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A system for underground road condition monitoring

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International journal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第3期30卷 405-411页

作者： Max Astrand Erik jakobsson Martin Lindfors john svensson KTH Royal Institute of Technology SE-10044 StockholmSweden ABB Corporate Research SE-72226 VästeråsSweden Epiroc SE-70191ÖrebroSweden Linköping University SE-58183 LinköpingSweden Boliden Mines SE-93632 BolidenSweden

Poor road conditions in underground mine tunnels can lead to decreased production efficiency and increased wear on production vehicles. A prototype system for road condition monitoring is presented in this paper to counteract this. The system consists of three components i.e. localization, road monitoring, and scheduling. The localization of vehicles is performed using a Rao-Blackwellized extended particle filter, combining vehicle mounted sensors with signal strengths of Wi Fi access points. Two methods for road monitoring are described: a Kalman filter used together with a model of the vehicle suspension system, and a relative condition measure based on the power spectral density. Lastly, a method for taking automatic action on an ill-conditioned road segment is proposed in the form of a rescheduling *** scheduling algorithm is based on the large neighborhood search and is used to integrate road service activities in the short-term production schedule while minimizing introduced production *** system is demonstrated on experimental data collected in a Swedish underground mine.

关键词： Localization Road condition monitoring Scheduling Underground mining

High-resolution 1D moire s as counterfeit security features

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Light(Science & Applications) 2013年第1期2卷 119-123页

作者： Victor j Cadarso Sylvain Chosson katrin Sidler Roger D Hersch jurgen Brugger Microsystems laboratory Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne(EPFL)Lausanne 1015Switzerland Peripheral Systems Laboratory EPFLLausanne 1015Switzerland

A moireis an interference pattern that appears when two different periodic structures are *** image created is extremely sensitive to small variations in the original layers and is thus very interesting for anti-counterfeit *** present a microfabricated 1D moire enabling complex high-resolution patterns as a significantly improved security feature that cannot be reproduced using standard printing ***,we demonstrate,theoretically and experimentally,that a microscopic deviation from the original design results in a macroscopic variation in the moire that is clearly visible to the naked *** record resolution achieved in the elements fabricated and the increased design freedom,make these high-resolution moires excellent candidates for a variety of visually appealing security applications.

关键词： anti-counterfeiting micro-optical devices moire´effect optical security

Using the USLE: Chances, challenges and limitations of soil erosion modelling

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2019年第3期7卷 203-225页

作者： Christine Alewell Pasquale Borrelli katrin Meusburger Panos Panagos Environmental Geosciences University of BaselSwitzerland Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape ResearchBirmensdorfSwitzerland European Commission Joint Research CenterIspraItaly

To give soils and soil degradation,which are among the most crucial threats to ecosystem stability,social and political visibility,small and large scale modelling and mapping of soil erosion is *** most widely used approaches during an 80year history of erosion modelling are Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE)-type based algorithms which have been applied in 109 *** soil erosion by water (excluding gully erosion and land sliding),we start this review with a statistical evaluation of nearly 2,000 publications).We discuss model developments which use USLE-type equations as basis or side modules,but we also address recent development of the single USLE parameters (R,K,LS,C,P).Importance,aim and limitations of model validation as well as a comparison of USLE-type models with other erosion assessment tools are *** comparisons demonstrate that the application of process-based physical models (e.g.,WEPP or PESERA) does not necessarily result in lower uncertainties compared to more simple structured empirical models such as USLE-type *** identified four key areas for future research:(i) overcoming the principally different nature of modelled (gross) versus measured (net) erosion rates,in coupling on-site erosion risk to runoff patterns,and depositional regime,(ii) using the recent increase in spatial resolution of remote sensing data to develop process based models for large scale applications,(iii) strengthen and extend measurement and monitoring programs to build up validation data sets,and (iv) rigorous uncertainty assessment and the application of objective evaluation criteria to soil erosion modelling.

关键词： Universal soil loss equation RUSLE CSLE Soil redistribution Soil degradation Water erosion Model Review

The role of the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme(AMAP)in reducing pollution of the Arctic and around the globe

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第1期17卷 48-58页

作者： Lars-Otto Reiersen katrin Vorkamp Roland Kallenborn Arctic Knowledge Ltd Former Executive SecretaryArctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme(AMAP)OsloNorway Department of Environmental Science Aarhus UniversityRoskildeDenmark International joint Research Center for Arctic Environment and Ecosystem(IjRC-AEE) Polar Academy(PA)Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinPR China Faculty of Chemistry Biotechnology and Food ScienceNorwegian University of Life Sciences(NMBU)ÅsNorway University of the Arctic(UArctic) RovaniemiFinland

