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Effectiveness of nature reserves for bird conservation in urban parks in Tokyo

Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第5期32卷 2011-2022页

作者： kazuhiro katoh Misako Matsuba The Open University of Japan Wakaba 2-11Mihama-kuChiba City 261-8586Japan Research Institute for Global Change Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and TechnologyNatsushima-cho 2-15Yokosuka-CityKanagawa 237-0061Japan

In some urban parks in Tokyo,semi-natural habitat patches are maintained as nature reserves for birds,called bird *** censuses and vegetation surveys were conducted in eight urban parks in Tokyo from December 2015 to July 2016 to determine the effectiveness of bird sanctuaries on avian species *** relationship between avian species composition and environmental conditions was analyzed by partial redundancy analysis(partial RDA)using vegetation variables,number of visitors,presence or absence of reserves within the same park,area of wooded parts,and normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)in the surrounding *** results of the partial RDA are as follows:(1)Area,lower vegetation cover,higher vegetation cover,tree species composition obtained from detrended correspondence analysis(DCA)on vegetation survey data,and NDVI in the surrounding area were considered as covariates and explained 17.4-33.6%of the total variation in bird species composition,(2)The presence or absence of sanctuary significantly explained bird species compositional variation regardless of season,indicating that the sanctuaries were beneficial for urban avoider species not only in the sanctuaries but also in the surrounding wooded area,and(3)Tree coverage within a 100 m range and leaf litter coverage also influenced avian species *** concluded that bird sanctuaries and other nature reserves can be beneficial to bird conservation,even within *** positive effect of sanctuaries could be due to the limited influence of human presence and the developed vegetation within *** reserves may play the role of core habitats within the studied urban parks.

关键词： Avian species composition Leaf litter Nature reserve Tree coverage Urban biodiversity Vegetation structure

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Background-Free Optical Sampling System Using Si Avalanche Photodiode as Two-Photon Absorber

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 587-588页

作者： Kenji Taira Ryo Ohta Yasuyuki Ozeki Yutaka Fukuchi kazuhiro katoh Kazuro Kikuchi Optical Device Laboratory Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-Ku Tokyo 153-8904 JapanOptical Device Laboratory Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-Ku Tokyo 153-8904 JapanOptical Device Laboratory Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-Ku Tokyo 153-8904 JapanOptical Device Laboratory Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-Ku Tokyo 153-8904 JapanOptical Device Laboratory Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-Ku Tokyo 153-8904 JapanOptical Device Laboratory Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-Ku Tokyo 153-8904 Japan

The introduction of a double-chopping scheme eliminates the background level in the optical sampling system, where a Si avalanche photodiode acts as a two-photon absorber. We successfully demonstrate background-free o... 详细信息

关键词： APD of for in as TPA Background-Free Optical Sampling System Using Si Avalanche Photodiode as Two-Photon Absorber EAM GHz test were dBm rate MLL

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Interferon alpha plus ribavirin combination treatment of Japanese chronic hepatitis C patients with HCV genotype 2:A project of the Kyushu University Liver Disease Study Group

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第5期12卷 784-790页

作者： Norihiro Furusyo Masaki katoh Yuichi Tanabe Eiji Kajiwara Toshihiro Maruyama Junya Shimono Hironori Sakai Makoto Nakamuta Hideyuki Nomura Akihide Masumoto Shinji Shimoda kazuhiro Takahashi Koichi Azuma Jun Hayashi Kyushu University Liver Disease Study Group Department of General Medicine Kyushu University HospitalFukuokaJapan Department of Medicine Fukuoka City HospitalFukuokaJapan Department of Internal Medicine Nippon Steel Yawata Memorial HospitalKitakyushuJapan Department of Medicine Kitakyushu Municipal Medical CenterKitakyushuJapan Department of Medicine Yahata Saiseikai HospitalKitakyushuJapan Department of Gastroenterology National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical CenterFukuokaJapan Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan Department of Internal Medicine ShinKokura HospitalKitakyushuJapan Department of Clinical Research National Hospital OrganizationKokura HospitalKitakyushuJapan Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan Department of Medicine Hamanomachi HospitalFukuokaJapan Department of Medicine and Clinical Science Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan

AIM： To determine the efficacy of an interferon alpha and ribavirin combination treatment for Japanese patients infected with hepatitis C virus （HCV） of genotype 2, a multi-center study was retrospectively analyzed. METHODS： In total, 173 patients with HCV genotype 2 started to receive interferon-alpha subcutaneously thrice a week and 600-800 mg of ribavirin daily for 24 wk. RESULTS： The overall sustained virological response （SVR）, defined as undetectable HCV RNA in serum, 24 wk after the end of treatment, was remarkably high by 84.4%, （146/173） by an intention-to-treat analysis. A significant difference in SVR was found between patients with and without the discontinuation of ribavirin （46.9% vs 92.9 %）, but no difference was found between those with and without a dose reduction of ribavirin. A significant difference in SVR was also found between patients with less than 16 wk and patients with 16 or more weeks of ribavirin treatment （34.8 % vs 92.0 %）. CONCLUSION： The 24-wk interferon and ribavirin treatment is highly effective for Japanese patients with HCV genotype 2. The significant predictor of SVR is continuation of the ribavirin treatment for up to 16

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Interferon Ribavirin Genotype 2

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