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Rice straw management through biofuel,biochar,mushroom cultivation,and paper production to overcome environmental pollution in North India

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2023年第4期5卷 483-510页

作者： Vikram kumar Pooja Singh Jyoti sharma Sakshi Saini Priyanka sharma Asha sharma Department of Botany Maharshi Dayanand UniversityRohtakHaryana124001India

Rice is the prominent food grain required by more than half of the world's population to fulfill their nutritional *** the continuous growth in the population at the global level,rice production has also been ***,high rice production also creates a new problem in waste management *** straw,generated after rice harvest,possesses meager nutritional value,due to which it is less preferred as fodder and burned in the *** burning is one of the major causes of air pollution,leading to lung,heart,eye,and skin-related diseases and even premature *** stubble burning also decreases soil *** this review article,we have discussed the various economic uses of paddy straw which will help to reduce air pollution through the decline in paddy straw *** is produced from paddy straw,which can be mixed into the soil to restore fertility and reduce toxic metals'*** generation of biofuels such as biobutanol,bioethanol,and biogas from rice straw with their mechanism of synthesis is also discussed in this *** straw can also be utilized in the preparation of solid *** with this,mushroom cultivation in paddy straw houses is also *** straw can be used for the pulp and paper industries,which will help to reduce the tree dependence of these *** from this,a bibliometric analysis of the Scopus database on rice straw uses for the last 20 years was done,including a bibliographic keyword analysis to show published documents'*** review will give an elaborated overview of the alternative uses of rice straw with a quantitative analysis of air pollution caused by paddy straw *** review will also help to improve the current uses of paddy straw for industrial and commercial benefits to make it more economical.

关键词： Rice straw Environment pollution Biochar Biofuels Mushroom cultivation Paper and pulp

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Sheet flow hydrodynamics over a non-uniform sand bed channel

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2018年第3期33卷 313-326页

作者： Anurag sharma Bimlesh kumar Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati

The current study experimentally investigates the flow characteristics and temporal variations in the sheet flow profile of a non-uniform sand bed channel. Experiments were done to explore turbulent structures in the presence of a sheet flow layer with and without seepage. The turbulent events, such as stream wise velocity, Reynolds shear stresses, and turbulence intensities were found to be increasing and vertical velocity was found decreasing with a sheet layer. The presence of a sheet layer also effects the turbulent energy production and energy dissipation. All the turbulence parameters with and without a sheet layer have also been influenced by the presence of downward seepage. The rate of sheet flow movement is increased with seepage, owing to increased turbulence with seepage. The current study used wavelet analysis on temporally lagged spatial bed elevation profiles obtained from a set of laboratory experiments and synchronized the wavelet coefficients with bed elevation fluctuation at different spatial scales. A spatial cross correlation analysis at multiple scales, based on the wavelet coefficients, has been done on these bed elevation datasets to observe the effect of downward seepage on the dynamic behavior of sheet flow at different length scales. It is found that seepage increases average bed celerity and also increases the celerity of sheet flow of similar length scales. This increase in the celerity has been hypothesized as the increase of sheet flow movement as well as the increase in turbulent parameters with seepage, which destabilizes the bed particles resulting in a disruption in the continuous propagation pattern of the sheet flow. The increase of sheet flow celerity with seepage is confirmed from the saturation level of the wavelet power spectra of the bed elevation series. The presence of seepage also affects the non-uniformity of collective sheet material.

关键词： Sheet flow Non-uniform sand Turbulence Seepage

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Tribology of WC reinforced SiC ceramics: Influence of counterbody

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Friction 2019年第2期7卷 129-142页

作者： Sandan kumar sharma B.Venkata MANOJ kumar Young-Wook KIM Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee TriboCeramics Laboratory Department of Materials Science and Engineeringthe University of Seoul

