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Comparison between Different Shapes of Structure by Response Spectrum Method of Dynamic Analysis

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2016年第2期6卷 131-138页

作者： Jaya rajkumar Ramchandani Madhuri Nilesh Mangulkar Department of Civil Engineering J.N.E.C Aurangabad (M.S) India

Several procedures for non-linear static and dynamic analysis of structures have been developed in recent years. In this paper, the response spectrum analysis is performed on two different shapes i.e. regular and irregular shape of structure by using STAAD PRO. And the comparison results are studied and compared accounting for the earthquake characteristics and the structure dynamic characteristics. As the results show that the earthquake response peak values and the main response frequencies are very close and comparable. It can be referred to by the engineering applications.

关键词： Seismic Response Spectrum Analysis STAAD PRO Dynamic Characteristics Earthquake Response Peak

Optimization and Extension of Shelf-Life of Chapati Using Selected Natural Plant Extracts as Preservatives

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2022年第11期13卷 906-930页

作者： rajkumar Rahul Sanjeevirayar Arrivukkarasan Shanmugam Anhuradha Biochemistry Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Annamalai University Tamil Nadu India

Whole wheat flour is employed to prepare an unleavened flat-baked chapati product. The majority of people in Asian communities residing all over the world and the Indian subcontinent consume chapati as a traditional staple food. There is an increase in demand for ready-to-eat chapatis due to changes in lifestyle, so this study was initiated to increase the shelf-life of chapatis using selected plant samples through optimization. The optimized dough was seen to have a good leavening and soft texture with no change in their appearance, order, or taste. The spoilage of the prepared and stored chapattis was monitored. At the conclusion of the 20 trials, the range of shelf-life obtained was between 14 to 16 days. On studying the goodness of fit statistics in the model used for the optimization based on the low s value (0.3717), there is a better description of the response. 97.94% R2 value was obtained with consideration of the response describing the fitness of the model. Similarly, its right and it determines adjacent R2 value, and predicted R2 value was not substantially less than the R2 value making the model fit. On encoding the values 0.6625 for turmeric, 0.6625 for the sweet flag, and 0.7305 for tea powders can be used to obtain the maximized shelf-life of 16 days.

关键词： Chapatti Turmeric Sweet Flag Tea and Optimization

Seasonal variations of phytoplankton diversity in the Coleroon coastal waters,southeast coast of India

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2010年第5期29卷 97-108页

作者： Thillai Rajasekar K rajkumar M SUN Jun Ashok Prabu V Perumal P Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Annamalai University Tamil Nadu India Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Department of Biotechnology Periyar University Tamil Nadu India

The results of an investigation carried out during June 2005 to May 2007 on physico-chemical parameters,species composition and community structure of phytoplankton including Chlorophyll a（Chl-a） at the Coleroon coastal waters（Southeast coast of India） are *** and surface water temperatures（℃） varied from 25.1 to 30.1 and from 24.5 to 28.5 *** values varied from 6 to 28.5 and the pH ranged between 7.0 and *** in dissolved oxygen content was from 3.1 to 7.5 mg/dm^3 while the light extinction coefficient values（LEC） ranged between 3.1 and 10.1 *** ranges of inorganic nutrients（μmol/dm^3） viz.,nitrate,nitrite,phosphate and silicate were 10.1-23.4,1.2-8.9,0.2-3.1 and 55-125,*** ranges of Chlorophyll a（μg/dm-3） values was ***,124 phytoplankton species representing different classes viz：Bacillariophyceae（77）,Dinophyceae（19）,Cyanophyceae（15）,Chlorophyceae（10） and Chrysophyceae（3） were *** phytoplankton cell abundance varied from 0.290 to 111.662 cells/cm-3,with peak diversity（3.38 bits/ind.） during summer *** maximum abundance was found during summer season coinciding with the stable hydrographical *** seasonal distribution and abundance of phytoplankton are discussed in relation to hydrographical *** Correspondence Analysis（CCA） was applied in this paper for discriminating environmental factors having effect on phytoplankton community at species *** coastal water is subjected to long term fluctuations in physico-chemical parameters depending upon the seasonal tidal amplitude and freshwater influx resulting in a continuous exchange of organic,inorganic,plant and animal matters.

