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Vacuum Insulation and Achievement of 980 keV,185 A/m^2 H-Ion Beam Acceleration at JAEA for the ITER Neutral Beam Injector

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Plasma Science and Technology 2013年第2期15卷 179-183页

作者： Hiroyuki TOBARI Masaki TANIGUCHI Mieko KASHIWAGI Masayuki DAIRAKU Naotaka UMEDA Haruhiko YAMANAKA Kazuki TSUCHIDA Jumpei TAKEMOTO kazuhiro watanabe Takashi INOUE Keishi SAKAMOTO Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) Mukouyama 801-1 Naka Ibaraki 311-1093 Japan

Abstract Vacuum insulation of -1 MV is a common issue for the HV bushing and the accel- erator for the ITER neutral beam injector （NBI）. The HV bushing as an insulating feedthrough has a five-stage structure and each stage consists of double-layered insulators. To sustain -1 MV in vacuum, reduction of electric field at several triple points existing around the double-layered insulators is a critical issue. To reduce electric field simultaneously at these points, three types of stress ring have been developed. In a voltage holding test of a full-scale mockup equipped with these stress rings, 120% of rated voltage was sustained and the voltage holding capability required in ITER was verified. In the MeV accelerator, whose target is the acceleration of a H- ion beam of 1 MeV, 200 A/mS, the gap between the grid support was extended to suppress breakdowns triggered by electric field concentration at the edge and corner of the grid support. This modi- fication improved the voltage holding capability in vacuum, and the MeV accelerator succeeded in sustaining -1 MV stably, b-~rthermore, it appeared that the H- ions beam was deflected and a part of the beam was intercepted at the acceleration grid, This causes high heat load on the grids and breakdowns during beam acceleration. To suppress the direct interception, a new grid was designed with proper aperture displacement based on a three dimensional beam trajectory analysis, As a result, 980 keV, 185 A/ms H- ion beam acceleration has been demonstrated, which is close to the ITER requirement.

关键词： neutral beam injector (NBI) negative ion beam HV bushing vacuum insu-lation

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Post-polypectomy bleeding and thromboembolism risks associated with warfarin vs direct oral anticoagulants

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第14期24卷 1540-1549页

作者： Naohiro Yanagisawa Naoyoshi Nagata kazuhiro watanabe Tatsuhiro Iida Mariko Hamada Sakurako Kobayashi Takuro Shimbo Junichi Akiyama Naomi Uemura Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyo 162-8655Japan Ohta Nishinouchi Hospital Fukushima 963-8022Japan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and MedicineKohnodai HospitalChiba 272-8516Japan

AIM To verify the validity of the endoscopy guidelines for patients taking warfarin or direct oral anticoagulants(DOAC).METHODS We collected data from 218 patients receiving oral anticoagulants(73 DOAC users, 145 warfarin users) and 218 patients not receiving any antithrombotics(age-and sexmatched controls) who underwent polypectomy.(1) We evaluated post-polypectomy bleeding(PPB) risk in patients receiving warfarin or DOAC compared with controls;(2) we assessed the risks of PPB and thromboembolism between three AC management methods: Discontinuing AC with heparin bridge(HPB)(endoscopy guideline recommendation), continuing AC, and discontinuing AC without *** PPB rate was significantly higher in warfarin users and DOAC users compared with controls(13.7% and 13.7% vs 0.9%, P < 0.001), but was not significantly different between rivaroxaban(13.2%), dabigatran(11.1%), and apixaban(13.3%) users. Two thromboembolic events occurred in warfarin users, but none in DOAC users. Compared with the continuing anticoagulant group, the discontinuing anticoagulant with HPB group(guideline recommendation) had a higher PPB rate(10.8% vs 19.6%, P = 0.087). These findings were significantly evident in warfarin but not DOAC users. One thrombotic event occurred in the discontinuing anticoagulant with HPB group and the discontinuing anticoagulant without HPB group; none occurred in the continuing anticoagulant *** PPB risk was similar between patients taking warfarin and DOAC. Thromboembolism was observed in warfarin users only. The guideline recommendations for HPB should be re-considered.

关键词： High-risk endoscopic procedures Novel oral anticoagulants Endoscopic guideline validation Postprocedure gastrointestinal bleeding

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Anchor-wire technique for multiple plastic biliary stents to prevent stent dislocation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第28期17卷 3366-3368页

作者： Tsuyoshi Hamada Yousuke Nakai Saburo Matsubara Hiroyuki Isayama Akiko Narita kazuhiro watanabe Yukihiro Koike Shigeo Matsukawa Tateo Kawase Kazuhiko Koike Department of Gastroenterology Kanto Central Hospital Department of Gastroenterology Graduate School of MedicineThe University of Tokyo

In endoscopic placement of multiple plastic biliary stents (PBSs),we sometimes experience proximal dislocation of the first PBS at the time of subsequent PBS *** describe the case of a 79-year-old male with obstructive jaundice caused by cholangiocarcinoma who needed to receive multiple PBS placements for management of *** proximal dislocation of the first PBS was observed,we prevented the dislocation via our technique of using guidewire inserted from the distal end of the first PBS to the side hole as the *** could complete this technique only by inserting guidewire through the side hole of the first PBS during the process of releasing the first PBS and pulling out the guidewire and the inner *** did not matter whether the anchor-wire went towards the third portion of the duodenum or the duodenal *** we introduce this "anchor-wire technique",which is useful for the prevention of PBS proximal dislocation in placing multiple PBSs.