Hot pressed silicon carbide(SiC) composites prepared with 0, 10, 30 or 50 wt% tungsten carbide(WC) are subjected to dry sliding wear against WC-Co and steel ball. In particular an attempt has been made to answer the following important questions:(i) How does the load(from 5 to 20 N) effect sliding wear behaviour of SiC-ceramics against WC-Co and steel counterbodies?(ii) Is there any effect of WC content on friction and wear characteristics of SiC ceramics?(iii) Does the dominant material removal mechanism of SiC ceramics change with the addition of WC or counterbody?(iv) What is the influence of mechanical properties on the sliding wear? Experimental results indicated that coefficient of friction(COF) for the SiC ceramics varied between 0.66 and 0.33 with change in load and counterbodies. Wear volume for SiC ceramics found approximately 6-10 times more against WC-Co as compared against steel. Wear volume changes from 2.0 × 10^(–3)mm^3 to 1.2 × 10^(–2)mm^3 with change in counterbodies for SiC -(10, 30 or 50 wt%) WC composite at 20 N. SiC ceramics indicated abrasion and composites reveal tribochemical wear as major material removal mechanisms. Wear is influenced by the hardness of counterbody and fracture toughness of SiC -WC composites.

关键词： silicon carbide tungsten carbide composites steel sliding wear counterbody

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Bifurcation behaviors analysis of a plankton model with multiple delays

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2016年第6期9卷 113-137页

作者： Anuj kumar sharma Amit sharma Kulbhushan Agnihotri Department of Mathematics LRDA V College Jagraon Punjab India DA V Institute of Engineering and Technology Jalandhar Punjab 144001 India Applied Science Department SBSSTC Ferozpur Punjab India

A mathematical model describing the dynamics of toxin producing phytoplankton- zooplankton interaction with instantaneous nutrient recycling is proposed. We have explored the dynamics of plankton ecosystem with multiple delays; one due to gestation period in the growth of phytoplankton population and second due to the delay in toxin liberated by TPP. It is established that a sequence of Hopf bifurcations occurs at the interior equilibrium as the delay increases through its critical value. The direction of the Hopf bifurcation and the stability of the bifurcating periodic solutions are determined using the theory of normal form and center manifold. Meanwhile, effect of toxin on the stability of delayed plankton system is also established numerically. Finally, numerical simulations are carried out to support and supplement the analytical findings.

关键词： Plankton multiple delays toxin Hopf bifurcation normal form theory centermanifold theorem.

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mLBOA:A Modified Butterfly Optimization Algorithm with Lagrange Interpolation for Global Optimization

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第4期19卷 1161-1176页

作者： Sushmita sharma Sanjoy Chakraborty Apu kumar Saha Sukanta Nama Saroj kumar Sahoo Department of Mathematics National Institute of Technology AgartalaAgartalaTripura 799046India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar CollegeBeloniaTripura 799155India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology AgartalaAgartalaTripura 799046India Department of Applied Mathematics Maharaja Bir Bikram UniversityAgartalaTripura 799004India

Though the Butterfly Bptimization Algorithm(BOA)has already proved its effectiveness as a robust optimization algorithm,it has certain ***,a new variant of BOA,namely mLBOA,is proposed here to improve its *** proposed algorithm employs a self-adaptive parameter setting,Lagrange interpolation formula,and a new local search strategy embedded with Levy flight search to enhance its searching ability to make a better trade-off between exploration and ***,the fragrance generation scheme of BOA is modified,which leads for exploring the domain effectively for better *** evaluate the performance,it has been applied to solve the IEEE CEC 2017 benchmark *** results have been compared to that of six state-of-the-art algorithms and five BOA ***,various statistical tests,such as the Friedman rank test,Wilcoxon rank test,convergence analysis,and complexity analysis,have been conducted to justify the rank,significance,and complexity of the proposed ***,the mLBOA has been applied to solve three real-world engineering design *** all the analyses,it has been found that the proposed mLBOA is a competitive algorithm compared to other popular state-of-the-art algorithms and BOA variants.

关键词： Butterfly optimization algorithm Lagrange interpolation Levy flight search IEEE CEC 2017 functions Engineering design problems

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Impact of frailty on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography outcomes in nonagenarians:A United States national experience

