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Impact of mechanical bowel preparation in elective colorectal surgery:A meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第4期24卷 519-536页

作者： katie e Rollins Hannah Javanmard-emamghissi Dileep N Lobo Gastrointestinal Surgery Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham Queen’s Medical Centre

AIM To analyse the effect of mechanical bowel preparation vs no mechanical bowel preparation on outcome in patients undergoing elective colorectal *** Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and observational studies comparing adult patients receiving mechanical bowel preparation with those receiving no mechanical bowel preparation, subdivided into those receiving a single rectal enema and those who received no preparation at all prior to elective colorectal surgery. ReSULTS A total of 36 studies(23 randomised controlled trials and 13 observational studies) including 21568 patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery were included. When all studies were considered, mechanical bowel preparation was not associated with any significant difference in anastomotic leak rates(OR = 0.90, 95%CI: 0.74 to 1.10, P = 0.32), surgical site infection(OR = 0.99, 95%CI: 0.80 to 1.24, P = 0.96), intraabdominal collection(OR = 0.86, 95%CI: 0.63 to 1.17, P = 0.34), mortality(OR = 0.85, 95%CI: 0.57 to 1.27, P = 0.43), reoperation(OR = 0.91, 95%CI: 0.75 to 1.12, P = 0.38) or hospital length of stay(overall mean difference 0.11 d, 95%CI:-0.51 to 0.73, P = 0.72), when compared with no mechanical bowel preparation, nor when evidence from just randomized controlledtrials was analysed. A sub-analysis of mechanical bowel preparation vs absolutely no preparation or a single rectal enema similarly revealed no differences in clinical outcome measures. CONCLUSION In the most comprehensive meta-analysis of mechanical bowel preparation in elective colorectal surgery to date, this study has suggested that the use of mechanical bowel preparation does not affect the incidence of postoperative complications when compared with no preparation. Hence, mechanical bowel preparation should not be administered routinely prior to elective colorectal surgery.

关键词： bowel preparation Mechanical antibiotics morbidity mortality surgery outcome complications meta-analysis

From filaments to function: The role of the plant actin cytoskeleton in pathogen perception,signaling and immunity

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第4期58卷 299-311页

作者： katie Porter Brad Day Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology Michigan State University Department of Plant Soil and Microbial Sciences Michigan State University Graduate Program in Genetics Michigan State University

The eukaryotic actin cytoskeleton is required for numerous cellular processes, including cell shape, development and movement, gene expression and signal transduction, and response to biotic and abiotic stress. In recent years,research in both plants and animal systems have described a function for actin as the ideal surveillance platform, linking the function and activity of primary physiological processes to the immune system. In this review, we will highlight recent advances that have defined the regulation and breadth of function of the actin cytoskeleton as a network required for defense signaling following pathogen infection. Coupled with an overview of recent work demonstrating specific targeting of the plant actin cytoskeleton by a diversity of pathogens,including bacteria, fungi and viruses, we will highlight the importance of actin as a key signaling hub in plants, one that mediates surveillance of cellular homeostasis and the activation of specific signaling responses following pathogen perception. B4 ased on the studies highlighted herein, we propose a working model that posits changes in actin filament organization is in and of itself a highly specific signal, which induces, regulates and physically directs stimulus-specific signaling processes, most importantly, those associated with response to pathogens.

关键词： Actin cytoskeleton immunity pathogen plant Pseudomonas syringae surveillance

Relationship between negative emotions and perceived support among parents of hospitalized,critically ill children

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2021年第1期8卷 15-21,I0001页

作者： Brad e.Phillips Laurie A.Theeke katie M.Sarosi West Virginia University School of Nursing MorgantownWVUnited States

