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Role of renin-angiotensin system/angiotensin converting enzyme-2 mechanism and enhanced COVID-19 susceptibility in type 2 diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第4期15卷 606-622页

作者： Ashwin Kumar Shukla Komal Awasthi kauser Usman Monisha Banerjee Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory Department of ZoologyUniversity of LucknowLucknow 226007Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Medicine King Georges’Medical UniversityLucknow 226003Uttar PradeshIndia Institute of Advanced Molecular Genetics and Infectious Diseases(IAMGID)University of LucknowLucknow 226007Uttar PradeshIndia

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a disease that caused a global pandemic and is caused by infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 *** has affected over 768 million people worldwide,resulting in approx-imately 6900000 ***-risk groups,identified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,include individuals with conditions like type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),obesity,chronic lung disease,serious heart conditions,and chronic kidney *** indicates that those with T2DM face a hei-ghtened susceptibility to COVID-19 and increased mortality compared to non-diabetic *** the renin-angiotensin system(RAS),a vital regulator of blood pressure and pulmonary stability,reveals the significance of the angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE)and ACE2 *** converts angiotensin-I to the vasoconstrictor angiotensin-II,while ACE2 counters this by converting angiotensin-II to angiotensin 1-7,a *** ACE2 exp-ression,common in diabetes,intensifies RAS activity,contributing to conditions like inflammation and *** ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers can be therapeutically beneficial by increasing ACE2 levels,concerns arise regarding the potential elevation of ACE2 receptors on cell membranes,potentially facilitating COVID-19 *** review explored the role of the RAS/ACE2 mechanism in amplifying severe acute respiratory syndrome cor-onavirus 2 infection and associated complications in *** treatment strategies,including recombinant human ACE2 therapy,broad-spectrum antiviral drugs,and epigenetic signature detection,are discussed as promising avenues in the battle against this pandemic.

关键词： Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors Angiotensin-II receptor blockers Complex diseases COVID-19 Type 2 diabetes

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Recent Developments in Authentication Schemes Used in Machine-Type Communication Devices in Machine-to-Machine Communication: Issues and Challenges

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 93-115页

作者： Shafi Ullah Sibghat Ullah Bazai Mohammad Imran Qazi Mudassar Ilyas Abid Mehmood Muhammad Asim Saleem Muhmmad Aasim Rafique Arsalan Haider Ilyas Khan Sajid Iqbal Yonis Gulzar kauser ham.ed Department of Computer Engineering Balochistan University of Information TechnologyEngineering and Management SciencesQuetta87300Pakistan Department of Information Technology Balochistan University of Information TechnologyEngineeringand Management SciencesQuetta87300Pakistan Department of Information Systems College of Computer Sciences and Information TechnologyKing Faisal UniversityHofuf in Al-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Management Information Systems College of Business AdministrationKing Faisal UniversityHofuf in Al-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Software Engineering College of ComputingRiphah International UniversityFaisalabad44000Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineeringand Management SciencesQuetta87300Pakistan Department of Mathematics College of Science Al-ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Machine-to-machine (M2M) communication plays a fundamental role in autonomous IoT (Internet of Things)-based infrastructure, a vital part of the fourth industrial revolution. Machine-type communication devices(MTCDs) regularly share extensive data without human intervention while making all types of decisions. Thesedecisions may involve controlling sensitive ventilation systems maintaining uniform temperature, live heartbeatmonitoring, and several different alert systems. Many of these devices simultaneously share data to form anautomated system. The data shared between machine-type communication devices (MTCDs) is prone to risk dueto limited computational power, internal memory, and energy capacity. Therefore, securing the data and devicesbecomes challenging due to factors such as dynamic operational environments, remoteness, harsh conditions,and areas where human physical access is difficult. One of the crucial parts of securing MTCDs and data isauthentication, where each devicemust be verified before data transmission. SeveralM2Mauthentication schemeshave been proposed in the literature, however, the literature lacks a comprehensive overview of current M2Mauthentication techniques and the challenges associated with them. To utilize a suitable authentication schemefor specific scenarios, it is important to understand the challenges associated with it. Therefore, this article fillsthis gap by reviewing the state-of-the-art research on authentication schemes in MTCDs specifically concerningapplication categories, security provisions, and performance efficiency.

关键词： Authentication cyber security internet of things machine-type communication devices machine-to-machine communication

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Windows 10’s Browser Forensic Analysis for Tracing P2P Networks’Anonymous Attacks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 1251-1273页

作者： Saima kauser Tauqeer Safdar Malik Mohd Hilmi Hasan Emelia Akashah P.Akhir Syed Muhammad Husnain Kazmi Air University Department of Computer ScienceMultan60000Pakistan Centre for Research in Data Science Department of Computer and Information SciencesUniversiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri IskandarPerak32610Malaysia IAR Systems MästaStockholmStation Gatan 2319542Sweden

A web browser is the most basic tool for accessing the internet from any of the machines/***,data breaches have been reported frequently from users who are concerned about their personal information,as well as threats from criminal *** loss of data and information to an innocent user comes under the jurisdiction of *** kinds of cyber-attacks are far more dangerous when it comes to the many types of devices employed in an internet of things(IoT)*** surveillance of IoT devices and forensic tools are required to overcome the issues pertaining to secure data and *** to peer(P2P)applications have been utilized for criminal operations on the ***,it is a challenge for a forensic investigator to perform forensic analysis of the evolving hardware and software platforms for *** identity concealment and privacy protection,the Onion Router(Tor)and Chrome with the Invisible Internet Project(I2P)as the foundation browser are often *** is required to determine whether Tor is truly anonymous and private as they *** people,on the other hand,utilize the Tor browser for evil *** and techniques are available for the collection of artifacts,identifying problem areas,further processing and analysis of data on the computer and *** research tried to explore a few tools for the tracing of I2P activities over computer on windows 10 that reflects IoT *** to the results of this research,it leaves an excessive amount of important digital evidence on the operating system that can be exploited to attack the information of *** research is based on windows operating system and does not support other operating systems.

