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Asymmetrical mate preference in recently adapted White Sands and black lava populations of Sceloporus undulatus

Current Zoology 2013年第1期59卷 20-30页

作者： kayla M. HARDWICK Jeanne M. ROBERTSON Erica Bree ROSENBLUM Department of Biological Sciences University of Idaho Moscow ID 83844 USA Department of Biology California State University Northridge CA 91330 USA Department of Environmental Science Policy and Management University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA

Speciation can proceed rapidly when natural and sexual selection act in concert. For example speciation can be ac- celerated when traits that confer a selective advantage in a particular habitat also influence mate preference. Studying parallel but evolutionarily independent instances of ecological divergence can illuminate the interaction between natural and sexual selection during speciation. Locally adapted populations of the eastern fence lizard Sceloporus undulatus have recently evolved in three different habitats in the Chihuahuan desert： blanched color morphs occur on the gypsum dunes of White Sands, melanic color morphs occur on the Carrizozo lava flow, and brown color morphs occur in the surrounding desert scrubland. In addition to dif- ferences in cryptic dorsal coloration, populations also differ in the size and color of ventral patches used for social signaling. This system therefore provides an opportunity to investigate the interplay of natural and sexual selection during rapid ecological speci- ation. We used mate preference experiments to determine whether locally adapted populations may exhibit the early stages of be- havioral reproductive isolation. We observed an asymmetrical mate preference in this system; White Sands males preferentially courted local females, while males from dark soils and black lava populations did not exhibit a preference for local mates. We also found that female behavior and ventral patch phenotype were associated with male courtship. Our results suggest that the observed preference for local mates evolved at White Sands, and we discuss the possible link between local adaptation and traits involved in mate preference in this system [Current Zoology 59 （1）： 20-30, 2013].

关键词： Eastem fence lizard Magic trait Ecological speciation Sexual signaling Courtship Mate preference asymmetry

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Climate drives differences in the germination niche of a globally distributed invasive grass

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第2期13卷 195-203页

作者： Rebecca A.Fletcher kayla M.Varnon Jacob N.Barney Virginia Tech School of Plant and Environmental Sciences675 Old Glade RdBlacksburgVA 24061USA

Aims Exotic invasive species are often exposed to strong selection pressures in their new ranges that can often lead to substantial intraspecific *** differentiation in the timing of life history events in response to climate gradients is thought to be an important mechanism facilitating the range expansion of many invasive *** seed producing plants,the timing of seed germination determines the first environmental conditions experienced by newly emerged germinates,and can have important implications for the successful colonization,establishment and spread of invasive plants—though the role of germination in the success of invasive plants remains poorly *** We assessed the variation in seed germination dynamics among 10 populations of the invasive plant Johnsongrass(Sorghum halepense)across its North American distribution,capturing both a temperature and precipitation gradient,and whether that variation is associated with home *** were exposed to a wide range of temperatures(11–48℃)and two water availability *** Findings We found that Johnsongrass seeds germinated across a wide range of temperatures,but there was substantial variation among populations in the proportion of seeds that germinated in response to both temperature and water *** indicates that as Johnsongrass expanded its range from warmer climates into cooler climates,there was a concurrent shift in the germination temperature niche to cooler *** results suggest that the germination of Johnsongrass seeds has adapted to home climate allowing this invader to maximize germination throughout its range,and that this may be an important contributing factor to its invasion into new environments.

关键词： adaptation among-population variation Johnsongrass Sorghum halepense temperature water availability

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Synthesis of a-SnWO_4 thin-film electrodes by hydrothermal conversion from crystalline WO_3

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2015年第4期26卷 474-478页

作者： kayla J.Pyper Taylor C.Evans Bart M.Bartlett Department of Chemistry University of Michigan

Thin film electrodes of the orthorhombic form of tin tungstate （α-SnWO4） were prepared using a hydrothermal method to convert thin films of WO3 in aqueous SnCI2. The pH dependence of the growth mechanism was identified by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The XRD patterns show complete conversion of WO3（s） to SnWO4（s） at pH 1, 4, and 7. SEM images reveal a morphology change from sponge-like platelets to sharp nanowires as the pH increases from 1 to 7. The α-SnWO4 thin films were reddish brown in color, and display an indirect band gap of 1.9 eV by diffuse reflectance UV-vis spectroscopy. α-SnWO4 is therefore solar-responsive, and a chopped light linear sweep voltammogram recorded under 100 mW/cm2 AM1.5 simulated solar illumination in a pH 5 0.1 mol/L KPi buffer show a visible light response for photoelectrochemical water oxidation, producing 32 μA/cm2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE.

