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Development of a Functional Food Product Using Guavas

Food and Nutrition Sciences 2016年第10期7卷 927-937页

作者： Priyanka Patel kayla Ellis Rajitha Sunkara loius Shackelford Simon Ogutu lloyd T. Walker Josh Herring Martha Verghese Nutritional Biochemistry and Product Development laboratories Department of Food and Animal Sciences Alabama A&M University Normal AL USA

The global market of functional foods and demand for a healthy lifestyle among consumers in recent years is growing. Guava is a highly perishable fruit and a rich source of vitamin C. Guava Cheese (GC) is a semi-solid concentrated fruit product that could be consumed as a snack. The objectives were to develop a guava cheese (GC) and determine the antioxidant potential of the product. Formulation consisted of guava puree with added sucrose or agave, chia seeds and almonds. Pectin was added at select concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%) along with citric acid to enhance the consistency of GC. Physiochemical and sensory parameters were analyzed for extended shelf life (3 months) studies. Moisture content, pH, water activity, color (l*, a*, b*) and texture profile analysis (hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness) did not change over the 90-day period. Ash, protein and fat contents of 0% pectin were 2% lower than GC with pectin. Sensory parameters (firmness, mouthfeel, flavor and overall acceptability) of GC 0% pectin and 1% GC were similar. Total content in 0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% pectin added GC were 150.49 ± 32.76, 340.17 ± 54.65, 346.39 ± 53.04, and 355.72 ± 14.24 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/100g. Flavonoid content in 0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% GC were 159.73 ± 13.31, 332.77 ± 13.31, 341.65 ± 15.37, and 350.52 ± 16.60 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/100g. Similarly, antioxidant of potential measure by DPPH radical scavenging was similar in all samples (IC50 at 0.8 mg/ml). Guava cheese may be utilized as a healthy fruit snack because of added alternative sweeteners and functional ingredients to obtain health benefits. Adding pectin to guava cheese improved functionality by increasing antioxidant potential as well as physical properties.

关键词： Guava Guava Cheese Functional Food Antioxidants TPA

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lC-HRMS Based Non-Targeted Metabolomic Profiling of Wheat (<I>Triticum aestivum</I>l.) under Post-Anthesis Drought Stress

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第12期8卷 3024-3061页

作者： Mohammad Atikur Rahman Masum Akond Md Ali Babar Chris Beecher John Erickson kayla Thomason Felice A De Jong Richard Esten Mason Agronomy Department IFAS University of Florida Gainesville FL USA Southeast Center for Integrated Metabolomics (SECIM) University of Florida Gainesville FL USA IROA Technologies llC Ann Arbor MI USA Crop Soil and Environmental Sciences University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA

Drought stress at the reproductive stage causes severe damage to productivity of wheat. However, little is known about the metabolites associated with drought tolerance. The objectives of this study were to elucidate changes in metabolite levels in wheat under drought, and to identify potential metabolites associated with drought stress through untargeted metabolomic profiling using a liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (lC-HRMS)-based technique called Isotopic Ratio Outlier Analysis. Metabolomic analysis was performed on flag leaves of drought-stressed and control (well-watered) plants after 18 days of post-anthesis drought stress at three-hour intervals over a 24-hour period. Out of 723 peaks detected in leaves, 221 were identified as known metabolites. Sixty known metabolites were identified as important metabolites by 3 different methods, PlS-DA, RF and SAM. The most pronounced accumulation due to drought stress was demonstrated by tryptophan, proline, pipecolate and linamarin, whereas the most pronounced decrease was demonstrated by serine, trehalose, N-acetyl-glutamic acid, DIBOA-glucoside etc. Three different patterns of metabolite accumulation were observed over 24-hour period. The increased accumulated metabolites remained higher during all 8 time points in drought stressed leaves. On the contrary, metabolites that showed decreased level remained significantly lower during all or the most time points. However, the levels of some decreased metabolites were lower during the day, but higher during night in drought stressed leaves. Both univariate and multivariate analyses predicted that N-acetyl-glutamic acid, proline, pipecolate, linamarin, tryptophan, and DIBOA-glucoside could be potential metabolite biomarkers, and their levels could serve as indicators of drought tolerance in wheat.

