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Copper-radical oxidases: A diverse group of biocatalysts with distinct properties and a broad range of biotechnological applications

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Engineering Microbiology 2022年第3期2卷 23-36页

作者： katja koschorreck Saadet Alpdagtas Vlada B.Urlacher Institute of Biochemistry Heinrich-Heine-University DüsseldorfUniversitätsstraße 1Düsseldorf 40225Germany Department of Biology Van Yuzuncu Yil UniversityVan 65080Turkey

Copper-radical oxidases(CROs)catalyze the two-electron oxidation of a large number of primary alcohols includ-ing carbohydrates,polyols and benzylic alcohols as well as aldehydes and𝛼-hydroxy-carbonyl compounds while reducing molecular oxygen to hydrogen ***,CROs like galactose oxidase and glyoxal oxidase were identified only in fungal *** the last decade,their representatives have also been identified in some *** are grouped in the AA5 family of“auxiliary activities”in the database of Carbohydrate-Active *** low overall sequence similarity and different substrate specificities,sequence alignments and the solved crystal structures revealed a conserved architecture of the active sites in all CROs,with a mononuclear copper ion coordinated to an axial tyrosine,two histidines,and a cross-linked cysteine-tyrosyl radical *** unique post-translationally modified protein cofactor has attracted much attention in the past,which resulted in a large number of reports that shed light on key steps of the catalytic cycle and physico-chemical properties of *** to their broad substrate spectrum accompanied by the only need for molecular oxygen for catal-ysis,CROs since recently experience a renaissance and have been applied in various biocatalytic *** review provides an overview of the structural features,catalytic mechanism and substrates of CROs,presents an update on the engineering of these enzymes to improve their expression in recombinant hosts and to enhance their activity,and describes their potential fields of biotechnological application.

关键词： Copper-radical oxidases Galactose oxidase,Glyoxal oxidase Cysteine-tyrosyl radical cofactor Carbohydrates Alcohols Aldehydes

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