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Path Integral Formulation for Wave Effect in Multilens System

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第3期7卷 221-229页

作者： kazuhiro yamamoto Department of Physical Science Hiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima Japan

A formula to investigate the wave effect in a multi-lens system is presented on the basis of a path integral formalism by generalizing the work by Nakamura and Deguchi (1999). The wave effect of a system with two lenses is investigated in an analytic way as a simple application to demonstrate usefulness of the formula and variety of wave effect in multi-lens system.

关键词： Cosmology Gravitational Lensing Wave Optics

Analyses of the Anatomy of the Ureter near Ureterovesical Junction on the Unenhanced CT

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Open Journal of Radiology 2016年第2期6卷 84-91页

作者： Hiroshi Juri kazuhiro yamamoto Yoshifumi Narumi Department of Radiology Osaka Medical College Osaka Japan

Purpose: There has been no report evaluating the anatomy of the ureter on CT images. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the anatomy of the ureter near the ureterovesical junction on preoperative CT. Methods: Forty patients were analyzed the craniocaudal level of the ureterovesical junction, the transverse distance from the medial line of the body to the ureterovesical junction, the direction of the ureter from the ureterovesical junction, and the length of the ureter from the point of turning medially to the ureterovesical junction. Results: The ureterovesical junction was almost at the level of the upper or middle of the left femoral head. The mean transverse distance on the right and left side was 19.0 and 19.3 mm. The direction of the ureter was almost posterior, lateral, and cranial, but had a wide range of angles. The mean length of the ureter on the right and left side was 24.0 and 23.9 mm. Conclusions: We can evaluate the anatomy of the ureter near the ureterovesical junction on preoperative CT.

关键词： Ureter Ureterovesical Junction CT Anatomy

Design and Implementation of a Programming Learning Support System Using the Concepts of Physical Visualization and Serious Gaming

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2022年第11期10卷 197-223页

作者： Noriyuki Ishiguro Yusuke Saitoh kazuhiro yamamoto Hirohide Haga Graduate School of Science and Engineering Doshisha University Kyoto Japan

The purpose of this research is the design and implementation of a support system for learning programming. To archive this purpose, in this article, we propose a Puzzle Programming System that uses jigsaw puzzles as an example of the application of physical visualization, which visualizes logical constraints to physical ones. This Puzzle Programming System aims to teach basic programming concepts by presenting the invisible constraints of programming language syntax using the visual constraints of jigsaw puzzle pieces. This system runs on an Apple iPad and was developed using the Unity game engine. We used YAML as a data format for serializing structured data for data management. By inviting high school students to try out a prototype, we could confirm the usefulness of the Puzzle Programming System. The experimental evaluation results also shed light on aspects of the game that need to be redesigned and parts where the visual programming model needs to be modified and expanded.

关键词： Serious Gaming Augmented Reality Visual Programming Constraint Visualization

Window Effect in the Power Spectrum Analysis of a Galaxy Redshift Survey

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2013年第3期3卷 243-256页

作者： Takahiro Sato Gert Hutsi Gen Nakamura kazuhiro yamamoto Graduate School of Physical Sciences Hiroshima UniversityHigashi-HiroshimaJapan Tartu Observatory TorevereEstonia

We investigate the effect of the window function on the multipole power spectrum in two different ways. First, we consider the convolved power spectrum including the window effect, which is obtained by following the familiar (FKP) method developed by Feldman, Kaiser and Peacock. We show how the convolved multipole power spectrum is related to the original power spectrum, using the multipole moments of the window function. Second, we investigate the deconvolved power spectrum, which is obtained by using the Fourier deconvolution theorem. In the second approach, we measure the multipole power spectrum deconvolved from the window effect. We demonstrate how to deal with the window effect in these two approaches, applying them to the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) luminous red galaxy (LRG) sample.

关键词： Cosmology Large-Scale Structure of Universe

Is platinum-loaded titania the best material for dye-sensitized hydrogen evolution under visible light?