关键词： Alpha tin tungstateHydrothermal conversionMicrostructureHydrothermal method

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Challenges in the microbiological food safety of fresh produce:Limitations of post-harvest washing and the need for alternative interventions

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Food Quality and Safety 2017年第4期1卷 289-301页

作者： kayla Murray Fan Wu John Shi Sophia Jun Xue Keith Warriner Department of Food Science University of Guelph Guelph Food Research Center Agriculture and Agri-food CanadaGuelphOntorioCanada

Fresh produce(processed fruit and vegetables)continues to be the main source of foodborne illness outbreaks implicating pathogens such as Escherichia coli O157:H7,Salmonella,Listeria monocytogenes and human parasites(*** A,Cyclospora).Previously,outbreaks were primarily limited to leafy greens,tomatoes,and cantaloupes,but more recently there has been a trend of more diverse produce types(*** and papayas)being *** on-farm good agriculture practices(GAP)contribute to preventing pathogens entering the fresh produce chain,it cannot be relied upon completely due to the open nature of *** a consequence,there is an identified need for interventions that can remove field-acquired contamination,especially given fresh produce is eaten *** the following review,an overview of foodborne illness outbreaks linked to contaminated fresh produce will be described along with potential sources of ***-harvest washing that was once considered decontamination is now viewed as a high-risk cross-contamination *** challenges in monitoring the post-harvest wash process will be discussed along with processing factors that need to be considered.A range of alternative,or supplemental,non-aqueous interventions will be described including irradiation,ultraviolet light,high hydrostatic pressure,gas phase(ozone and chlorine dioxide),and hydroxyl radicals generated through advanced oxidative process or gas *** have been proved to be effective at pathogen control on the laboratory scale and are poised to enter commercial *** current status of these alternative interventions along with challenges of integrating into commercial practice will be described.

关键词： Fresh produce Escherichia coli O157:H7 Salmonella Listeria Iirradiation Ozone Chlorine dioxide Advanced oxidative process Post-harvest Washing Leafy greens Fruit Vegetable

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Cremaster muscle thickening: the anatomic difference in men with testicular retraction due to hyperactive cremaster muscle reflex

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2023年第4期25卷 484-486页

作者： Parviz K Kavoussi Hayden T Henderson kayla Hudson Romtin Mehrabani-Farsi Graham Luke Machen Austin Fertility and Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF AustinTX 78746USA

The objective was to assess whether men suffering from testicular retraction secondary to hyperactive cremaster muscle reflex havean anatomic difference in the thickness of the cremaster muscle in comparison to men who do not have retraction. From March2021 to December 2021, 21 men underwent microsurgical subinguinal cremaster muscle release (MSCMR) on 33 spermatic cordunits, as 12 of them had bilateral surgery, at Surgicare of South Austin Ambulatory Surgery Center in Austin, TX, USA. Duringthat same time frame, 36 men underwent subinguinal microsurgical varicocele repair on 41 spermatic cord units, as 5 werebilateral for infertility. The thickness of cremaster muscles was measured by the operating surgeon in men undergoing MSCMRand varicocele repair. Comparison was made between the cremaster muscle thickness in men with testicular retraction due toa hyperactive cremaster muscle reflex undergoing MSCMR and the cremaster muscle thickness in men undergoing varicocelerepair for infertility with no history of testicular retraction, which served as an anatomic control. The mean cremaster musclethickness in men who underwent MSCMR was significantly greater than those undergoing varicocele repair for infertility, witha mean cremaster muscle thickness of 3.9 (standard deviation [s.d.]: 1.2) mm vs 1.0 (s.d.: 0.4) mm, respectively. Men withtesticular retraction secondary to a hyperactive cremaster muscle reflex demonstrate thicker cremaster muscles than controls,those undergoing varicocele repair. An anatomic difference may be a beginning to understanding the pathology in men whostruggle with testicular retraction.

关键词： cremaster muscle orchialgia testicular retraction

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Effect of obesity on post-operative outcomes following colorectal cancer surgery

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第7期14卷 1324-1336页

作者： Derek Mao David E Flynn Stephanie Yerkovich kayla Tran Usha Gurunathan Manju D Chandrasegaram Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of SydneySydney 2050New South WalesAustralia Department of General Surgery The Prince Charles HospitalBrisbane 4032QueenslandAustralia of Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbane 4006QueenslandAustralia Department of Pathology The Prince Charles HospitalBrisbane 4032QueenslandAustralia Department of Anaesthesia The Prince Charles HospitalBrisbane 4032QueenslandAustralia