关键词：技术支架错位胆道塑料锚 PBS 十二指肠

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Long-term efficacy of endoscopic coagulation for different types of gastric vascular ectasia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第18期19卷 2799-2805页

作者： Yukinori Imai Yoshie Mizuno Kiyoko Yoshino kazuhiro watanabe Kayoko Sugawara Daisuke Motoya Masashi Oka Satoshi Mochida Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Faculty of Medicine Saitama Medical University Saitama 350-0495 Japan

AIM: To examine the long-term therapeutic efficacies of endoscopic cauterization for gastric vascular ectasia, according to the type of lesion. METHODS: Thirty-eight patients with hemorrhagic gastric vascular ectasia (VE) were treated by endoscopic cauterization: 13 by heater probe coagulationand 25 by argon plasma coagulation. Depending on the number of lesions, 14 and 24 patients were classified into localized VE (≤ 10; LVE) and extensive VE (> 10; EVE), respectively. The patients were followedup by repeated endoscopic examinations after the therapy, and the incidences of VE recurrence and rebleeding from the lesions were evaluated. RESULTS: Although the VE lesions disappeared initially in all the patients after the therapy, the recurrence of VE developed in 25 patients (66%) over a mid-term observation period of 32 mo, and re-bleeding occurred in 15 patients (39%). The recurrence of VE was found in all patients with EVE, with re-bleeding occurring in 14 patients (58%). In contrast, only 1 patient (7%) with LVE showed recurrence of the lesions and complicating hemorrhage. Both the cumulative recurrence-free rates and cumulative re-bleeding-free rates were significantly lower in the EVE group than in the LVE group (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Moreover, the cumulative re-bleeding-free rate in the EVE group was 47.6% at 1 year and 25.4% at 2 years in patients with chronic renal failure, which were significantly lower than the rates in the patients without chronic renal failure (83.3% and 74.1%, respectively) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The recurrence of VE and re-bleeding from the lesions was more frequent in the patients with EVE, especially in those with complicating renal failure.

关键词： Gastric vascular ectasia Heater probe coagulation Argon plasma coagulation Renal failure Recurrence

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Effects of Elasticity on Wall Shear Stress in Patient-Specific Aneurysm of Cerebral Artery

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Journal of Flow Control, Measurement & Visualization 2019年第2期7卷 73-86页

作者： Ryuhei Yamaguchi Taihei Kotani Gaku Tanaka Simon Tupin Kahar Osman Nadia Shaira Shafii Ahmad Zahran Md Khudzari kazuhiro watanabe Hitomi Anzai Atsushi Saito Makoto Ohta Institute of Fluid Science Tohoku University Miyagi Japan Graduate School of Engineering Chiba University Chiba Japan School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru Malaysia Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Tohoku University Miyagi Japan Department of Neurosurgery Sendai Medical Center Miyagi Japan

The behavior of wall shear stress (WSS) was previously reported in a deformable aneurysm model using fluid-structure interactions. However, these findings have not been validated. In the present study, we examined the effect of elasticity (i.e., deformation) on wall shear stress inside a cerebral aneurysm at the apex of a bifurcation using particle image velocimetry in vitro. The flow model simulated a human patient-specific aneurysm at the apex of the bifurcation of the middle cerebral artery. Flow characteristics by wall elasticity were examined for both elastic and non-deformable aneurysm models with pulsatile blood flow. The absolute temporally- and spatially-averaged WSS along the bleb wall was smaller in the elastic model than that in the non-deformable model. This small WSS may be related to attenuation of the WSS. Further, the WSS gradient had a finite value near the stagnation point of the aneurysm dome. Finally, the WSS gradient near the stagnation point was slightly smaller in the elastic model than that in the non-deformable model. These data suggest that elasticity of the aneurysm wall can affect the progression and rupture of aneurysms via hemodynamic stress.

