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The mechanisms of color production in black skin versus red skin on the heads of new World vultures

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Avian Research 2023年第1期14卷 86-92页

作者： nicholas M.Justyn Matthew J.Powers Geoffrey E.Hill kayla Alexander Adrián naveda-Rodríguez Scott A.Rush Department of Biological Sciences Auburn UniversityAuburnALUSA College of Veterinary Medicine Mississippi State UniversityMississippiStateMSUSA Department of Wildlife Fisheriesand AquacultureMississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMSUSA

A determination of how the color of animal integument is produced is a starting point for investigations into the function and evolution of *** mechanisms that give rise to the color of bare skin of new World vultures are largely ***,we investigate the source of color production in the bare skin of Turkey Vultures(Cathartes aura)and Black Vultures(Coragyps atratus).Using UV-vis reflectance spectroscopy,we found evidence that hemoglobin is the primary pigment responsible for the red coloration of the bare skin on the heads of Turkey Vultures,and that eumelanin is responsible for the black coloration of the bare skin on the heads of Black *** microscopy of incisional skin samples further supported these mechanisms of color production by revealing the presence of numerous blood vessels near the surface of the Turkey Vulture skin,and a high concentration of melanosomes in the skin of Black *** high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),we detected carotenoids within the skin of both species with significantly higher total concentrations of carotenoids in the skin of Turkey Vultures compared to the skin of Black *** carotenoids detected were dietary carotenoids that typically produce yellow coloration when accumulated in integument and were present in low *** hypothesize that the dietary carotenoids present do not contribute to the color of the skin,but rather help to compensate for the lack of melanosomes found in Turkey Vulture *** presence of additional carotenoids may act as an antioxidant to minimize UV damage when the bare Turkey Vulture head skin is exposed to direct sunlight for prolonged periods of time when soaring and scavenging for food.

关键词： Carotenoids Cathartes aura Coragyps atratus Hemoglobin High performance liquid chromatography Melanosomes Skin biopsies

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Effect of obesity on post-operative outcomes following colorectal cancer surgery

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第7期14卷 1324-1336页

作者： Derek Mao David E Flynn Stephanie Yerkovich kayla Tran Usha Gurunathan Manju D Chandrasegaram Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of SydneySydney 2050New South WalesAustralia Department of General Surgery The Prince Charles HospitalBrisbane 4032QueenslandAustralia of Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbane 4006QueenslandAustralia Department of Pathology The Prince Charles HospitalBrisbane 4032QueenslandAustralia Department of Anaesthesia The Prince Charles HospitalBrisbane 4032QueenslandAustralia

BACKGROUnD Colorectal cancer(CRC)resection is currently being undertaken in an increasing number of obese *** studies have yet to reach a consensus as to whether obesity affects post-operative outcomes following CRC *** To evaluate the post-operative outcomes of obese patients following CRC resection,as well as to determine the post-operative outcomes of obese patients in the subgroup undergoing laparoscopic *** Six-hundred and fifteen CRC patients who underwent surgery at the Prince Charles Hospital between January 2010 and December 2020 were categorized into two groups based on body mass index(BMI):Obese[BMI≥30,n=182(29.6%)]and non-obese[BMIn=433(70.4%)].Demographics,comorbidities,surgical features,and post-operative outcomes were compared between both *** outcomes were also compared between both groups in the subgroup of patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery[n=472:BMI≥30,n=136(28.8%);BMIn=336(71.2%)].RESULTS Obese patients had a higher burden of cardiac(73.1%vs 56.8%;Pnd respiratory comorbidities(37.4%vs 26.8%;P=0.01).Obese patients were also more likely to undergo conversion to an open procedure(12.8%vs 5.1%;P=0.002),but did not experience more postoperative complications(51.6%vs 44.1%;P=0.06)or high-grade complications(19.2%vs 14.1%;P=0.11).In the laparoscopic subgroup,however,obesity was associated with a higher prevalence of post-operative complications(47.8%vs 39.3%;P=0.05)but not high-grade complications(17.6%vs 11.0%;P=0.07).COnCLUSIOn Surgical resection of CRC in obese individuals is safe.A higher prevalence of post-operative complications in obese patients appears to only be in the context of laparoscopic surgery.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Obesity Body mass index Post-operative outcomes Clavien-Dindo

