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Alanine Aminotransferase as the First Test Parameter for Wilson's Disease

Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2019年第4期7卷 293-296页

作者： Hisao Hayashi Kazumasa Watanabe Ayano Inui Ayako kato Yasuaki Tatsumi Akihiko Okumura Tomoo Fujisawa Koichi kato Department of Medicine Aichi Gakuin University School of PharmacyChikusa-kuNagoyaJapan Department of Gastroenterology Kainan HospitalYatomiJapan Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Saiseikai Yokohama Toub HospitalYokohamaKanagawaJapan

Background and Aims: The liver is the first organ affected by toxic copper in the classical and severe hepatic forms of Wilson's disease(WD).Because their associated chronic liver damage is mostly asymptomatic,an intervention using a special test including serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)activity is needed for detecting ***: Using the modified international criteria for the diagnosis of WD,45 patients were selected from the collective databases of our institutions,and 7 infants were reviewed from the *** patients had the severe hepatic form,with nor-moceruloplasminemia and no mutations in *** rapid ALT change during hemolytic anemia was adjusted for a *** diagnostic potential of the ALT test was assessed from the age-dependent natural course of the liver damage of ***: The natural course had three *** were still low in some infants younger than 4 *** were high in all children between the ages of 4 and 8 years-old;then,they reduced to low levels in some patients over 9 years of *** high ALT stage represents chronic active hepatitis,and the sub-sequent low ALT stage is due to silent *** hepatic cop-per content is a reliable but invasive test,while urinary copper secretion is an alternative,non-invasive test for copper toxicosis of *** serum ceruloplasmin and ATP7B analyses are sub-type tests of *** response to anti-copper regimens is the final test ***: ALTcould be the first parameter to test to detect WD in children between the ages of 4 and 8 years.

关键词： Alanine aminotransferase ATP7B Ceruloplasmin Chronic active hepatitis Wilson's disease

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Weight-based dosing of Ienvatinib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第2期9卷 253-254页

作者： Sadahisa Ogasawara Yoshihiko Ooka Naoya kato Department of Gastroenterology Graduate School of MedicineChiba UniversityChibaJapan Translational Research and Development Center Chiba University HospitalChibaJapan

Lenvatinib is an oral molecular target agent that blocks vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1-3,fibroblast growth factor receptors 1-4,platelet-derived growth factor receptorα,RET,and *** is noninferior,but not statistically superior,to sorafenib with regard to overall survival,according to the findings of a phase 3 trial of lenvatinib versus sorafenib as first-line therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)(the REFLECT trial)(1).Nowadays,lenvatinib has been approved all over the world and has become the second front-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor in patients with advanced *** recommendations for starting lenvatinib therapy for advanced HCC are different from those for other molecular target agents in patient with advanced HCC in that dose is based on body weight(≥60 kg:12 mg once daily;<60 kg:8 mg once daily).The aim of this article is to discuss the weight-based dosing of lenvatinib for advanced HCC.

关键词： hepatocellular starting finding

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Prediction of slope failure due to earthquake

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第16期54卷 2888-2894页

作者： CHEN XiaoLi kato Nobuaki TSUNAKI Ryosuke MUKAI Keiji Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing 100029 China SABO Technical Center (STC) Tokyo ┯102-0074 Japan

The earthquake-triggered landslides and slope failures are common phenomena during strong earthquakes and have drawn more attention from the world because of severe hazards they induced. These hazards usually cannot be prevented by current mitigating measures, thus, it becomes more and more important to develop a precise technique for the risk assessment of earthquake-induced failures in the mountainous area. The application of discrimination analysis method is proved to be successful and effective in the prediction of earthquake-triggered landslides and slope failures in the region of Imokawa Basin in Japan. Discriminant score can be used to assess the relative risk of slope failures, as the score increases, the possibility of slope failures occurrence increases accordingly. At the same time, the variables in the judgement formula, such as slope gradient, slope curvature and seismic peak ground acceleration, are easy to obtain. This advantage makes this method more practical and manipulable than others at present. In order to apply this method more effectively, there are still several problems to resolve.