关键词： physico-chemical parameters phytoplankton species composition abundance diversity Coleroon coastal waters

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Bloom Forming Species of Phytoplankton in Two Coastal Waters in the Southeast Coast of India

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2010年第3期9卷 265-272页

作者： K. Thillai Rajasekar M. rajkumar SUN Jun V. Ashok Prabu E Perumal Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Annamalai University Parangipettai - 608502 Tamil Nadu India Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 P. R. China Department of Biotechnology Periyar University Salem - 636011 Tamil Nadu India

The results of an investigation carried out during June 2005 to May 2007 on bloom-forming phytoplankton species composition and abundance in the Parangipettai and Coleroon coastal waters （Southeast coast of India） are reported. Air and surface water temperatures （℃） varied from 25.1 to 30.1 and 24.5 to 28.5, respectively, in the former waters and from 25.5 to 31.2 and 25.0 to 29.3 in the latter waters. The respective salinities varied from 6.0 to 28.5 and 5.0 to 33.1 and the respective pH ranged between 7.0 and 8.3 and 7.2 and 8.3. Correspondingly, the dissolved oxygen content varied from 3.1 to 7.5 and 3.1 to 7.9 mgL1 while the light extinction coefficient （LEC） values ranged between 3.1 and 10.1 and 1.8 and 11.0. The content ranges of inorganic nutrients, i.e., nitrate, nitrite, phosphate and silicate （μmolL^-1）, in the Parangipettai and Coleroon coastal waters were： 6.5- 27.0; 1.0- 8.9; 0.1-3.0 and 15.0 -140 and 10.1-23.4; 1.2-8.9; 0.2-3.1 and 55-125 respectively. The chlorophyll α contents in both waters ranged from 2.0-7.5 μgL^-1. Presently, 124 phytoplankton species representing different classes were recorded in the Coleroon coast, viz, Bacillariophyceae （77）; Dinophyceae （19）; Cyanophyceae （15）; Chlorophyceae （10） and Chrysophyceae （3）, whereas 117 phytoplankton species were recorded in the Parangipettai coast, viz, Bacillariophyceae （66）; Dinophyceae （22）; Cyanophyceae （19）; Chlorophyceae （7） and Chrysophyceae （3）. The phytoplankton cell abundance in the Parangipettai and Coleroon coastal waters varied from 290 to 111662 and 140 to 132 757 cells L^-1, respectively, with peak diversity （3.38 and 3.52 bits indl.） recorded in summer. The maximum abundance occurred in summer coinciding with the stable hydrographical conditions. The seasonal distribution and abundance of phytoplankton are discussed in relation to hydrographical parameters. Totally 31 and 24 species of phytoplankton were found to be bloom-forming in the Parangipettai and Coleroon coastal waters,

关键词： Bloom-forming phytoplankton species abundance Parangipettai and Coleroon coastal waters

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FLOW FIELD IN SCOURED ZONE OF CHANNEL CONTRACTIONS

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2004年第4期19卷 292-311页

作者： rajkumar V. RAIKAR,Subhasish DEY Kharagpur 721302 West Bengal India. Doctoral Research Fellow Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur 721302 West Bengal India. Associate Professor Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology

Experiments were conducted in a laboratory flume to measure the two-dimensional turbulent flow field in the scoured zone of channel contractions under a clear-water scour condition. The Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV) was used to detect the flow field at different vertical lines along the centerline of uncontracted (main channel) and contracted zones of the channel. The distributions of time-averaged velocity components, turbulent intensity, turbulent kinetic energy, and Reynolds stresses are presented in nondimensional graphical form. The bed shear stresses are computed from the measured Reynolds stresses being in threshold condition within the zone of contraction where bed was scoured. The data presented in this paper would be useful to the investigators for the development of kinematic flow model and morphological model of scour at a channel or river contraction.

关键词： Channel contraction Open channel flow Turbulent flow Erosion Scour Sediment transport Fluvial hydraulics

LIVE-BED SCOUR IN LONG CONTRACTIONS

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2006年第2期21卷 166-170页

作者： Subhasish DEY rajkumar V. RAIKAR Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur 721302 West Bengal India Assoc. Prof. Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur 721302 West Bengal India Dr.

This paper presents a simple analytical model, developed using the energy and continuity equations, for the computation of the live-bed scour depth in long contractions. The model agrees satisfactorily with experimental data. Equations previously proposed in the literature for estimation of the equilibrium scour depth in long contractions are compared with experimental data. The comparison indicates that the equation given by Lim is the best predictor among those examined.