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2024年第8期63卷 124-132页

作者： Haruka yamamoto Langqiu Xiao Yugo Miseki Hiroto Ueki Megumi Okazaki kazuhiro Sayama Thomas E.Mallouk Kazuhiko Maeda Department of Chemistry School of ScienceTokyo Institute of Technology2-12-1-NE-2 OokayamaMeguro-kuTokyo 152-8550Japan Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania231 S.34th Street PhiladelphiaPA 19104United States Global Zero Emission Research Center(GZR) National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology(AIST)West16-1OnogawaTsukubaIbaraki 305-8569Japan International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics(WPI-MANA) National Institute for Materials Science(NIMS)TsukubaIbaraki 305-0044Japan Research Center for Autonomous Systems Materialogy(ASMat) Tokyo Institute of Technology4259 Nagatsuta-choMidori-kuYokohamaKanagawa 226-8501Japan

A dye-sensitized photocatalyst combining Pt-loaded TiO_(2)and Ru(Ⅱ)tris-diimine sensitizer(RuP)was constructed and its activity for photochemical hydrogen evolution was compared with that of Pt-intercalated HCa_(2)Nb_(3)O_(10)*** the sacrificial donor ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA)disodium salt dihydrate was used,RuP/Pt/TiO_(2)showed higher activity than RuP/Pt/HCa_(2)Nb_(3)O_(10).In contrast,when NaI(a reversible electron donor)was used,RuP/Pt/TiO_(2)showed little activity due to back electron transfer to the electron acceptor(I3-),which was gener-ated as the oxidation product of I-.By modification with anionic polymers(sodium poly(styrenesulfonate)or sodium polymethacrylate)that could inhibit the scavenging of conduction band electrons by I3-,the H_(2)production activity from aqueous NaI was improved,but it did not exceed that of RuP/Pt/HCa_(2)Nb_(3)O_(10).Transient absorption measurements showed that the rate of semiconductor-to-dye back electron transfer was slower in the case of TiO_(2)than HCa_(2)Nb_(3)O_(10),but the electron transfer reaction to I3-was much *** results indicate that Pt/TiO_(2)is useful for reactions with sacrificial reductants(e.g.,EDTA),where the back electron transfer reaction to the more reducible product can be ***,more careful design of the catalyst will be nec-essary when a reversible electron donor is employed.

关键词： Artificial photosynthesis Solar fuel Water splitting Z-scheme

Primary hepatic benign schwannoma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2012年第3期4卷 73-78页

作者： Michihiro Hayashi Atsushi Takeshita kazuhiro yamamoto Nobuhiko Tanigawa Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery Department of Pathology Department of RadiologyOsaka Medical College Hospital Department of Pathology Osaka Medical College Hospital Department of Radiology Osaka Medi- cal College Hospital

Schwannoma is predominantly a benign neoplasm of the Schwann cells in the neural sheath of the peripheral *** of schwannoma in parenchymatous organs,such as liver,is extremely rare.A 64-year-old man without neurofibromatosis was observed to have a space-occupying lesion of 23mm diameter in the liver during follow-up examination for a previously resected gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)in the small *** underwent lateral segmentectomy of the liver under a provisional diagnosis of hepatic metastatic recurrence of the *** examination confirmed the diagnosis of a benign schwannoma,confirmed by characteristic pathological findings and positive immunoreactions with the neurogenic marker S-100 protein,but negative for c-kit,or *** tumor was the smallest among the reported *** the primary hepatic schwannoma is small in size,preopera- tive clinical diagnosis is ***,this disease should be listed as differential diagnosis for liver tumor with clinically benign characteristics.

关键词： Liver Schwannoma Benign liver tumor

Chemotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in the sorafenib age

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第15期20卷 4151-4159页

作者： Koji Miyahara kazuhiro Nouso Kazuhide yamamoto Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Okayama University Graduate School of MedicineDentistryand Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayama-cityOkayama 700-8558Japan Department of Molecular Hepatology Okayama University Graduate School of MedicineDentistryand Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayama-cityOkayama 700-8558Japan

The kinase inhibitor sorafenib is the only systemic therapy proven to have a positive effect on survival of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).After development of sorafenib and its introduction as a therapeutic agent used in the clinic,several critical questions have been *** parameters and biomarkers predicting sorafenib efficacy are the most important issues that need to be *** it is difficult to know the responders in advance using conventional characteristics of patients,there are specific serum cytokines and/or gene amplification in tumor tissues that have been reported to predict efficacy of *** and benefits of continuation of sorafenib beyond radiological progression is another issue to consider because no other standard therapy for advanced HCC as yet *** addition,effectiveness of the expanded application of sorafenib is still controversial,although a few studies have shed some light on combinational treatment with sorafenib for intermediate-stage ***,over 50 relevant drugs have been developed and are currently under *** efficacy of some of these drugs has been extensively examined,but none have demonstrated any superiority over sorafenib,so ***,there are several drugs that have shown efficacy for treatment after sorafenib failure,and these are proceeding to further *** address these issues and questions,we have done extensive literature review and summarize the most current status of therapeutic application of sorafenib.