关键词： Cerebral Aneurysm Elasticity Particle Image Velocimetry Wall Shear Stress

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Predictive findings forHelicobacter pylori-uninfected, -infected and -eradicated gastric mucosa: Validation study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第27期19卷 4374-4379页

作者： kazuhiro watanabe Naoyoshi Nagata Ryo Nakashima Etsuko Furuhata Takuro Shimbo Masao Kobayakawa Toshiyuki Sakurai Koh Imbe Ryota Niikura Chizu Yokoi Junichi Akiyama Naomi Uemura Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and Medicine Department of Clinical Research and Informatics National Center for Global Health and Medicine Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and MedicineKohnodai Hospital

AIM:To validate the usefulness of screening endoscopy findings for predictingHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection status. METHODS:H. pylori infection status was determined by histology, serology, and the urea breast test in 77 consecutive patients who underwent upper endoscopy. Based on the findings, patients were categorized as H. pylori -uninfected, -infected, or -eradicated cases. Using six photos of certain sites in the stomach per case, we determined the presence or absence of the following endoscopic findings:regular arrangement of collecting venules (RAC), linear erythema, hemorrhage, fundic gland polyp (FGP), atrophic change, rugal hyperplasia, edema, spotty erythema, exudate, xanthoma, and mottled patchy erythema (MPE). The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and inter-observer agreement (Kappa value) for these 11 endoscopic findings used in the determination of H. pylori infection status were calculated. RESULTS:Of the 77 patients [32 men and 45 women; mean age (SD), 39.7 (13.4) years] assessed, 28 were H. pylori uninfected, 28 were infected, and 21 were eradicated. DOR values were significantly high (< 0.05) for the following H. pylori cases:uninfected cases with RAC (11.5), linear erythema (24.5), hemorrhage (4.1), and FGP (34.5); for infected cases with atrophic change (8.67), rugal hyperplasia (15.8), edema (14.2), spotty erythema (11.5), and exudate (3.52); and for eradicated cases with atrophic change (32.4) and MPE (103.0). Kappa values were excellent for FGP (0.93), good for RAC (0.63), hemorrhage (0.79), atrophic change (0.74), and MPE (0.75), moderate for linear erythema (0.51), rugal hyperplasia (0.49), edema (0.58), spotty erythema (0.47), and exudate (0.46), and poor for xanthoma (0.19). CONCLUSION:The endoscopic findings of RAC, hemorrhage, FGP, atrophic change, and MPE will be useful for predicting H. pylori infection status.

关键词： Diagnostic odds ratio Endoscopic finding Eradication therapy Helicobacter pylori Inter-observer agreement

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Impact of discontinuing non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs on long-term recurrence in colonic diverticular bleeding

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第4期21卷 1292-1298页

作者： Naoyoshi Nagata Ryota Niikura Tomonori Aoki Takuro Shimbo Katsunori Sekine Hidetaka Okubo kazuhiro watanabe Toshiyuki Sakurai Chizu Yokoi Junichi Akiyama Mikio Yanase Masashi Mizokami Naomi Uemura Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyo 162-8655Japan Department of Clinical Research and Informatics National Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyo 162-8655Japan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and MedicineKohnodai HospitalChiba 272-8516Japan

AIM: To determine the effect of discontinuing nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs(NSAIDs) on recurrence in long-term follow-up patients with colonic diverticular bleeding(CDB).METHODS: A cohort of 132 patients hospitalized for CDB examined by colonoscopy was prospectively enrolled. Comorbidities, lifestyle, and medications(NSAIDs, low-dose aspirin, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, acetaminophen, and corticosteroids) were assessed. After discharge, patients were requested to visit the hospital on scheduled days during the followup period. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate ***: Median follow-up was 15 mo. The probability of recurrence at 1, 6, 12, and 24 mo was 3.1%, 19%, 27%, and 38%, respectively. Of the 41 NSAID users on admission, 26(63%) discontinued NSAID use at discharge. Many of the patients who could discontinue NSAIDs were intermittent users, and could be switched to alternative therapies, such as acetaminophen or an antiinflammatory analgesic plaster. The probability of recurrence at 12 mo was 9.4% in discontinuing NSAID users compared with 77% in continuing users(P 70 years, right-sided diverticula, history of hypertension, and hemodialysis. No patients developed cerebrocardiovascular events during ***: There is a substantial recurrence rate after discharge among patients hospitalized for diverticular bleeding. Discontinuation of NSAIDs is an effective preventive measure against recurrence. This study provides new information on risk reduction strategies for diverticular bleeding.