关键词： Open channel flow Steady flow Channel contraction Channel erosion Scour Erosion Sediment transport Hydraulics

Novel PF74-like small molecules targeting the HIV-1 capsid protein:Balance of potency and metabolic stability

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第3期11卷 810-822页

作者： Lei Wang Mary CCasey Sanjeev Kumar VVernekar rajkumar Lalji Sahani Karen AKirby Haijuan Du Huanchun Zhang Philip RTedbury Jiashu Xie Stefan GSarafianos Zhengqiang Wang Center for Drug Design College of PharmacyUniversity of MinnesotaMN 55455USA Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology University of Missouri School of MedicineChristopher S.Bond Life Sciences CenterColumbiaMO 65211USA Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology Department of PediatricsEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGA 30322USA

Of all known small molecules targeting human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)capsid protein(CA),PF74 represents by far the best characterized chemotype,due to its ability to confer antiviral phenotypes in both early and late phases of viral ***,the prohibitively low metabolic stability renders PF74 a poor antiviral *** report herein our medicinal chemistry efforts toward identifying novel and metabolically stable small molecules targeting the PF74 binding ***,we replaced the inter-domain-interacting,electron-rich indole ring of PF74 with less electron-rich isosteres,including imidazolidine-2,4-dione,pyrimidine-2,4-dione,and benzamide,and identified four potent antiviral compounds(10,19,20 and 26)with markedly improved metabolic *** to PF74,analog 20 exhibited similar submicromolar potency,and much longer(51-fold)half-life in human liver microsomes(HLMs).Molecular docking corroborated that 20 binds to the PF74 binding site,and revealed distinct binding interactions conferred by the benzamide ***,our data support compound 20 as a promising antiviral lead.

关键词： HIV-1 Capsid protein PF74 Microsomal stability

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Antihypertensive prescribing patterns in non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease:Findings from the Salford Kidney Study

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World Journal of Nephrology 2023年第5期12卷 168-181页

作者： rajkumar Chinnadurai Henry H L Wu Jones Abuomar Sharmilee Rengarajan David I New Darren Green Philip A Kalra Donal O’Donoghue Renal Research Centre&Department of Renal Medicine Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation TrustSalford M68HDUnited Kingdom Department of Renal Research Kolling Institute of Medical ResearchRoyal North Shore Hospital&The University of SydneySt.Leonards(Sydney)2065New South WalesAustralia Faculty of Biology Medicine&HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M17HRUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Hypertension is commonly observed in patients living with chronic kidney disease(CKD).Finding an optimal treatment regime remains challenging due to the complex bidirectional cause-and-effect relationship between hypertension and *** remains variability in antihypertensive treatment *** To analyze data from the Salford Kidney Study database in relation to antihypertensive prescribing patterns amongst CKD *** The Salford Kidney Study is an ongoing prospective study that has been recruiting CKD patients since *** patients are followed up annually,and their medical records including the list of medications are updated until they reach study endpoints[starting on renal replacement therapy or reaching estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)expressed as mL/min/1.73 m2≤10 mL/min/1.73 m2,or the last follow-up date,or data lock on December 31,2021,or death].Data on antihypertensive prescription practices in correspondence to baseline eGFR,urine albumin-creatinine ratio,primary CKD aetiology,and cardiovascular disease were *** between patients who were prescribed three or more antihypertensive agents and their clinical outcomes were studied by Cox regression ***-Meier analysis demonstrated differences in survival *** Three thousand two hundred and thirty non-dialysis-dependent CKD patients with data collected between October 2002 and December 2019 were *** median age was 65 years.A greater proportion of patients were taking three or more antihypertensive agents with advancing CKD stages(53%of eGFR≤15 mL/min/1.73 m2 vs 26%of eGFR≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2,P<0.001).An increased number of patients receiving more classes of antihypertensive agents was observed as the urine albumin-creatinine ratio category increased(category A3:62%vs category A1:40%,P<0.001),with the upward trends particularly noticeable in the number of individuals prescribed renin angiotensin system *** pr

关键词： Hypertension Chronic kidney disease Antihypertensive agents Prescribing patterns Cardiovascular complications Renin angiotensin system blockers

Pancreatic Abscess: An Infection Occurring with Minimal Tissue Present

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2023年第5期12卷 113-118页

作者： Karnan rajkumar Anas Mahmoud Mohamed Abdalla Matthew Grossman Department of Medicine St. George’s University School of Medicine True Blue Grenada Department of Internal Medicine St. Joseph’s University Medical Center Paterson NJ USA Department of Gastroenterology St. Joseph’s University Medical Center Paterson NJ USA

Pancreatic abscess typically occurs 4 weeks after acute pancreatitis begins and is defined as an infection of the pancreatic pseudocyst. There are other causes which include but are not limited to iatrogenic intra-abdominal procedures, chronic pancreatitis, and sending from distant sites. These abscesses are typically collections of pus that are within the region of the pancreas. There is also pancreatic necrosis that is seen among these abscesses. Here is a report on a case of a pancreatic abscess of unusual occurrence in a patient that had a near-total distal pancreatectomy. This is uncommon as the patient has very minimal pancreatic tissue remaining, yet still has developed this intra-abdominal abscess. These abscesses must be recognized quickly and removed to prevent further complications from occurring.

关键词： Pancreatic Abscess Pancreatic Pseudocyst Pancreatitis Pancreatectomy