关键词：强烈地震倒塌预测山体滑坡风险评估峰值加速度地震预报危险度

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Reduction behaviors of permanganate by microbial cells and concomitant accumulation of divalent cations of Mg2+, Zn2+, and Co2+

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第12期31卷 78-86页

作者： Tomoaki kato Qianqian Yu Kazuya Tanaka Naofumi Kozai Takumi Saito Toshihiko Ohnuki School of Environment and Society Tokyo Institute of Technology2-12-1 OofcayamaMeguro-fcuTokyo 152-8550Japan School of Earth Science China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Advanced Science Research Center Japan Atomic Energy AgencyTokaiIbaraki 319-1195Japan Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of Technology2-12-1 OokayamaMeguro-kuTokyo 152-8550Japan The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 HongoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8654Japan

Permanganate treatment is widely used for disinfection of bacteria in surface-contaminated *** this paper,the fate of the dissolved permanganate in aqueous solution after contact with cells of Pseudomonas fluorescens was *** accumulation of divalent cations of Mg2+,Zn2+,and Co2+during precipitation of Mn oxides was also *** time course of the Mn concentration in solution showed an abrupt decrease after contact of Mn(VII)with microbial cells,followed by an increase after^24 *** analysis of the precipitated Mn oxides,called biomass Mn oxides,showed the formation of low-crystalline *** spectroscopy and X-ray absorption near edge structure(XANES)analyses indicated that dissolved Mn(VII)was reduced to form biomass Mn oxides involving Mn(IV)and Mn(III),followed by reduction to soluble Mn(II).The numbers of electron transferred from microbial cells to permanganate and to biomass Mn oxides for 24 hr after the contact indicated that the numbers of electron transfer from microbial cell was approximately 50 times higher to dissolved permanganate than to the biomass Mn oxides in present experimental *** 24 hr accumulation of divalent cations during formation of biomass Mn oxides was in the order of Co2+>Zn2+>Mg2+.XANES analysis of Co showed that oxidation of Co2+to Co3+resulted in higher accumulation of Co than Zn and ***,treatment of surface water by KMnO4 solution is effective not only for disinfection of microorganisms,but also for the elimination of metal cations from surface water.

关键词： Permanganate Cobalt Zinc Biomass Mn oxides Birnessite XANES

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Iron overload and cofactors with special reference to alcohol,hepatitis C virus infection and steatosis/insulin resistance

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第35期13卷 4699-4706页

作者： Yutaka Kohgo Katsuya Ikuta Takaaki Ohtake Yoshihiro Torimoto Junji kato Division of Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology Department of MedicineAsahikawa Medical CollegeMidorigaoka-higashi 2-1Asahikawa 078-8510Japan Fourth Department of Internal Medicine Sapporo Medical UniversitySouth-1West-14ChuokuSapporo 060-0030Japan

There are several cofactors which affect body iron metabolism and accelerate iron overload. Alcohol and hepatic viral infections are the most typical examples for clarifying the role of cofactors in iron overload. In these conditions, iron is deposited in hepatocytes and Kupffer cells and reactive oxygen species （ROS） produced through Fenton reaction have key role to facilitate cellular uptake of transferrin-bound iron. Furthermore, hepcidin, antimicrobial peptide produced mainly in the liver is also responsible for intestinal iron absorption and reticuloendothelial iron release. In patients with ceruloplasmin deficiency, anemia and secondary iron overload in liver and neurodegeneration are reported. Furthermore, there is accumulating evidence that fatty acid accumulation without alcohol and obesity itself modifies iron overload states. Ineffective erythropoiesis is also an important factor to accelerate iron overload, which is associated with diseases such as thalassemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. When this condition persists, the dietary iron absorption is increased due to the increment of bone marrow erythropoiesis and tissue iron overload will thereafter occurs. In porphyria cutanea tarda, iron is secondarily accumulated in the liver.

