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SURFACE RHEOLOGY OF POLYMERIC SOLIDS

Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2000年第3期18卷 239-248页

作者： Tisato Kajiyama Keiji tanaka Noriaki Satomi Atsushi Takahara Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering.Kyushu University6-10-1 HakozakiHigashi-kuFukuoka 812-8581Japan

Surface molecular motions of amorphous polymeric solids have been directly measured on the basis of scanningviscoelasticity microscopic(SVM)and lateral force microscopic(LFM)*** and LFM measurements werecarried out for films of conventional monodisperse polystyrene(PS)with sec-butyl and proton-terminated end groups atroom *** the case of the number-average molecular weight,M_(n),less than ca.4.0×10^(4),the surface was in a glass-rubber transition state even though the bulk glass transition temperature,T_(g)was far above room temperature,meaning thatthe surface molecular motion was fairly active compared with that in the *** measurements of the,monodisperse PSfilms at various scanning rates and temperatures revealed that the time-temperature superposition was applicable to thesurface mechanical relaxation behavior and also that the surface glass transition temperature,T_(g)^(σ),was depressed incomparison with the bulk one even though the magnitude of M_n was fairly high at 1.40×10~*** surface molecular motionof monodisperse PS with various chain end groups was investigated on the basis of temperature-dependent scanningviscoelasticity microscopy(TDSVM).The T_(g)^(σ)s for the PS films with M_n of 4.9×10^(6)to 1.45×10^(6)measured by TDSVMwere smaller than those for the bulk one,with corresponding M_ns,and the T_(g)^(σ)s for M_ns smaller than ca.4.0×10^(4)were lowerthan room temperature(293 K).The active thermal molecular motion at the polymeric solid surface can be interpreted interms of an excess free volume near the surface region induced by the surface localization of chain end *** the case ofM_n=ca.5.0×10^(4),the T_(g)^(σ)s for theα,ω-diamino-terminated PS(α,ω-PS(NH_2)_2)andα,ω-dicarboxy-terminated PS(α,ω-PS(COOH)_2)films were higher than that of the PS *** change of T_(g)^(σ)for the PS film with various chain end groups canbe explained in terms of the depth distribution of chain end groups at the surface region depending on

关键词： Surface rheology Chain end groups Scanning force microscope

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HYDRATION AND PHASE SEPARATION OF TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE WATER-SOLUBLE POLYMERS

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2011年第1期29卷 13-21页

作者： Fumihiko tanaka Tsuyoshi Koga Hiroyuki Kojima Francoise M.Winnik Department of Polymer Chemistry Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Department of Chemistry and Faculty of Pharmacy University of Montréal

Collapse of a poly（N-isopropylacrylamide）（PNIPAM） chain upon heating and phase diagrams of aqueous PNIPAM solutions with very fiat LCST phase separation line are theoretically studied on the basis of cooperative dehydration （simultaneous dissociation of bound water molecules in a group of correlated sequence）, and compared with the experimental observation of temperature-induced coil-globule transition by light scattering methods. The transition becomes sharper with the cooperativity parameter σ of hydration. Reentrant coil-globule-coil transition in mixed solvent of water and methanol is also studied from the viewpoint of competitive hydrogen bonds between polymer-water and polymer-methanol. The downward shift of the cloud-point curves （LCST cononsolvency） with the mole fraction of methanol due to the competition is calculated and compared with the experimental data. Aqueous solutions of hydophobically-modified PNIPAM carrying short alkyl chains at both chain ends （telechelic PNIPAM） are theoretically and experimentally studied. The LCST of these solutions is found to shift downward along the sol-gel transition curve as a result of end-chain association （association-induced phase separation）, and separate from the coil-globule transition line. Associated structures in the solution, such as flower micelles, mesoglobules and higher fractal assembly, are studied by USANS with theoretical modeling of the scattering function.

关键词： Cooperative dehydration LCST phase separation Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Cononsolvency Coil-globule transition Flower micelle.