关键词： Non-steroidal anti-inflammatories Drug withdrawal

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Risk factors for adverse in-hospital outcomes in acute colonic diverticular hemorrhage

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第37期21卷 10697-10703页

作者： Naoyoshi Nagata Ryota Niikura Tomonori Aoki Shiori Moriyasu Toshiyuki Sakurai Takuro Shimbo Katsunori Sekine Hidetaka Okubo kazuhiro watanabe Chizu Yokoi Junichi Akiyama Mikio Yanase Masashi Mizokami Kazuma Fujimoto Naomi Uemura Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and Medicine Department of Clinical Research and Informatics National Center for Global Health and Medicine Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital Kohnodai Department of Internal Medicine and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Saga Medical School

AIM: To investigate the factors associated with transfusion, further bleeding, and prolonged length of ***: In total, 153 patients emergently hospitalized for diverticular bleeding who were examined by colonoscopy were prospectively enrolled. Patients in whom the bleeding source was identified received endoscopic treatment such as clipping or endoscopic ligation. After spontaneous cessation of bleeding withconservative treatment or hemostasis with endoscopic treatment, all patients were started on a liquid food diet and gradually progressed to a solid diet over 3d, and were discharged. At enrollment, we assessed smoking, alcohol, medications [non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)], low-dose aspirin, and other antiplatelets, warfarin, acetaminophen, and oral corticosteroids), and co-morbidities [hypertension,diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, cerebro-cardiovascular disease, chronic liver disease, and chronic kidney disease(CKD)]. The in-hospital outcomes were need for transfusion, further bleeding after spontaneous cessation of hemorrhage, and length of hospital *** odds ratio(OR) for transfusion need, further bleeding, and prolonged length of stay were estimated by logistic regression ***: No patients required angiographic embolization or surgery. Stigmata of bleeding occurred in 18% of patients(27/153) and was treated by endoscopic procedures. During hospitalization, 40patients(26%) received a median of 6 units of packed red blood cells. Multivariate analysis revealed that female sex(OR = 2.5, P = 0.02), warfarin use(OR= 9.3, P 70years(OR = 2.1, P = 0.04) and NSAID use(OR = 2.7,P = 0.03) were

关键词： In-hospital adverse clinical outcomes Antithrombot

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Target Detection Improvement in Distance Measurement System Using Two Rotatable Cameras for FPSO

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2013年第5期3卷 290-297页

作者： Yoshinobu Hagiwara Akio Kita Akimasa Suzuki Yongwoon Choi kazuhiro watanabe Department of Information System Engineering Soka University Tokyo 192-8577 Japan

This paper describes target detection improvement in a distance measurement system using two rotatable cameras for floating production, storage and offloading (FPSO) facilities. The authors have developed a distance measurement system that consists of two rotatable cameras on a ship and a target on a wharf for the automatic berthing of ships. This system measures a distance by detecting and tracking the target on the wharf using the two rotatable cameras on the ship. Our goal is to apply this distance measurement system to an automatic relative positioning system for a ship at an FPSO facility. In this application, the shape of the target in the images captured by the cameras is deformed by their relative positions and attitudes, which increases the measurement errors. To solve this problem, we propose a target detection method that improves the target deformations. The proposed target detection method is able to detect the deformed targets using a target database that is created by image conversion with the perspective projection of a reference target. By using the proposed target detection method, the distance measurement error is decreased. Experimental results on a miniature scale and in an indoor environment confirmed that the measurement error of the relative distance is decreased by using the proposed target detection method.

关键词：目标检测测量系统探测距离 FPSO 自动测距系统相机转动储油设施

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Clearance of the liver remnant predicts short-term outcome in patients undergoing resection of hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第38期28卷 5614-5625页

作者： Atsushi Miki Yasunaru Sakuma Hideyuki Ohzawa Akira Saito Yoshiyuki Meguro Jun watanabe Kazue Morishima kazuhiro Endo Hideki Sasanuma Atsushi Shimizu Alan Kawarai Lefor Yoshikazu Yasuda Naohiro Sata Department of Surgery Jichi Medical UniversityShimotsuke 329-0498TochigiJapan

BACKGROUND Estimation of the functional reserve of the remnant liver is important to reduce morbidity and *** To estimate the functional reserve of the remnant liver in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS We reviewed the medical records of 199 patients who underwent resection of *** clearance of the remnant liver was calculated using fusion images of 99mTc-labelled galactosyl-human serum albumin liver scintigraphy and computed *** liver failure(PHLF)was classified according to the International Study Group of Liver *** was classified according to Clavien–Dindo *** analyzed by the risk factors for PHLF,morbidity and mortality with multivariate *** Twenty-seven(30%)patients had major complications and 23(12%)developed *** incidence of major complications increased with increasing albumin–bilirubin(ALBI)*** area under the curve values for hepatic clearance of the remnant liver,liver to heart-plus-liver radioactivity at 15 min(LHL15),and ALBI score predicting PHLF were 0.868,0.629,and 0.655,*** area under the curve for hepatic clearance of the remnant liver,LHL15,and ALBI score predicting major complications were 0.758,0.594,and 0.647,*** risk factors for PHLF and major complications were hepatic clearance of the remnant liver and intraoperative *** The measurement of hepatic clearance may predict PHLF and major complications for patients undergoing resection of HCC.

关键词： Liver function Hepatectomy Cirrhosis Fusion image Complication Mortality

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