Efficacy of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide in adolescents with subthreshold depression: interim analysis of a randomized controlled study

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neural Regeneration Research 2022年第7期17卷 1582-1587页

作者： Xiaoyue Li Xuan Mo Tao Liu Robin Shao kayla Teopiz Roger S.McIntyre Kwok-Fai So Kangguang Lin Department of Affective Disorders The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University(Guangzhou Huiai Hospital)GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Laboratory of Emotion and Cognition The Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University(Guangzhou Huiai Hospital)GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Psychiatry The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Canadian Rapid Treatment Center of Excellence MississaugaONCanada Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit Poul Hansen Family Centre for DepressionUniversityHealth NetworkTorontoONCanada Department of Psychiatry University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation TorontoONCanada Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of CnS Regeneration Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina neuroscience and neurorehabilitation Institute University of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina

Subthreshold depression is a highly prevalent condition in adolescents who are at high risk for developing major depressive *** preclinical models of neurological and psychiatric diseases,Lycium barbarum polysaccharide(LBP)extracted from Goji berries had antidepressant effects including but not limited to anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory ***,the effect of LBP on subthreshold depression is *** investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of LBP for treating subthreshold depression in adolescents,we conducted a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial(RCT)with 29 adolescents with subthreshold depression recruited at The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical *** participants were randomly assigned to groups where they received either 300 mg LBP(LBP group,n=15,3 boys and 12 girls aged 15.13±2.17 years)or a placebo(placebo group,n=14,2 boys and 12 girls aged 15±1.71 years)for 6 successive *** analyses revealed that the LBP group exhibited a greater change in Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD-24)scores relative to the baseline and a higher remission rate(HAMD-24 total score≤7)at 6 weeks compared with the placebo *** on the Beck Depression Inventory-II(BDI-II),Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),Kessler Psychological Distress Scale(Kessler),and Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Emotional Disorders(SCARED)were similar between the LBP and placebo *** side effects related to the intervention were reported in either *** results indicate that LBP administration reduced depressive symptoms in adolescents with subthreshold ***,LBP was well tolerated with no treatment-limiting adverse *** trials involving a larger sample size are needed to further confirm the anti-depressive effects of LBP in adolescents with subthreshold *** study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University(Guangzho

关键词： adolescents efficacy Goji berry Lycium barbarum polysaccharide randomized clinical trial safety subthreshold depression tolerance

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Climate drives differences in the germination niche of a globally distributed invasive grass

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第2期13卷 195-203页

作者： Rebecca A.Fletcher kayla M.Varnon Jacob n.Barney Virginia Tech School of Plant and Environmental Sciences675 Old Glade RdBlacksburgVA 24061USA

外来入侵物种在入侵地经常面临很强的选择压力,这常常导致种内变异。在生活史事件发生的时间上,种群分化对气候梯度的响应被认为是促进许多入侵物种扩张的重要机制。对于产生种子的植物来说,种子萌发的时间决定了萌芽所经历的第一个环... 详细信息

外来入侵物种在入侵地经常面临很强的选择压力,这常常导致种内变异。在生活史事件发生的时间上,种群分化对气候梯度的响应被认为是促进许多入侵物种扩张的重要机制。对于产生种子的植物来说,种子萌发的时间决定了萌芽所经历的第一个环境条件,这对入侵植物的成功定植、种群建立和传播具有重要意义——尽管对于萌发在植物入侵成功中所起的作用仍然知之甚少。在本研究中,我们评估了入侵植物石茅(Sorghum halepense)在北美分布的10个种群的种子萌发在温度和降水梯度上的动态变化,以及这种变化是否与本地气候有关。种子被放置于一个较宽的温度范围(11-48℃)以及两个水分梯度处理中。我们发现,石茅的种子可以在很宽的温度范围下萌发,但在不同的种群中,种子萌发的比例随温度和水分的不同而有较大的变化。有证据表明,当石茅的生长范围从温暖的气候扩展到寒冷的气候时,种子萌发温度的生态位也同时发生了向低温的转变。我们的研究结果表明,石茅种子的萌发已经适应了当地的气候,使其在整个生长范围内的萌发最大化,这可能是其入侵新环境的一个重要贡献因素。