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THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF STRESS DISTRIBUTION IN WEDGE-SHAPED GRANULAR HEAPS

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2014年第1期27卷 28-40页

作者： Thirapong Pipatpongsa Tadaki Matsushita Maho tanaka Shinichi Kanazawa Katsuyuki Kawai Global Scientific Information and Computing Center Tokyo Institute of Technology Department of International Development Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Maeda Corporation Nishimatsu Construction Co. Ltd Research Center for Urban Safety and Security Kobe University

The present work explains the statics of self-weight transmission restricted to a long prismatic heap inclined at an angle of repose and symmetrically formed on a rigid base. The closure of polarized principal axes with the mobilized state of stress along the slope surface is employed by imposing the orientation of principal stresses on the equilibrium equations. Comparisons were made with calculations based on the finite element method using an elastic model. Moreover, experiments on sand heaps deposited on a rectangular rigid base were conducted to validate the theoretical study. The measured pressure profile generally agreed well with theoretical results.

关键词： granular materials sand continuum medium analytical method finite element method experimental techniques

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Comparison of luminescent properties of helicene-like bibenzothiophenes with o-carborane and 5,6-dicarba-nidodecaborane

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Science China Chemistry 2018年第8期61卷 940-946页

作者： Kenta Nishino Kazushi Hashimoto Kazuo tanaka Yasuhiro Morisaki Yoshiki Chujo Department of Polymer Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University

This article describes comparison of the anchoring effect on electronic properties of the helicene-like bibenzothiophene between o-carborane and 5,6-dicarba-nido-decaborane. The o-carborane and nido-decaborane-fused bibenzothiophenes were simultaneously obtained in the same reaction and successfully isolated. Initially, the X-ray single crystal analysis revealed that the helicene-like distorted structure was realized in the nido-decaborane-fused bibenzothiophene. From optical measurements in the solution state, distinct different characteristics depending on the type of anchors were observed. It was summarized that the absorption and luminescent properties originated from weak π-conjugation at the bibenzothiophene moiety in the o-carboranefused compound were obtained, whereas robust π-conjugation and significant emission from the intramolecular charge transfer state were detected from the nido-decaborane-fused compound. These data can be explained by the theoretical results that π-conjugation was restrictedly developed within the bibenzothiophene moiety in frontier orbitals of the o-carborane-fused compound. In contrast, π-conjugation can be constructed even through the distorted bibenzothiophene because of the nido-decaborane unit. Moreover, the intramolecular charge transfer state should be realized because of electronic interaction involving the nido-decaborane unit in the excited state. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the nido-decaborane-fused compound possessed solid-state emission and mechanochromic luminescent properties. The π-conjugation on the distorted structure supported by the nido-decaborane anchor should play a significant role in suppressing aggregation-caused quenching followed by presenting solid-state emission with stimuli responsiveness.

关键词： carborane helicene mechanochromism aggregation-induced emission

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Practical BRDF reconstruction using reliable geometric regions from multi-view stereo

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Computational Visual Media 2019年第4期5卷 325-336页

作者： Taishi Ono Hiroyuki Kubo Kenichiro tanaka Takuya Funatomi Yasuhiro Mukaigawa Nara Institute of Science and Technology IkomaNara 630-0192Japan

In this paper,we present a practical method for reconstructing the bidirectional reflectance distribution function(BRDF)from multiple images of a real object composed of a homogeneous *** key idea is that the BRDF can be sampled after geometry estimation using multi-view stereo(MVS)*** contribution is selection of reliable samples of lighting,surface normal,and viewing directions for robustness against estimation errors of *** method is quantitatively evaluated using synthesized images and its effectiveness is shown via real-world experiments.