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第3期16卷 148-156页

作者： Sanket Dhirubhai Basida Dushyant Singh Dahiya Muhammad Nadeem Yousaf Brinda Basida Bhanu Siva Mohan Pinnam Manesh kumar Gangwani Hassam Ali Sahib Singh Yash R Shah Daksh Ahluwalia Mihir Prakash Shah Saurabh Chandan Neil R sharma Shyam Thakkar Department of Internal Medicine University of Missouri-ColumbiaColumbiaMO 65212United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKS 66160United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65212United States Department of Rheumatology Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityNorth AugustaGA 30912United States Department of Internal Medicine John H.Stroger Hospital of Cook CountyChicagoIL 60612United States Department of Internal Medicine The University of ToledoToledoOH 43606United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology East Carolina University/Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27858United States Department of Internal Medicine Sinai HospitalBaltimoreMD 21215United States Department of Internal Medicine Trinity Health Oakland/Wayne State UniversityPontiacMI 48341United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Creighton University School of MedicineOmahaNE 68131United States Division of Interventional Oncology&Surgical Endoscopy GI Oncology Tumor Site TeamParkview Cancer InstituteParkview HealthFort WayneIN 46845United States Section of Gastroenterology&Hepatology West Virginia University School of MedicineMorgantownWV 26505United States

BACKGROUND Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)is an essential therapeutic tool for biliary and pancreatic *** and elderly patients,especially those aged≥90 years are generally considered a higher-risk population for ERCP-related *** To investigate outcomes of ERCP in the Non-agenarian population(≥90 years)concerning *** This is a cohort study using the 2018-2020 National Readmission *** aged≥90 were identified who underwent ERCP,using the international classification of diseases-10 code with clinical *** Hopkins’s adjusted clinical groups frailty indicator was used to classify patients as frail and *** primary outcome was mortality,and the secondary outcomes were morbidity and the 30 d readmission rate related to *** used univariate and multivariate regression models for *** A total of 9448 patients were admitted for any indications of *** and non-frail patients were 3445(36.46%)and 6003(63.53%)*** for ERCP were Choledocholithiasis(74.84%),Biliary pancreatitis(9.19%),Pancreatico-biliary cancer(7.6%),Biliary stricture(4.84%),and Cholangitis(1.51%).Mortality rates were higher in frail group[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=1.68,P=0.02].The Intra-procedural complications were insigni-ficant between the two groups which included bleeding(aOR=0.72,P=0.67),accidental punctures/lacerations(aOR=0.77,P=0.5),and mechanical ventilation rates(aOR=1.19,P=0.6).Post-ERCP complication rate was similar for bleeding(aOR=0.72,P=0.41)and post-ERCP pancreatitis(aOR=1.4,P=0.44).Frail patients had a longer length of stay(6.7 d vs 5.5 d)and higher mean total charges of hospitalization($78807 vs$71392)compared to controls(P<0.001).The 30 d all-cause readmission rates between frail and non-frail patients were similar(P=0.96).CONCLUSION There was a significantly higher mortality risk and healthcare burden amongst nonagenarian frail patients undergoing ERCP compared

关键词： Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Nonagenarians Frailty Mortality Healthcare burden

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Rare earth(La)and metal ion(Pb)substitution induced structural and multiferroic properties of bismuth ferrite

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2015年第4期4卷 292-299页

作者： Poorva sharma Ashwini kumar Dinesh VARSHNEY Materials Science Laboratory School of PhysicsVigyan BhawanDevi Ahilya UniversityKhandwa Road CampusIndore 452001India Department of Physics Southeast UniversityJiangning DistrictNanjing 211189China

In this study,bulk samples of multiferroic with compositional formula,BiFeO3 and Bi_(0.825)A_(0.175)FeO_(3)(A=La,Pb),were synthesized by solid state reaction route.X-ray diffraction(XRD)along with the Rietveld refinement revealed the distorted rhombohedral(R3c)structure for pristine BiFeO3 and Bi0.825La0.175FeO3 and tetragonal(P4/mmm)for Bi_(0.825)Pb_(0.175)FeO_(3)*** support the structural results,bond length between atoms for both of the compounds was calculated.A change in Raman mode position in BiFeO3(BFO)has been observed with La and Pb substitution from Raman scattering measurements and also recommended a structural change with rare earth and metal ion substitution at Bi *** the frequency dependent dielectric constant and dielectric loss plots,a decrease in dielectric values with increase in frequency was observed for both of the *** microelectronic devices,porous ceramics with lower value of dielectric constant are most ***,further studies are also needed to carefully tune the magnetoelectric properties and structural distortion after La/Pb substitution in BFO.