关键词： Drought Post-Anthesis Wheat Metabolites lC-MS

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A life Cycle Assessment Based Evaluation of a Coupled Wastewater Treatment and Biofuel Production Paradigm

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第9期4卷 1018-1033页

作者： Monica C. Rothermel Amy E. landis William J. Barr Kullapa Soratana kayla M. Reddington Matthew K. Weschler Grace Witter Willie F. Harper De- partment of Systems Engineering and Management Air Force Institute of Technology WPAFB USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh USA School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment Global Institute of Sustainability Arizona State University Engineering G-Wing Tempe USA

A laboratory experiment was performed to determine the feasibility of coupling a conventional wastewater treatment system with an algal photobioreactor (PBR) for the removal of nutrients from wastewater and production of renewable resources. An activated sludge batch reactor was set up in series with an algal PBR to feed synthetic wastewater to Chlorella vulgaris. The nutrient concentration in the water as well as lipid content, carbohydrate content, and growth rate of the algal biomass were tested over 10 cycles to determine the capabilities of the coupled system. The study revealed complete nutrient removal in some cycles, with the average final nutrient content of 2 mg-P/l and 3 mg-N/l in effluent of the PBR. The algae biomass contained 24% ± 3% lipids and 26% ± 7% carbohydrates by dry weight. A life cycle assessment revealed the highest energy demand occurred during harvesting of the algal mixture through centrifugation or filtration, but the highest global warming and eutrophication impacts were due to CO2 use and PBR construction material production. It is feasible for the system to treat wastewater while generating renewable resources, but the system must be optimized to reduce life cycle environmental impacts and result in a net energy gain before large-scale implementation is possible.

关键词： Wastewater Biofuels life Cycle Assessment Nitrogen Carbohydrate

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Rapid detection of Cactus X virus in pitaya by an efficient reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification

Rapid detection of Cactus X virus in pitaya by an efficient ...

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中国植物病理学会2015年学术年会

作者： ZHANG Yu-liang HUANG Qi-xing YIN Guo-hua lUO Yingping kayla K.Pennerman lAI Ding-wang YU Nai-tong lIU Zhi-xin Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences College of Environment and Plant Protection Hainan University

Cactus X virus(CVX) is a recently reported virus in pitaya,and it can seriously damage pitaya’s yield and ***,it is very important and urgent to establish an efficient approach to identify and diagnose CVX in the field for practical *** to the CVX genome sequence in GenBank(accession ***02815),three pairs of primers for reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification(RT-lAMP) and another pair of primers for RTPCR were designed to detect this *** optimal reaction conditions including temperature,time,primer concentration,and amplification specificity and sensitivity were also explored in this *** results indicated that the best lAMP reaction conditions are as follows:1.2 1.6(xM/l of internal primers,0.2 0.25 μM/l of external primers,0.4 0.8 μM/l of loop primers,and incubation at62℃/63℃ for 30 *** data also showed that the lAMP primers specifically target CVX virus and result in typical waterfall-like bands by gel electrophoresis and sigmoidal amplification *** primers cannot be used to amplify other non-specific plant viruses including Papaya ringspot virus(PRSV),Rice ragged stunt virus(RRSV),Sorghum mosaic virus(SrMV),and Southern rice blackstreaked dwarf virus(SRBSDV).Ten-fold serial dilutions of CVX cDNA indicated that lAMP is much faster and at least 100 times more sensitive than RT-PCR in detecting the *** waterfall-like bands can be directly observed by SYBR Green I,and the entire detection process can be finished within one *** identification,the majority of samples(86.7%) were positive for the CVX *** this study,we established an efficient RT-lAMP technology to identify CVX in the *** has many benefits such as low cost,high accuracy,high sensitivity and high *** technology meets the requirements for rapid analysis of plant virus diseases in the field to best guide management practices for growers.

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