关键词： Iron overload Cofactors Alcohol Chronic hepatic C Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Insulin resistance Hepatocellular carcinoma

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Excitation and decay dynamics of 1s2s inner-shell double-vacancy states of neon atoms

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Chinese Physics B 2008年第2期17卷 592-598页

作者：丁晓彬董晨钟 Fumihiro Koike Takako kato Stephan Fritzsche College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Northwest Normal University Center of Theoretical Nuclear Physics National laboratory of Heavy-Ion Accelerator of Lanzhou Physics Department School of MedicineKitasato University1-15-1 Kitasato228-8555Japan National Institute for Fusion Science Department of Physics University of KasselHeinrich-Plett-Straβe 40D-34132KasselGermany

The photo-excitation and Auger decay processes of inner-shell double vacancy states 1s2s2p^6（1,3^S）3s3p of neutral neon atoms have been studied theoretically. Multi-configuration Dirac-Fock （MCDF） calculations have been carried out, with electron correlation effects taken into consideration. The relaxation of core and excited orbitals and configuration interaction are found to be crucial to creating the double vacancy states by single photo-absorption. The predominant decay paths for the double vacancy states turn out to be of the LLM Auger decay to 1s 2s^22p^53s（3p）, KLL Auger decay to 1s^22s2p^43s3p, and KLM Auger decay to 1s^22p^63s（3p）. They lead to further Auger decay, creating the neon ions of multiple charge states. For both double and single vacancy states the spectator type of Auger process is dominated in all the Auger decay processes. Theoretical Anger electron spectra are presented for further investigations, experimental and theoretical.

关键词： correlation effects multi-configuration Dirac-Fock (MCDF) method Auger decay

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Different effects of ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin and obestatin on gastroduodenal motility in conscious rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第41期14卷 6318-6326页

作者： Mineko Fujimiya Akihiro Asakawa Koji Ataka Ikuo kato Akio Inui Department of Anatomy Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Department of Behavioral Medicine Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Research Institute Taiko Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Hokuriku University

Three peptides, ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin and obestatin are derived from a common prohormone, preproghrelin by posttranslational processing, originating from endocrine cells in the stomach. To examine the effects of these peptides, we applied the manometric mea- surement of gastrointestinal motility in freely moving conscious rat models. Ghrelin exerts stimulatory ef- fects on the motility of antrum and duodenum in both fed and fasted state of animals. Des-acyl ghrelin exerts inhibitory effects on the motility of antrum, but not on the motility of duodenum in the fasted state of ani- mals. Obestatin exerts inhibitory effects on the motility of antrum and duodenum in the fed state, but not in the fasted state of animals. NPY Y2 or Y4 receptors in the brain may mediate the action of ghrelin, CRF type 2 receptors in the brain mediate the action of des-acyl ghrelin, whereas CRF type 1 and type 2 receptors in the brain mediate the action of obestatin. Vagal afferent pathways might be involved in the action of ghre- lin, but not involved in the action of des-acyl ghrelin, whereas vagal afferent pathways might be partially involved in the action of obestatin.

关键词： Ghrelin Des-acyl ghrelin Obestatin Gastrointestinal motility Hypothalamus

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Pneumococcal infection transmission between family members with congenital asplenia: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第24期7卷 4277-4284页

作者： Jumpei Shibata Kazuhiro Hiramatsu Tuneaki Kenzaka Takehito kato Department of General Surgery Toyohashi Municipal Hospital50 Aza Hachiken NishiAotake-ChoAichi 4418570ToyohashiJapan Division of Community Medicine and Career Development Kobe University Graduate School of MedicineHyogo 6520032KobeJapan

BACKGROUND Asplenia,the lack of a spleen,can be congenital and increases susceptibility to severe infections caused by encapsulated bacteria,such as Streptococcus pneumoniae(***).We report two cases of severe pneumococcal infection in two asplenic family members living in the same *** SUMMARY Patient 1,a 38-year-old man with a history of congenital hepatitis B infection and hypospadias,was brought to our emergency department with complaints of cyanosis,cough,and edema of his *** was clinically diagnosed as hyposplenic with overwhelming pneumococcal *** was admitted to the intensive care unit and was administered antibiotics and catecholaminergic therapy but died 2 h after *** 2,a 63-year-old woman with a history of type 2 diabetes,was brought to our emergency department one month after admission of Patient *** was diagnosed as asplenic with overwhelming pneumococcal ***-taking revealed that she was the mother of Patient 1 and the two had lived in the same *** was admitted to the intensive care unit and was rapidly provided antibiotics and catecholaminergic intervention but died one day after *** Pneumococcal bacteremia caused by virulent *** may be transmitted within *** residents of households where individuals with pneumococcal bacteremia are living should be educated about the risk of *** members of patients with congenital asplenia/hyposplenia,all family members should be examined to assess their splenic function.