This article presents the initiation and implementation of a systematic scientific and political cooperation in the Arctic related to environmental pollution and climate change,with a special focus on the role of the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme(AMAP).The AMAP initiative has coordinated monitoring and assessments of environmental pollution across countries and parameters for the entire Arctic *** from a first scientific assessment in 1998,AMAP's work has been fundamental in recognizing,understanding and addressing environmental and human health issues in the Arctic,including those of persistent organic pollutants(POPs),mercury,radioactivity,oil,acidification and climate *** scientific results have contributed at local and international levels to define and take measures towards reducing the pollution not only in the Arctic,but of the whole globe,especially the contaminant exposure of indigenous and local communities with a traditional *** results related to climate change have documented the rapid changes in the Arctic and the strong feedback between the Arctic and the rest of the *** lessons learned from the work in the Arctic can be beneficial for other regions where contaminants may accumulate and affect local and indigenous peoples living in a traditional way,*** the *** cooperation is indispensable in reducing the longrange transported pollution in the Arctic.

关键词： Climate change Heavy metals Human health Indigenous peoples Persistent organic pollutants Radioactivity

A multi-stage triaxial testing procedure for low permeable geomaterials applied to Opalinus Clay

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2017年第3期9卷 137-148页

作者： katrin M. Wild Marco Barla Giovanni Turinetti Florian Amann Engineering Geology Group Geological Institute ETH Zürich Sonneggstrasse 5 Zürich 8092 Switzerland Department of Structural Building and Geotechnical Engineering Politecnico di Torino Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 Torino 10129 Italy Swiss Competence Center of Energy Research Supply of Electricity (SCCER-SoE) Geological Institute ETH Zürich Sonneggstrasse 5 Zürich 8092Switzerland

In many engineering applications,it is important to determine both effective rock properties and the rock behavior which are representative for the problem’s in situ *** this purpose,rock samples are usually extracted from the ground and brought to the laboratory to perform laboratory experiments such as consolidated undrained(CU)triaxial *** low permeable geomaterials such as clay shales,core extraction,handling,storage,and specimen preparation can lead to a reduction in the degree of saturation and the effective stress state in the specimen prior to testing remains *** changes in structure and the effect of capillary pressure can alter the properties of the specimen and affect the reliability of the test results.A careful testing procedure including back-saturation,consolidation and adequate shearing of the specimen,however,can overcome these *** substantial effort has been devoted during the past decades to the establishment of a testing procedure for low permeable geomaterials,no consistent protocol can be *** a special focus on CU tests on Opalinus Clay,this study gives a review of the theoretical concepts necessary for planning and validating the results during the individual testing stages(saturation,consolidation,and shearing).The discussed tests protocol is further applied to a series of specimens of Opalinus Clay to illustrate its applicability and highlight the key aspects.

关键词： Triaxial test Saturation Consolidation Undrained Opalinus Clay Clay shale

Evaluating rock mass disturbance within open-pit excavations using seismic methods:A case study from the Hinkley Point C nuclear power station

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2021年第3期13卷 500-512页

作者： Antony Butcher Anna L.Stork james P.Verdon j-Michael Kendall katrin Plenkers Finlay Booth Marcus Boneham Adrian Koe School of Earth Sciences University of BristolWills Memorial BuildingQueen’s RoadBristolBS81RJUK Department of Earth Sciences University of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxfordOX13ANUK Gesellschaft für Materialprüfung und Geophysik(GMuG) Bad Nauheim61231Germany Mott MacDonald 10 Temple BackBristolBS16FLUK Atkins The Hub500 Park AvenueAztec WestBristolBS324RZUK Atkins The Axis10 Holliday StreetBirminghamB11TFUK

Understanding rock strength is essential when undertaking major excavation projects,as accurate assessments ensure both safe and cost-effective engineered *** the cost-safety trade-off becomes more imperative during the construction of critical infrastructure such as nuclear power stations,where key components are built within relatively deep *** these engineered slopes is reliant on rock strength models,which are generally parameterised using estimates of rock properties(*** compressive strength,rock disturbance)measured prior to the commencement of ***,the physical process of excavation weakens the remaining rock ***,the model also requires an adjustment for the anticipated rock *** practice,this parameter is difficult to quantify and as a result it is often poorly *** can have a significant impact on the final design and cost of *** present results from passive and active seismic surveys,which image the extent and degree of disturbance within recently excavated slopes at the construction site of Hinkley Point C nuclear power *** from active seismic surveys indicate that the disturbance is primarily confined to 0.5 m from the excavated *** conjunction,passive monitoring is used to detected seismic events corresponding to fracturing on the cm-scale and event locations are in agreement with 0.5 m of disturbance into the rock *** suggests rock disturbance at this site is relatively low and occurred during and immediately after the excavation.A ratio of seismic velocities recorded before and after excavations are used to determine the disturbance parameter required for the Hoek eBrown rock failure criterion,and we assess that rock disturbance is low with the magnitude of the disturbance diminishing more quickly than expected into the excavated *** methods provide a low-cost and quick method to assess excavation related rock mass disturbance,