关键词：适应种群变异石茅温度水分有效性

ULTRASHORT PULSE MULTISPECTRAL nOn-LInEAR OPTICAL MICROSCOPY

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2009年第1期2卷 27-35页

作者： ADAM M.LARSOn AnTHOnY LEE PO-FEnG LEE kayla J.BAYLESS ALVIn T.YEH Department of Biomedical Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TexasUSA Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine Texas A&M Health Science Center College Station TexasUSA

Ultrashort pulse,multispectral non-linear optical microscopy(nLOM)is developed and used to image,simultaneously,a mixed population of cells expressing different fluorescent protein mutants in a 3D tissue model of ***,sub-10-fs pulses are used to excite multiple fluorescent proteins and generate second harmonic in collagen.A 16-channel multispectral detector is used to delineate the multiple non-linear optical signals,pixel by pixel,in *** ability to image multiple fluorescent protein mutants and collagen,enables serial measurements of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions in our 3D tissue model and characterization of fundamental processes in angiogenic morphogenesis.

关键词： Two-photon excited fluorescence second harmonic generation multiple molecular imaging angiogenesis

iStent inject trabecular microbypass stent implantation with cataract extraction in open-angle glaucoma:early clinical experience

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Eye and Vision 2020年第3期7卷 266-274页

作者： Tanner J.Ferguson Zachary Dockter Adam Bleeker kayla L.Karpuk Justin Schweitzer Mitch J.Ibach John P.Berdahl Cole Eye Institute Cleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine Sioux FallsSDUSA Cleveland Eye Clinic ClevelandOHUSA Vance Thompson Vision Sioux FallsSDUSA

Background:Retrospective,consecutive case series to evaluate the implantation of two second-generation trabecular microbypass stents in combination with cataract surgery in a real-world,clinical ***:The series included 56 eyes implanted with the iStent inject device with *** series consisted of eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma(n=52)and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma(n=4).Primary outcome measures included intraocular pressure(IOP)and number of glaucoma *** outcomes included the need for secondary surgical intervention and the incidence of IOP spikes≥10 mmHg and≥15 ***:IOP was reduced by 21%to 14.7±2.9 mmHg(pnths postoperative from 18.7±5.8 mmHg at ***,the mean number of glaucoma medications was 1.5±0.9 and reduced by 39%to 0.9±1.2(pnths,68%of eyes had an IOP≤15 mmHg,increased from 30%at baseline.55%of eyes were medication-free at 6 months,up from 18%at *** were no severe postoperative *** eyes underwent an additional glaucoma ***:Implantation of the iStent inject device with concomitant cataract surgery effectively provides a sustained reduction in IOP with a markedly improved medication burden out to 6 months *** safety profile is excellent.

关键词： Micro-invasive glaucoma surgery Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery MIGS Trabecular microbypass stent Open-angle glaucoma

LC-HRMS Based non-Targeted Metabolomic Profiling of Wheat (<I>Triticum aestivum</I>L.) under Post-Anthesis Drought Stress

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第12期8卷 3024-3061页

作者： Mohammad Atikur Rahman Masum Akond Md Ali Babar Chris Beecher John Erickson kayla Thomason Felice A De Jong Richard Esten Mason Agronomy Department IFAS University of Florida Gainesville FL USA Southeast Center for Integrated Metabolomics (SECIM) University of Florida Gainesville FL USA IROA Technologies LLC Ann Arbor MI USA Crop Soil and Environmental Sciences University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR USA