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)resection is currently being undertaken in an increasing number of obese *** studies have yet to reach a consensus as to whether obesity affects post-operative outcomes following CRC *** To evaluate the post-operative outcomes of obese patients following CRC resection,as well as to determine the post-operative outcomes of obese patients in the subgroup undergoing laparoscopic *** Six-hundred and fifteen CRC patients who underwent surgery at the Prince Charles Hospital between January 2010 and December 2020 were categorized into two groups based on body mass index(BMI):Obese[BMI≥30,n=182(29.6%)]and non-obese[BMI<30,n=433(70.4%)].Demographics,comorbidities,surgical features,and post-operative outcomes were compared between both *** outcomes were also compared between both groups in the subgroup of patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery[n=472:BMI≥30,n=136(28.8%);BMI<30,n=336(71.2%)].RESULTS Obese patients had a higher burden of cardiac(73.1%vs 56.8%;P<0.001)and respiratory comorbidities(37.4%vs 26.8%;P=0.01).Obese patients were also more likely to undergo conversion to an open procedure(12.8%vs 5.1%;P=0.002),but did not experience more postoperative complications(51.6%vs 44.1%;P=0.06)or high-grade complications(19.2%vs 14.1%;P=0.11).In the laparoscopic subgroup,however,obesity was associated with a higher prevalence of post-operative complications(47.8%vs 39.3%;P=0.05)but not high-grade complications(17.6%vs 11.0%;P=0.07).CONCLUSION Surgical resection of CRC in obese individuals is safe.A higher prevalence of post-operative complications in obese patients appears to only be in the context of laparoscopic surgery.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Obesity Body mass index Post-operative outcomes Clavien-Dindo

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ULTRASHORT PULSE MULTISPECTRAL NON-LINEAR OPTICAL MICROSCOPY

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2009年第1期2卷 27-35页

作者： ADAM M.LARSON ANTHONY LEE PO-FENG LEE kayla J.BAYLESS ALVIN T.YEH Department of Biomedical Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TexasUSA Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine Texas A&M Health Science Center College Station TexasUSA

Ultrashort pulse,multispectral non-linear optical microscopy(NLOM)is developed and used to image,simultaneously,a mixed population of cells expressing different fluorescent protein mutants in a 3D tissue model of ***,sub-10-fs pulses are used to excite multiple fluorescent proteins and generate second harmonic in collagen.A 16-channel multispectral detector is used to delineate the multiple non-linear optical signals,pixel by pixel,in *** ability to image multiple fluorescent protein mutants and collagen,enables serial measurements of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions in our 3D tissue model and characterization of fundamental processes in angiogenic morphogenesis.

关键词： Two-photon excited fluorescence second harmonic generation multiple molecular imaging angiogenesis

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Global kinematics of tectonic plates and subduction zones since the late Paleozoic Era

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第3期10卷 989-1013页

作者： Alexander Young Nicolas Flament kayla Maloney Simon Williams Kara Matthews Sabin Zahirovic R.Dietmar Müller School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Wollongong EarthByte Group School of Geosciences The University of Sydney Sydney Informatics Hub The University of Sydney

Detailed global plate motion models that provide a continuous description of plate boundaries through time are an effective tool for exploring processes both at and below the Earth's surface. A new generation of numerical models of mantle dynamics pre-and post-Pangea timeframes requires global kinematic descriptions with full plate reconstructions extending into the Paleozoic(410 Ma). Current plate models that cover Paleozoic times are characterised by large plate speeds and trench migration rates because they assume that lowermost mantle structures are rigid and fixed through time. When used as a surface boundary constraint in geodynamic models, these plate reconstructions do not accurately reproduce the present-day structure of the lowermost mantle. Building upon previous work, we present a global plate motion model with continuously closing plate boundaries ranging from the early Devonian at 410 Ma to present *** analyse the model in terms of surface kinematics and predicted lower mantle structure. The magnitude of global plate speeds has been greatly reduced in our reconstruction by modifying the evolution of the synthetic Panthalassa oceanic plates, implementing a Paleozoic reference frame independent of any geodynamic assumptions, and implementing revised models for the Paleozoic evolution of North and South China and the closure of the Rheic Ocean. Paleozoic(410-250 Ma) RMS plate speeds are on average ～8 cm/yr, which is comparable to Mesozoic-Cenozoic rates of ～6 cm/yr on *** global median values of trench migration trend from higher speeds(～2.5 cm/yr) in the late Devonian to rates closer to 0 cm/yr at the end of the Permian(～250 Ma), and during the Mesozoic-Cenozoic(250-0 Ma) generally cluster tightly around ～1.1 cm/yr. Plate motions are best constrained over the past 130 Myr and calculations of global trench convergence rates over this period indicate median rates range between 3.2 cm/yr and 12.4 cm/yr with a present day median rate estimat

关键词： Tectonic reconstruction Paleozoic Plate velocities Subduction zone kinematics Lower mantle structure South China

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Suppression of monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammation by inhibiting TGF-β-activated kinase 1-dependent signaling:role of the ubiquitin proteasome system