关键词： Streptococcus pneumoniae Pneumococcal infection Asplenia Hyposplenia Isolated congenital asplenia Septic shock Case report

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Erythropoietin ameliorates early ischemia-reperfusion injury following the Pringle maneuver

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第38期16卷 4838-4845页

作者： Masato kato Tokihiko Sawada Junji Kita Mitsugi Shimoda Keiichi Kubota Second Department of Surgery Dokkyo Medical UniversityKitakobayash 880

AIM:To investigate the protective effect of erythropoietin (Epo) against ischemia-reperfusion injury (IR/I) following the Pringle maneuver (PM),in comparison with conventional steroid administration in a prospective randomized trial. METHODS:Patients were randomized by age, sex, diagnosis, and surgical method, and assigned to three groups:(1) A steroid group (STRD, n= 9) who received 100 mg of hydrocortisone before PM, and on postoperative days 1, 2 and 3, followed by tapering until postoperative day 7; (2) An EPO1 group (n=10) who received 30 000 U of Epo before the PM and at the end of surgery; and (3) An EPO2 group (n=8) who received 60 000 U of Epo before the PM. Hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lactate, interleukin-6 (IL-6),and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α were measured before and just after (Day 0) surgery, and on postoperative days 1, 3, 7 and 14. RESULTS: There were no increases in Hb and Ht in the EPO1 and EPO2 groups. AST was signif icantly lower in EPO1 than in STRD on Day 0 (P=0.041), and lower in EPO1 than in STRD and EPO2 on Day 1 (P=0.018). ALT was signif icantly lower in EPO1 than in STRD and EPO2 on Day 0 (P=0.020) and Day 1 (P=0.004). There were no signif icant inter-group differences in the levels of LDH and lactate. IL-6 was signif icantly lower in EPO1 than in STRD and EPO2 on Day 0 (P=0.0036) and Day 1 (P=0.0451). TNF-α was signif icantly lower in EPO1 than in STRD and EPO2 on Day 0 (P=0.0006) and Day 1 (P<0.0001). Furthermore, hospitalization was signif icantly shorter in EPO1 and EPO2 than in ***:Epo has greater potential than steroids to ameliorate IR/I after the PM. Epo at a dose of 30000 U, administered before PM and just after surgery, yields better results.

关键词： Erythropoietin Hepatic resection Pringle maneuver Steroid Prospective randomized study

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Photoluminescence, scintillation and thermally-stimulated luminescence properties of Tb-doped 12CaO·7Al2O3 single crystals grown by FZ method

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Journal of Rare Earths 2017年第10期35卷 957-963页

作者： Narumi Kumamoto Daisuke Nakauchi Takumi kato Go Okada Noriaki Kawaguchi Takayuki Yanagida Graduate School of Materials Science Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) 8916-5 Takayama-cho Ikoma-shi Nara 630-0192 Japan

Tb-doped 12CaO·7Al_2O_3（Tb：C12A7） crystals were synthesized by the floating zone（FZ） method and the photoluminescence（PL）, scintillation and thermally-stimulated luminescence（TSL） properties were investigated. The photoluminescence（PL） emission spectra and PL decay time profiles were investigated by using Quantaurus-tau（Hamamatsu）. The scintillation spectra and decay time profiles were measured by using our laboratory-constructed set-up under X-ray irradiation. Finally, TSL glow curve was measured by using Nanogray TL-2000 with the heating rate of 1 °C/s. In PL and scintillation, emission peaks were observed at 493, 543, 587 and 620 nm due to the 4f-4f transitions of Tb3~＋. Decay time constants of the emission by PL and scintillation appeared to be different, and the measured values were approximately 2.4 and 1.9 ms, respectively. After X-ray irradiations, the 0.5%（all Tb contents in this paper are in mole fraction） and 1.0% Tb-doped samples showed a single intense and broad glow peak around 100 oC while 1.2%–1.5% Tb-doped samples showed notable additional peak around 250 oC.

关键词： C12A7 single crystal FZ terbium scintillation photoluminescence TSL rare earths

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