关键词： Cyber-security peer-to-peer invisible internet project(I2P) forensic analysis the onion router(Tor)

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Assessment and impact of a biosecurity course in raising the awareness of students at the Jinnah post graduate Medical Center,Pakistan

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Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2019年第2期1卷 93-97页

作者： Shamsul Arfin Qasmi Mehwish Zafar Sarmad Pirzada kauser Abbas Saldera Aftab Turabi Fazaia Ruth Pfau Medical College Pakistan Karachi Institute of Medical Sciences Pakistan Dow University of Health Sciences Pakistan BMSI JPMC Pakistan

Introduction:Pakistan Biological Safety Association(PBSA)is a not for profit,nongovernmental,professional organization established in 2008 and is striving to promote and implement Bio risk management in *** accelerated its program for strategic training of the national life scientists from 2013 and is still working on that mandate with the help of Fogarty International Center(FIC)&National Institute of Health USA and other international organizations working on this Global Health Security Initiative and subsequently Agenda(GHSA)Aims&Objectives:This biosafety training program was developed for capacity building of *** PhD graduates the future laboratory users of Basic Medical Sciences Institute(BMSI),Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Center which is the largest tertiary care hospital in Karachi,Pakistan involved in Research&Development(R&D)in medical ***&Methods:This Pre post study was carried at Basic Medical Sciences Institute(JPMC),during the period of October 2018 to January 2019.A total of 48(16 PhD.32 ***.)Grads students participated in the following *** training program is administered through,custom made 4-month course having 16 contact hours also 4 hours of practical *** was evaluated using written *** pre and post-training test was conducted after each *** test comprised of 15 multiple choice questions(MCQs)pre and post session making it 30 MCQs in total for each session.A final assessment consisting 30 MCQs conducted at the end of ***:There was vast difference observed in the post assessment results as compared to the pre assessment *** the end of the course final assessment was carried out which gave an overall impression of vast change(83.3%)in awareness regarding bio risk management among the graduate students,which reflected the efficacy of this *** ensure the validity of results and the intention to improvise the quality of course in future,feedback regardi

关键词： Antimicrobial resistance Extended spectrum beta lactamase(ESBL) Urinary tract infections(UTIs) Gram negative bacteria(GNB)

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ROlE OF INTERNATIONAl ORGANIZATIONS IN DEVElOPMENT OF BIOTECHNOlOGY

ROlE OF INTERNATIONAl ORGANIZATIONS IN DEVElOPMENT OF BIOTEC...

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作者： kauser Abdulla Malik Pakistan Academy of Sciences （PAS） The World Academy of Sciences（TWAS）

＜正＞Several International Organizations have been instrumental in the development of Biotechnology in the *** the early 1980s,USAID provided initial training support by providing Fellowships to our young scientists ...

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REGUlATIONS FOR COMMERCIAl EXPlOITATION OF BIOTECHNOlOGY

REGUlATIONS FOR COMMERCIAl EXPlOITATION OF BIOTECHNOlOGY

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作者： kauser Abdulla Malik Pakistan Academy of Sciences （PAS） The World Academy of Sciences（TWAS）

＜正＞In the past there have been important impediments in the way of commercial exploitation of the products of *** included a loose and disorganized Intellectual Property Rights（IPR）and non existence of biosafety ...

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PROFIlE OF KEY BIOTECH INSTITUTES

PROFIlE OF KEY BIOTECH INSTITUTES

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作者： kauser Abdulla Malik Pakistan Academy of Sciences （PAS） The World Academy of Sciences（TWAS）

＜正＞The Biotech Centers in the public sector are at different stages of *** ones in the Universities have been essentially involved in the development of human ***,there are only a few which have some deliverable pr...

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JOINT VENTURES

JOINT VENTURES

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作者： kauser Abdulla Malik Pakistan Academy of Sciences （PAS） The World Academy of Sciences（TWAS）

＜正＞Joint venture in Biotechnology is still at initial *** are only a few industries which have entered into joint venture agreements with the foreign *** the agriculture sector,Guard Rice,a Lahore based company,has entered into a joint venture with the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences through their authorized agents M/S Biocentury and M/S Silver *** other MNCs,

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EMERGING TECHNOlOGIES

EMERGING TECHNOlOGIES

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作者： kauser Abdulla Malik Pakistan Academy of Sciences （PAS） The World Academy of Sciences（TWAS）

＜正＞*** ON HUMAN PHARMACEUTICAl PROTEIN The researchers in Medical Molecular Biology Group at NCEMB and SBS have cloned several pharmaceutical protein genes which provide an excellent resource material for large scale production of human interferon Alfa 2a,insulin,human albumin,Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor（G-CSF）,

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HUMAN RESOURCE DEVElOPMENT

HUMAN RESOURCE DEVElOPMENT

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作者： kauser Abdulla Malik Pakistan Academy of Sciences （PAS） The World Academy of Sciences（TWAS）

＜正＞For venturing into any Biotech project,it is essential to have appropriate skilled *** Government of Pakistan,with a view to support the knowledge-based economy,established the Higher education Commission（HEC）...

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