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第1期18卷 162-170页

作者： Anil K.Singh Mahamudul Haque kayla O'Sullivan Mukesh Chourasia Madhu M.Ouseph Salahuddin Ahmed Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Washington State University College of PharmacySpokaneWAUSA Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Amity Institute of BiotechnologyAmity UniversityNoidaUttar PradeshIndia Department of Pathology Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA Division of Rheumatology University of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWAUSA

Monosodium urate(MSU)crystals activate inflammatory pathways that overlap with interleukin-1β(IL-1β)***,the post-translational mechanisms involved and the role of signaling proteins in this activation are *** the present study,we investigated the intracellular signaling mechanisms involved in MSU-induced activation of THP-1 macrophages and human nondiseased synovial fibroblasts(NLSFs)and the in vivo efficacy of an inhibitor of tumor grovArth factor-β(TGF-β)-activated kinase 1(TAK1),5Z-7-oxozeaenoI,in MSU-induced paw inflammation in C57BL76 ***-1 macrophage activation with MSU crystals(25-200 ng/ml)resulted in the rapid and sustained phosphorylation of interleukin-1 receptor-activated kinase 1(IRAK1 Thr^(209))and TAK1(Thr^(184/187))and their association with the E3 ubiquitin ligase *** the cellular level,MSU inhibited the deubiquitinases A20 and UCHL2 and increased 20s proteasomal activity,leading to a global decrease in K^(63)-linked ubiquitination and increase in K^(48)-linked ubiquitination in THP-1 *** MSU did not stimulate cytokine produaion in NLSFs,it significantly amplified IL-1β-induced IL-6,IL-8,and ENA-78/CXCL5 *** studies and MD simulations followed by TAK1 in vitro kinase assays revealed that uric acid molecules are capable of arresting TAK1 in an active-state conformation,resulting in sustained TAK1 kinase ***,MSU-induced proinflammatory cytokine production was completely inhibited by 5Z-7-oxozeaenol but not IRAK1/4 or TRAF6 *** of 5Z-7-oxozeaenol(5 or 15 mg/kg;orally)significantly inhibited MSU-induced paw inflammation in C57BL/6 *** study identifies a novel post-translational mechanism of TAK1 activation by MSU and suggests the therapeutic potential of TAK1 in regulating MSU-induced Inflammation.

关键词： Monosodium urate crystals Gout TAK1 Ubiquitination 5Z-7-oxozeaenol

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Efficacy of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide in adolescents with subthreshold depression: interim analysis of a randomized controlled study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第7期17卷 1582-1587页

作者： Xiaoyue Li Xuan Mo Tao Liu Robin Shao kayla Teopiz Roger S.McIntyre Kwok-Fai So Kangguang Lin Department of Affective Disorders The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University(Guangzhou Huiai Hospital)GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Laboratory of Emotion and Cognition The Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University(Guangzhou Huiai Hospital)GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Psychiatry The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Canadian Rapid Treatment Center of Excellence MississaugaONCanada Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit Poul Hansen Family Centre for DepressionUniversityHealth NetworkTorontoONCanada Department of Psychiatry University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation TorontoONCanada Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Institute University of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina

Subthreshold depression is a highly prevalent condition in adolescents who are at high risk for developing major depressive *** preclinical models of neurological and psychiatric diseases,Lycium barbarum polysaccharide(LBP)extracted from Goji berries had antidepressant effects including but not limited to anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory ***,the effect of LBP on subthreshold depression is *** investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of LBP for treating subthreshold depression in adolescents,we conducted a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial(RCT)with 29 adolescents with subthreshold depression recruited at The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical *** participants were randomly assigned to groups where they received either 300 mg LBP(LBP group,n=15,3 boys and 12 girls aged 15.13±2.17 years)or a placebo(placebo group,n=14,2 boys and 12 girls aged 15±1.71 years)for 6 successive *** analyses revealed that the LBP group exhibited a greater change in Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD-24)scores relative to the baseline and a higher remission rate(HAMD-24 total score≤7)at 6 weeks compared with the placebo *** on the Beck Depression Inventory-II(BDI-II),Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),Kessler Psychological Distress Scale(Kessler),and Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Emotional Disorders(SCARED)were similar between the LBP and placebo *** side effects related to the intervention were reported in either *** results indicate that LBP administration reduced depressive symptoms in adolescents with subthreshold ***,LBP was well tolerated with no treatment-limiting adverse *** trials involving a larger sample size are needed to further confirm the anti-depressive effects of LBP in adolescents with subthreshold *** study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University(Guangzho

关键词： adolescents efficacy Goji berry Lycium barbarum polysaccharide randomized clinical trial safety subthreshold depression tolerance

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