关键词： BRDF reconstruction multi-view stereo(MVS) photogrammetry rendering

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Mizoribine in the treatment of pediatric-onset glomerular disease

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2015年第2期11卷 108-112页

作者： Hiroshi tanaka Kazushi Tsuruga Taddatsu Imaizumi Department of School Health Science Faculty of EducationHirosaki UniversityHirosaki 036-8560Japan Department of Pediatrics Hirosaki University HospitalHirosaki 036-8563Japan Department of Vacular Biology Graduate School of MedicineHirosaki UniversityHirosaki 036-8562Japan

Background:Mizoribine(MZR)is a selective inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase,a key enzyme in the pathway responsible for de novo synthesis of guanine *** an immunosuppressant,MZR has been used successfully without any serious adverse effects in the treatment of renal diseases in children as well as *** its immunosuppressive effect,MZR has been reported to ameliorate tubulointerstitial fibrosis in rats via suppression of macrophage *** Sources:In this review,we summarize reported possible benefits of MZR in the treatment of pediatric-onset glomerular ***:We recently observed that MZR itself selectively attenuates the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 at both the mRNA and protein levels in human mesangial *** MZR binds specifically to 14-3-3 proteins and heat shock protein 60,both of which are reportedly expressed in inflamed glomeruli,MZR may bind directly to inflamed glomerular cells,thereby possibly preventing progressive damage from glomerulonephritis through a suppressive effect on activated macrophages and intrinsic renal ***,it has recently been reported that MZR directly prevents podocyte injury through correction of the intracellular energy balance and nephrin biogenesis in cultured podocyte and rat models,suggesting a direct anti-proteinuric effect of ***:These beneficial mechanisms of action of MZR as well as its immunosuppressive effect would warrant its use in the treatment of pediatric-onset glomerular *** further studies remain to be done,we believe that MZR may be an attractive treatment of choice for children with glomerular diseases from a histologic as well as clinical standpoint.

关键词： macrophage infiltration mesangial cells mizoribine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 podocytes

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Cyclic behavior of soils and numerical analyses in cold regions and seismic zones

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2015年第5期7卷 492-502页

作者： Tadatsugu tanaka The Japan Association of Rural Resource Recycling Solutions

The solutions of boundary value problems involving strain-softening material property contain serious difficulties from both modeling of strain-localization and a viewpoint of numerical procedure. Mesh size-dependent hardening modulus is considered to alleviate the mesh size-dependency of the solution. The elasto-plastic soil model with kinematic hardening model considering the cumulative deformation by cyclic loading is developed. In finite element analyses, the dynamic relaxation method combined with the generalized return-mapping algorithm is applied to the static drained and un-drained tri-axial tests and plane strain tests. The cyclic behavior of retaining wall problems by freeze and thaw in cold regions is also analyzed. Finally the dynamic progressive failure analysis of rockfill dam is carried out.

关键词： strain softening shear band kinematic hardening endochronic theory

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Significance of preoperatively observed detrusor overactivity as a predictor of continence status early after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第6期16卷 869-872页

作者： Akihiro Yanagiuchi Hideaki Miyake Kazushi tanaka Masato Fujisawa Division of Urology Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine 7-5-1 Kusunoki-Cho Chuo-Ku Kobe Japan.

Several recent studies have reported the involvement of bladder dysfunction in the delayed recovery of urinary continence following radical prostatectomy （RP）. The objective of this study was to investigate the significance of detrusor overactivity （DO） as a predictor of the early continence status following robot-assisted RP （RARP）. This study included 84 consecutive patients with prostate cancer undergoing RARP. Urodynamic studies, including filling cystometry, pressure flow study, electromyogram of the external urethral sphincter and urethral pressure profile, were performed in these patients before surgery. Urinary continence was defined as the use of either no or one pad per day as a precaution only. DO was preoperatively observed in 30 patients （35.7%）, and 55 （65.5%） and 34 （40.5%） were judged to be incontinent 1 and 3 months after RARP, respectively. At both 1 and 3 months after RARP, the incidences of incontinence in patients with DO were significantly higher than in those without DO. Of several demographic and urodynamic parameters, univariate analyses identified DO and maximal urethral closure pressure （MUCP） as significant predictors of the continence status at both 1 and 3 months after RARP. Furthermore, DO and MUCP appeared to be independently associated with the continence at both I and 3 months after RARP on multivariate analysis. These findings suggest that preoperatively observed DO could be a significant predictor of urinary incontinence early after RARP; therefore, it is recommended to perform urodynamic studies for patients who are scheduled to undergo RARP in order to comprehensively evaluate their preoperative vesicourethral functions.