关键词： Biomarker Molecular targeted therapy Clinical trial Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy Hepatocellular carcinoma Sorafenib

Circulating tumor DNA dynamics analysis in a xenograft mouse model with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第41期27卷 7134-7143页

作者： Hiroyuki Terasawa Hideaki Kinugasa kazuhiro Nouso Shumpei yamamoto Mami Hirai Takehiro Tanaka Akinobu Takaki Hiroyuki Okada Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Okayama University Graduate School of MedicineDentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayama 7008558Japan Department of Pathology Okayama University Graduate School of MedicineDentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayama 7008558Japan

BACKGROUND It remains unclear which factors,such as tumor volume and tumor invasion,influence circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA),and the origin of ctDNA in liquid biopsy is always *** use liquid biopsies clinically,it will be very important to address these *** To assess the origin of ctDNA,clarify the dynamics of ctDNA levels,assess ctDNA levels by using a xenograft mouse after treatment,and to determine whether tumor volume and invasion are related to ctDNA *** Tumor xenotransplants were established by inoculating BALB/c-nu/nu mice with the TE11 cell *** of mice were injected with xenografts at two or four sites and sacrificed at the appropriate time point after xenotransplantation for ctDNA *** of ctDNA was performed by droplet digital PCR,using the human telomerase reverse transcriptase(hTERT)*** Mice given two-site xenografts were sacrificed for ctDNA at week 4 and week *** hTERT was detected at week 4,but it was detected at week ***,in four-site xenograft mice,hTERT was detected both at week 4 and week *** experiments revealed that both tumor invasion and tumor volume were asso ciated with the detection of *** resection experiments,hTERT was detected at resection,but had decreased by 6 h,and was no longer detected 1 and 3 d after *** We clarified the origin and dynamics of ctDNA,showing that tumor volume is an important *** also found that when the tumor was completely resected,ctDNA was absent after one or more days.

关键词： Liquid biopsy Circulating tumor DNA Xenograft Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Dynamics of circulating tumor DNA

Effects of Microstructural Modification Using Friction Stir Processing on Fatigue Strength of Butt-Welded Joints for High-Strength Steels

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2018年第7期9卷 625-636页

作者： Hajime yamamoto kazuhiro Ito Joining and Welding Research Institute Osaka University Osaka Japan

Friction stir processing (FSP) is an effective surface-microstructure modification technique using a rotational tool to refine and homogenize microstructure of metallic materials. In this study, FSP was conducted on the surface of the heat-affected zone (HAZ), which is a region exhibiting degraded mechanical properties and shown to have microstructural changes, of butt-welded joints for two high-strength steels with tensile strength grades of 490 MPa and 780 MPa (hereafter HT490 and HT780, respectively). Inhomogeneous mixing of materials derived from weld metals and base metals (BMs) in a stir zone (SZ) produced inhomogeneous distribution of elements and microstructure depending on the set of the advancing side and retreating side in the SZs. The welded joints with FSP for HT490 exhibited higher hardness than that of the BM through whole of the SZ surface (fine polygonal ferrite grains and bainite structure with laths at the Mn-rich and Mn-poor regions, respectively). On the other hand, those for HT780 exhibited the minimum hardness value similar to that of the BM at the SZ surface (a few polygonal ferrite grains in the matrix of martensite laths). Fatigue strength increased by about 35 MPa and 15 MPa in stress amplitude at 107 cycles as fatigue limit due to FSP. Fatigue failure occurred at the BM and the SZ, respectively, in the welded joints modified by FSP for HT490 and HT780, in comparison with the HAZs in the as-welded joints for both grade steels. The difference in fatigue strength increase due to FSP and failure location between the welded joints for HT490 and HT780 can be attributed to the topmost SZ microstructures and their distribution.

关键词： Friction Stir Processing (FSP) High-Strength Steel Fatigue Strength Grain Refinement Post-Weld Treatment