关键词： Rock mass strength Rock disturbance Seismic tomography Piezoelectric surveys Picoseismicity Acoustic emissions

Effects of Carbon Content and Solidification Rate on the Thermal Conductivity of Grey Cast Iron

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2008年第2期13卷 170-176页

作者： Daniel Holmgren Attila Diószegi Ingvar L. svensson Department of Mechanical Engineering and Component Technology Jnkping University

The thermal conductivity/diffusivity of pearlitic grey irons with various carbon contents was investigated by the laser flash method. The materials were cast in controlled thermal environments producing three dissimilar cooling rates. The cooling rates together with the carbon content largely influence the thermal conductivity of grey iron. Linear relationships exist between the thermal conductivity and the carbon content, the carbon equivalent, and the fraction of the former primary solidified austenite transformed into pearlite. The results show that the optimal thermal transport properties are obtained at medium cooling rates. Equations are given for the thermal conductivity of pearlite, solidified as pre-eutectic austenite, and the eutectic of grey iron. The thermal conductivity of pearlitic grey iron is modelled at both room temperature and elevated temperatures with good accuracy.

关键词： grey iron thermal conductivity thermal diffusivity carbon content carbon equivalent color etching graphite morphology eutectic cell size

A review of chlorinated paraffin contamination in Arctic ecosystems

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Emerging Contaminants 2019年第1期5卷 219-231页

作者： katrin Vorkamp jennifer Balmer Hayley Hung Robert j.Letcher Frank F.Riget Aarhus University Department of Environmental ScienceArctic Research CentreRoskildeDenmark Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme TromsøNorway Environment and Climate Change Canada Air Quality Processes Research SectionTorontoCanada Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division Environment and Climate Change CanadaNational Wildlife Research CentreCarleton UniversityOttawaCanada Aarhus University Department of BioscienceArctic Research CentreRoskildeDenmark Greenland Institute of Natural Resources NuukGreenland Present address:The Citadel Department of BiologyCharlestonSCUSA

Chlorinated paraffins(CPs)present a complex mixture of congeners which are often analysed and assessed as short-,medium-and long-chain CPs,***(C10eC13),SMCCP(C14eC17)and SLCCP(C18).Their complexity makes the chemical analysis challenging,in particular in terms of accurate quantification,but promising developments involving ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry have been presented *** Arctic data exist for SCCPs,while LCCPs have not yet been studied in the *** concentrations in Arctic air often exceeded those of SMCCP,usually with a predominance of the most volatile C10 congeners,and of banned persistent organic pollutants(POPs),such as polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs).The presence of SCCPs and MCCPs in Arctic air,as well as in the Antarctic and in the remote regions of the Tibetan plateau,provides evidence of their long-range transport including sufficient environmental persistence to reach the *** vegetation accumulated SCCPs partly from air and partly through root uptake from soil,with consequences for the SCCP profile found in Arctic *** results have yet been reported for CPs in terrestrial Arctic *** for freshwater sediment and fish confirmed the long-range transport of SCCPs and MCCPs and documented their *** additional PCB data were available,SPCB was usually higher than SSCCP in freshwater *** SCCPs and MCCPs were widely present in marine Arctic biota(***,fish,seabirds,seals,whales,polar bears).In mussels and Atlantic cod,SMCCP concentrations exceeded those of SSCCP,while this was less clear for other marine *** mammals and the long-lived Greenland shark roughly had SSCCP concentrations of 100e500 ng/g lipid weight,often dominated by C11 *** appeared to be more pronounced for SSCCP than for SMCCP,but more studies will be *** SSCCP concentrations were observed in Arctic air and sediment over time,but not in beluga monitored since

关键词： Bioaccumulation Biomagnification Long-range transport MCCPs Persistent organic pollutants SCCPs

Transcription factor TFE3 enhances cell cycle and cancer progression by binding to the hTERT promoter

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Cancer Communications 2021年第12期41卷 1423-1426页

作者： Beiping Miao Chaoyang Zhang Nadine Stroh Lukas Brenner katrin Hufnagel jörg DHoheisel Obul Reddy Bandapalli Division of Functional Genome Analysis German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)HeidelbergBaden-Württemberg 69120Germany Medical Faculty Heidelberg Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergBaden-Württemberg 69120Germany Molecular Genetic Epidemiology German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)HeidelbergBaden-Württemberg 69120Germany

Dear Editor,Telomeres are located at the ends of chromosomes and are essential for chromosome stability and *** progressively get shorter with cell division,eventually resulting in cell proliferation *** process is considered a barrier to tumor occurrence[1,2].Abnormally activated telomerase with constitutive telomerase reverse transcriptase(TERT)expression is a hallmark of almost all human tumors[3].Some genomic alterations in the human TERT(hTERT)promoter are associated with activation of hTERT transcription in various cancer types[4].

关键词： alterations cancer eventually