关键词： detrusor overactivity robot-assisted radical prostatectomy urinary incontinence

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Analysis of flow around impermeable groynes on one side of symmetrical compound channel:An experimental study

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Water Science and Engineering 2010年第1期3卷 56-66页

作者： Hassan SafiAHMED Mohammad Mahdi HASAN Norio tanaka Civil Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringSouth Valley University Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Institute for Environmental Science and Technology Saitama University

This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the influences of floodplain impermeable groynes on flow structure, velocity, and water depth around the groyne（s）. A wooden symmetrical compound channel was used. Groyne models with three different groyne relative lengths, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0, were used on one floodplain with single and series arrangements. Analysis of the experimental results using the measured flow velocity and water depth values showed that flow structure, velocity, and water depth mainly depend on groyne relative length and the relative distance between series groynes. The flow velocity at the main channel centerline increased by about 40%, 60%, and 85%, and in other parts on the horizontal plane at the floodplain mid-water, depth by about 75%, 125%, and 175% of its original value in eases of one-side floodplain groyne（s） with relative lengths of 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0, respectively. The effective distance between two groynes in series arrangement ranges from 3 to 4 times the groyne length. Using an impermeable groyne with a large relative length in river floodplains increases the generation of eddy and roller zones downstream of the groyne, leading to more scouring and deposition. To avoid that, the groyne relative length must be kept below half the floodplain width,

关键词： impermeable groyne symmetrical compound channel floodplain flow structure

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Decrease of reactive-oxygen-producing granulocytes and release of IL-10 into the peripheral blood following leukocytapheresis in patients with active ulcerative colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第20期11卷 3085-3090页

作者： Hiroyuki Hanai Takayuki Iida Ken Takeuchi Fumitoshi Watanabe Yasuhiko Maruyama Masataka Kikuyama Tatsuo tanaka Kenji Kondo Kou tanaka Kenji Takai Department of Endoscopic and Photodynamic Medicine Hamamatsu University School of Medicine HamamatsuJapan Department of Gastroenterology Fujieda Municipal General Hospital FujiedaJapan Department of Gastroenterology Hamamatsu Rosai Hospital Hamamatsu Japan tanaka Clinic Shizuoka Japan SRL Inc. Tokyo Japan

AIM: To investigate the clinical efficacy of leukocytapheresis (LCAP) in patients with active ulcerative colitis (UC), and to elucidate the mechanisms by determining the changes in the cytokine levels in the peripheral blood and of the functions of the peripheral blood leukocytes in these patients. METHODS: The subjects were 19 patients with active UC, with a mean clinical activity index (CAI) of 9.2. The LCAP was conducted using Cellsorba E. In each session of LCAP, 2-3 L of blood at the flow rate of 30-50 mL/min was processed. The treatment was carried out in approximately 1-h sessions, once a week, for 5-10 wk. Blood samples for determination of the cytokine levels were collected from the inflow side of the column (site of dehematization; at the start of LCAP) and outflow side of the column (at the end of LCAP). Blood samples for the determination of reactive-oxygen-producing cells were collected from the peripheral blood before and after LCAP. RESULTS: LCAP resulted in clinical improvement in all the 19 patients of UC recruited for this study. Remission (CAI: ≤4) was noted in 15 (79%) of the 19 patients. The blood level of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 was found to be decreased following treatment by LCAP, and the level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 at the outflow side of the LCAP column was found to be significantly elevated as compared to that at the inflow side of the column. The reactive-oxygen-producing granulocytes in the peripheral blood of UC patients was increased as compared to that in healthy persons and the increase was found to be decreased following treatment by LCAP. CONCLUSION: LCAP exerted a high therapeutic efficacy in patients with active UC. Our findings suggest that LCAP is associated with enhanced production of the inhibitory cytokine IL-10 to indirectly inhibit the functions of the inflammatory leukocytes, and that inflammation is also considerably attenuated by the direct removal of reactive-oxygen-producing neutrophils fro

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Reactive-oxygen Leukocyta-pheresis Interleukin-10

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