词： Bile contamination Complication Pancreaticoduodenectomy Preoperative biliary drainage Postoperative pancreatic fistula Grade B/C

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Analysis of molten metal spreading and solidification behaviors utilizing moving particle full-implicit method

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Frontiers in Energy 2021年第4期15卷 959-973页

作者： Ryo YOKOYAMA Masahiro KONDO Shunichi suzuki Koji OKAMOTO Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management The University of Tokyo7-3-1 HongoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8656Japan Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional materials(CD-FMat) Department of Materials and ChemistryNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology(AIST)Central 21-1-1UmezonoTsukubaIbaraki 305-8568Japan Institute of Engineering Innovation School of EngineeringThe University of Tokyo7-3-1 HongoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8656Japan Nuclear Professional School The University of Tokyo2-22 ShirakataTokai-muraIbaraki 319-1188Japan

To retrieve the fuel debris in Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plants(1F),it is essential to infer the fuel debris *** particular,the molten metal spreading behavior is one of the vital phenomena in nuclear severe accidents because it determines the initial condition for further accident scenarios such as molten core concrete interaction(MCCI).In this study,the fundamental molten metal spreading experiments were performed with different outlet diameters and sample amounts to investigate the effect of the outlet for spreading-solidification *** the numerical analysis,the moving particle full-implicit method(MPFI),which is one of the particle methods,was applied to simulate the spreading *** the MPFI framework,the melting-solidification model including heat transfer,radiation heat loss,phase change,and solid fraction-dependent viscosity was developed and *** addition,the difference in the spreading and solidification behavior due to the outlet diameters was reproduced in the *** simulation results reveal the detailed solidification procedure during the molten metal *** is found that the viscosity change and the solid fraction change during the spreading are key factors for the free surface condition and solidified ***,it is suggested that the MPFI method has the potential to simulate the actual nuclear melt-down phenomena in the future.

关键词： molten metal spreading solidification particle method severe accident fuel debris decommissioning

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Effects of leaf age,elevation and light conditions on photosynthesis and leaf traits in saplings of two evergreen conifers,Abies veitchii and ***

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第4期13卷 460-469页

作者： Rina suzuki Koichi Takahashi Department of Science Graduate School of Science and TechnologyShinshu UniversityAsahi 3-1-1Matsumoto 390-8621Japan Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceShinshu UniversityMatsumoto 390-8621Japan Department of Mountain Ecosystem Institute for Mountain ScienceShinshu UniversityAsahi 3-1-1Matsumoto 390-8621Japan

Aims Subalpine coniferous species are distributed over a wide range of elevations in which they must contend with stressful conditions,such as high elevations and extended periods of *** evergreen coniferous species,Abies veitchii and Abies mariesii,dominate at low and high elevations,respectively,in the subalpine zone,central *** aim of this study is to examine the effects of leaf age,elevation and light conditions on photosynthetic rates through changes in morphological and physiological leaf traits in the two *** We here examined effects of leaf age,elevation and light conditions on photosynthesis,and leaf traits in *** and *** of the two conifers were sampled in the understory and canopy gaps at their lower(1600 m)and upper(2300 m)distribution *** Findings The two species showed similar responses to leaf age and different responses to elevation and light conditions in photosynthesis and leaf *** maximum photosynthetic rate of *** is correlated negatively with leaf mass per area(LMA)and non-structural carbohydrate(NSC)*** increased at high elevations in the two species,whereas NSC concentrations increased only in ***,the maximum photosynthetic rate of *** decreased at high ***,maximum photosynthetic rates correlate positively with nitrogen concentration in both *** the understory,leaf nitrogen concentrations decreased and increased in *** and ***,*** decreased and the chlorophyll-to-nitrogen ratio increased in understory conditions only for ***,suggesting it has a higher light-capture efficiency in dark conditions than does *** study concluded that *** has more shade-tolerant photosynthetic and leaf traits and its photosynthetic rate is less affected by elevation compared with ***,allowing *** to survive in the understory and to dominate at high elevations.

关键词： leaf chlorophyll leaf mass per area leaf nitrogen non-structural carbohydrate concentration stable carbon–isotope ratio

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Spatiotemporal changes in antlerless proportion of culled Sika deer in relation to deer density

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第3期33卷 1095-1101页

作者： Kei K.suzuki Teruki Oka Masatoshi Yasuda Kyushu Research Center Forestry and Forest Products Research InstituteKumamoto860-0862Japan Shikoku Research Center Forestry and Forest Products Research InstituteKochi780-8077Japan

Population management of herbivores is widely applied to decrease damage to forests in the northern hemisphere. Culling more antlerless deer, including females and fawns, is an effective means of reducing the population and helps to improve management efficiency. To increase the efficiency of antlerless-biased culling, we assessed the spatiotemporal distribution of the antlerless ratio in culled sika deer (Cervus nippon) in relation to population density. We hypothesized that the antlerless ratio is higher at the center of the distribution than at the margins of the deer’s range, because dispersal processes differ according to sex and age: Young male deer first disperse into an unoccupied area, and then males may become established in the new area for approximately 10–15 years before the number of females increases. A statistical model revealed spatiotemporal changes in the antlerless ratio of culled sika deer. The change in the ratio basically fit the density distribution of the deer, which was estimated independently on the basis of fecal pellet count surveys. The antlerless ratio estimated from the model increased asymptotically as deer density rose. The results support our hypothesis and suggest that antlerless sika deer will be more easily culled at the center rather than at the margins of the distribution range. These findings should help to increase the efficiency of managing the deer via antlerless-biased culling.

关键词： Antlerless Culling Density Distribution Large herbivore Wildlife management

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Development of gradient microstructure in the lattice structure of AlSi10Mg alloy fabricated by selective laser melting

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第1期36卷 106-117页

作者： Mulin Liu Naoki Takata Asuka suzuki Makoto Kobashi Department of Materials Process Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringNagoya UniversityFuro-choChikusa-kuNagoya464-8603Japan

To identify the microstructural features of the lattice structures of Al alloys built via the selective laser melting(SLM)process,AlSil OMg alloy with a body-centered cubic(BCC)-type lattice structure was *** microstructures comprising melt pools with several columnarα-Al phases withorientations along the elongation direction and surrounded by eutectic Si particles were observed at all portions of the built lattice *** the node portions of the lattice structure,a gradient microstructure(continuous change in microstructure)was *** columnarα-Al phases were observed near the top surface of the node portion,whereas they became coarser and more equiaxed near the bottom surface,resulting in softening localized near the bottom *** the strut portions of the lattice structure,the columnarα-Al phases were elongated along the inclined direction of *** trend was more prevalent near the bottom ***α-Al phases became coarser and more equiaxed near the bottom surface as *** aforementioned results were the basis of a discussion of the development of the gradient microstructure in lattice-structured Al alloys during the SLM process in terms of thermal conductivities at the boundaries between the manufactured(locally melted and rapidly solidified)portions and adjacent(unmelted)alloy powder.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Lattice structure Aluminum alloy Microstructure Thermal conductivity

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