Drought stress at the reproductive stage causes severe damage to productivity of wheat. However, little is known about the metabolites associated with drought tolerance. The objectives of this study were to elucidate changes in metabolite levels in wheat under drought, and to identify potential metabolites associated with drought stress through untargeted metabolomic profiling using a liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS)-based technique called Isotopic Ratio Outlier Analysis. Metabolomic analysis was performed on flag leaves of drought-stressed and control (well-watered) plants after 18 days of post-anthesis drought stress at three-hour intervals over a 24-hour period. Out of 723 peaks detected in leaves, 221 were identified as known metabolites. Sixty known metabolites were identified as important metabolites by 3 different methods, PLS-DA, RF and SAM. The most pronounced accumulation due to drought stress was demonstrated by tryptophan, proline, pipecolate and linamarin, whereas the most pronounced decrease was demonstrated by serine, trehalose, n-acetyl-glutamic acid, DIBOA-glucoside etc. Three different patterns of metabolite accumulation were observed over 24-hour period. The increased accumulated metabolites remained higher during all 8 time points in drought stressed leaves. On the contrary, metabolites that showed decreased level remained significantly lower during all or the most time points. However, the levels of some decreased metabolites were lower during the day, but higher during night in drought stressed leaves. Both univariate and multivariate analyses predicted that n-acetyl-glutamic acid, proline, pipecolate, linamarin, tryptophan, and DIBOA-glucoside could be potential metabolite biomarkers, and their levels could serve as indicators of drought tolerance in wheat.

关键词： Drought Post-Anthesis Wheat Metabolites LC-MS

A Life Cycle Assessment Based Evaluation of a Coupled Wastewater Treatment and Biofuel Production Paradigm

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第9期4卷 1018-1033页

作者： Monica C. Rothermel Amy E. Landis William J. Barr Kullapa Soratana kayla M. Reddington Matthew K. Weschler Grace Witter Willie F. Harper De- partment of Systems Engineering and Management Air Force Institute of Technology WPAFB USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh USA School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment Global Institute of Sustainability Arizona State University Engineering G-Wing Tempe USA

A laboratory experiment was performed to determine the feasibility of coupling a conventional wastewater treatment system with an algal photobioreactor (PBR) for the removal of nutrients from wastewater and production of renewable resources. An activated sludge batch reactor was set up in series with an algal PBR to feed synthetic wastewater to Chlorella vulgaris. The nutrient concentration in the water as well as lipid content, carbohydrate content, and growth rate of the algal biomass were tested over 10 cycles to determine the capabilities of the coupled system. The study revealed complete nutrient removal in some cycles, with the average final nutrient content of 2 mg-P/L and 3 mg-n/L in effluent of the PBR. The algae biomass contained 24% ± 3% lipids and 26% ± 7% carbohydrates by dry weight. A life cycle assessment revealed the highest energy demand occurred during harvesting of the algal mixture through centrifugation or filtration, but the highest global warming and eutrophication impacts were due to CO2 use and PBR construction material production. It is feasible for the system to treat wastewater while generating renewable resources, but the system must be optimized to reduce life cycle environmental impacts and result in a net energy gain before large-scale implementation is possible.

关键词： Wastewater Biofuels Life Cycle Assessment nitrogen Carbohydrate

MRI引导下经尿道超声前列腺适形治疗:应用于人体的初步可行性分析

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国际医学放射学杂志 2012年第6期 595-595页

作者： R.Chopra A.Colquhoun M.Burtnyk W.A.n'djin I.Kobelevskiy A.boyes 高晓 Imaging Research Sunnybrook Research Institute2075 Bayview AveRoom C713TorontoONCanada M4N3M5

摘要目的评价MRI引导下经尿道超声治疗人前列腺癌的可行性和安全性。材料与方法本试验性研究已获得伦理审查委员会的批准。8例局限性前列腺癌(Gleason评分≤7,前列腺特异抗原水平≤15μg/L)病人(年龄,49～60岁,平均60岁)入组,

关键词：尿道超声经尿道前列腺男生殖器 MRI 超声治疗