关键词： ceramics X-ray diffraction(XRD) Raman spectroscopy dielectric properties

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Comparative Performance Analysis of Differential Evolution Variants on Engineering Design Problems

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第4期19卷 1140-1160页

作者： Sanjoy Chakraborty Apu kumar Saha Sushmita sharma Saroj kumar Sahoo Gautam Pal Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology AgartalaAgartalaTripura 799046India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar CollegeBeloniaTripura 799155India Department of Mathematics National Institute of Technology AgartalaAgartalaTripura 799046India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tripura Institute of TechnologyNarsingarhTripura 799015India

Because of their superior problem-solving ability,nature-inspired optimization algorithms are being regularly used in solving complex real-world optimization *** academics have recently focused on meta-heuristic algorithms to solve various optimization *** the state-of-the-art algorithms,Differential Evolution(DE)is one of the most successful algorithms and is frequently used to solve various industrial *** the previous 2 decades,DE has been heavily modified to improve its *** DE variations secured positions in IEEE CEC competitions,establishing their ***,to our knowledge,there has never been a comparison of performance across various CEC-winning DE versions,which could aid in determining which is the most *** this study,the performance of DE and its eight other IEEE CEC competition-winning variants are ***,the algorithms have evaluated IEEE CEC 2019 and 2020 bound-constrained functions,and the performances have been *** unconstrained problem from IEEE CEC 2011 problem suite and five other constrained mechanical engineering design problems,out of which four issues have been taken from IEEE CEC 2020 non-convex constrained optimization suite,have been solved to compare the *** analyses like Friedman's test and Wilcoxon's test are executed to verify the algorithm’s ability *** analysis exposes that none of the DE variants can solve all the problems *** of SHADE and ELSHADE-SPACMA are considerable among the methods used for comparison to solve such mechanical design problems.

关键词： Differential evolution Metaheuristics IEEE CEC Mechanical design problem

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Universal converse flexoelectricity in dielectric materials via varying electric field direction

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2021年第1期12卷 107-128页

作者： Saurav sharma Rajeev kumar Rahul Vaish School of Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MandiMandiIndia

Flexoelectricity is a symmetry independent electromechanical cou-pling phenomenon that outperforms piezoelectricity at micro and nanoscales due to its size-dependent behavior arising from gradi-ent terms in its constitutive ***,due to this gradient term flexoelectricity,to exhibit itself,requires specially designed geometry or material composition of the dielectric *** of its kind,the present study put forward a novel strategy of achieving electric field gradient and thereby converse flexoelectri-city,independent of geometry and material composition of the *** spatial variation of the electric field is established inside the dielectric material,Ba_(0.67)Sr_(0.33)TiO_(3)(BST),by manipulating electrical boundary *** unique patterns of electrode placement are suggested to achieve this spatial *** varying direction of electric field gives rise to electric field gradient,the prerequisite of converse flexoelectricity.A multi-physics cou-pling based theoretical framework is established to solve the flexo-electric actuation by employing isogeometric analysis(IGA).Electromechanically coupled equations of flexoelectricity are solved to obtain the electric field distribution and the resulting displace-ments *** maximum displacements of 0.2 nm and 2.36 nm are obtained with patterns I and II,respectively,while pattern III can yield up to 85 nm of maximum displacement.

关键词： Converse flexoelectricity electrical boundary conditions electric field direction isogeometric analysis

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Development of prosthetic arm using body actioned SEMG signals

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2016年第6期9卷 58-65页

作者： Karan Veer Tanu sharma Amod kumar EIED Department Thapar UniversityPatialaIndia CSED Department Global College of EngineeringKhanpur KuiIndia Chief Scientist CSIO-CSIRChandigarhIndia

People's working capability is badly affected when they sufer an amputated *** replacements with prosthetic devices to get a satisfactory level of performance for essential functions with the currently available prosthetic technology are very *** arm prostheses are becoming popular because they are operated by a natural contraction of intact ***,SEMG based artifdal arm was *** system cousists of diferent electronic and mechanical assemblies for operation of hand utilizing microcontroller in order to have minimum signal loss during its *** the hep of relay switching connected to low power DC motor,system is capable of opening and closing of grip according to individual wish.

关键词： SEMG electrodes variable gripping myoelectric controls electronic interface signals processing.

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