Objectives:The purpose of this study was to describe relationships between negative emotions and perceived emotional support in parents of children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit(PICU).Methods:This cross-sectional descriptive study conducted face-to-face interviews between January 2019 and January *** variables included depression(PHQ-9 Scale),anxiety(emotional Distress-Anxiety-Short Form 8a),anger(emotional Distress-Anger-Short Form 5a),fear(Fear-Affect Computerized Adaptive Test),somatic fear(Fear-Somatic Arousal-Fixed Form),loneliness(Revised 20-item UCLA Loneliness Scale),and perceived emotional support(emotional Support-Fixed Form).Results:eighty parents reported symptoms of depression 8.00(4.00,13.75),anxiety(23.43±7.80),anger(13.40±5.46),fear(72.81±27.26),somatic fear 9.00(6.00,12.75),loneliness(39.35±12.00),and low perceived emotional support(32.14±8.06).Parents who were young,single,low-income,and with limited-post secondary education reported greater loneliness and lower perceived emotional *** correlated with depression(r=0.737,Pety(r=0.900,Perse relationships were discovered between perceived emotional support and loneliness(r=-0.767,Per(r=-0.401,Pepression(r=-0.334,Pe cluster of negative emotions identified will serve as potential targets for future interventions designed to enhance support for parents of critically ill children.

关键词： Child Critical illness emotional support Negative emotions Parents Psychological state

The“Dragging Foot”of Jose Garcia Villa’s Performative“Comma Poems”

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Journal of Foreign Languages and Cultures 2022年第2期6卷 121-131页

作者： katie Bradshaw University of Southern California

Jose Garcia Villa’s "comma poem,"in which he introduces“a new,special and poetic use”for the comma,is arguably the poet's most contentious *** from an appropriation of Leonard Caspar’s description of the comma poems as "demonstrably malfunctional as a dragging foot,"this essay argues that the comma poem was a visual performance whereby Villa dis-oriented and de-naturalized poetic“flows”through a quccr/crip aesthetic of hesitation and *** as footsteps and/or footnotes,the comma’s minor mark interrupts and dis-ablcs normative flow,forcing the reader to adopt a nonnormative“gait.”Utilizing Sara Ahmed’s phenomenological theory of "queer orientation,"I examine how the comma poems’specific incongruity extends beyond modem grammars:anticipating readings of his“foreignness”and"insensitivity"to the english *** performs the essentiality of the“minor mark”through linguistic *** doing so,he queers not only the“direction”of modem poetry and its canonicity,but also a contemporary politics of recuperation.

关键词： JoséGarcia Villa modernist poetry commas Sara Ahmed queer/erip theory

THe CARe AND FeeDING OF A LONG-TeRM INSTITUTIONAL COMMITMeNT TO GReeN STORMWATeR INFRASTRUCTURe: A CASe STUDY AT THe UNIVeRSITY OF CONNeCTICUT

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Journal of Green Building 2015年第3期10卷 1-13页

作者： Michael e.Dietz Chester L.Arnold katie D.Milardo Richard A.Miller Center for Land Use education and Research at the University of Connecticut Office of environmental Policy at the University of Connecticut

In 2007,the Connecticut Department of energy and environmental Protection issued the first Total Maximum Daily Load(TMDL)in the country based not on a specific pollutant or pollutants,but on impervious cover(IC)(Arnold et al.,2010).The water body in question was eagleville Brook,a small tributary of the Willimantic River in eastern Connecticut that drains a majority of the University of Connecticut *** university is in effect a small city within a largely rural *** as a result of this,there has been a history of“town-gown”tension and controversy with regard to the university’s impact on the water resources of the *** tension reached a climax in September 2005,when a quarter-mile stretch of the Fenton River,which drains the part of campus not in the eagleville watershed,ran dry(Merritt,2005).Water quantity concerns were frequently joined by water quality concerns,with area residents complaining about the pollution of their drinking water(Morse,2002).Although the Fenton incident precipitated increased efforts on the part of the university to conserve water,efforts to improve the way that campus addressed stormwater issues lagged behind until the advent of the impervious cover *** the intervening eight years since the issuance of the“IC-TMDL”-practically the wink of an eye in the deliberate world of land use decision making-the University of Connecticut campus has become a showcase for green stormwater infrastructure(GSI)practices,also known as low impact development(LID)*** the IC-TMDL served as the catalyst,an environmental regulation,no matter how innovative,cannot in itself produce such dramatic *** this to occur a number of interconnected efforts have to come together,including leadership,research,monitoring,coordination,and education both within and without the university *** paper is an attempt to capture these key elements,consider why they worked(or didn’t),and provide a status report on green storm-water

关键词： green stormwater infrastructure low impact development university

Understanding Plant Development and Stress Responses through Integrative Approaches

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2010年第4期52卷 350-353页

作者： katie Dehesh Chun-Ming Liu Issue editor Department of Plant Biology University of California Davis USA Issue editor Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences China

As the name reflects, integrative plant biology is the core topic of JIPB. In the past few years JIPB has been pursuing the development of this area, to assist the scientific community to bring together all possible research tools to understand plant growth, development and stress responses in micro- and macro-scales. As part of these efforts, JIPB and Yantai University organized the 1st International Symposium on Integrative Plant Biology in the seaside town of Yantai during August 10-12, 2009 （Figure 1） The symposium was co-sponsored by Botanical Society of China, Chinese Society for Cell Biology, Genetics Society of China, and Chinese Society for Plant Physiology.

关键词： Understanding Plant Development and Stress Responses through Integrative Approaches SDG gene As COI

FOReST CeRTIFICATION AND FSC

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Journal of Green Building 2006年第1期1卷 39-45页

作者： katie J.Miller Terry Campbell Forest Stewardship Council U.S.

INTRODUCTION Forest certification has been actively growing around the world for the last *** effort was originally started to show communities in developing countries that there was a concern amongst industrialized countries for how well forests were being protected and *** opposed to all out boycotts,which often result in actually devaluing forest land,forest certification requires that landowners and manufacturers voluntarily invite third-party auditors to certify that their practices meet internationally recognized standards for responsible forest management.

关键词： forest Forest FSC

Biologics:how far can they go in Crohn’s disease?

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Gastroenterology Report 2022年第1期10卷 155-170页

作者： katie A.Dunleavy Darrell S.Pardi Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA

Crohn’s disease is a chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory disorder,characterized by episodes of relapsing and remitting *** the disease mechanism becomes better elucidated,there is a significant increase in the number of available biologic *** article summarizes and synthesizes current Food and Drug Administration-approved biological therapy for Crohn’s disease and examines the positioning of medical therapy as emerging biologics break onto the market.

关键词： Crohn’s disease medical treatment biologics anti-TNFs anti-integrins anti-interleukins JAK inhibitors S1Pinhibitors

Upper Bounds on List Star Chromatic Index of Sparse Graphs

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,english Series 2020年第1期36卷 1-12页

作者： Jia Ao LI katie HORACeK Rong LUO Zheng Ke MIAO School of Mathematical Sciences and LPMC Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071P.R.China Department of Mathematics Frostburg State UniversityFrostburgMD 21532USA Department of Mathematics West Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV 26506USA School of Mathematics and Statistics Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221116P.R.China

A star k-edge-coloring is a proper k-edge-coloring such that every connected bicolored subgraph is a path of length at most *** star chromatic indexχ'_(st)(G)of a graph G is the smallest integer k such that G has a star *** list star chromatic index ch'st(G)is defined *** star edge coloring problem is known to be NP-complete,and it is even hard to obtain tight upper bound as it is unknown whether the star chromatic index for complete graph is linear or super *** this paper,we study,in contrast,the best linear upper bound for sparse graph *** show that for everyε>0 there exists a constant c(ε)such that if mad(G)en■and the coefficient 3/2 ofΔis the best *** proof applies a newly developed coloring extension method by assigning color sets with different sizes.

关键词： Star edge coloring list edge coloring maximum average degree