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Bone m.neral “Quality”: Differing Characteristics of Calcified m.crosphere Populations at the Osteoporotic and Osteoarthritic Fem.ral Articulation Front

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Journal of Biom.dical Science and Engineering 2014年第9期7卷 739-755页

作者： kathryn m. linton Lesley D. Hordon Roger C. Shore Jean E. Aaron Institute of m.m.rane and System. Biology Faculty of Biological Sciences University of Leeds Leeds UK Oral Biology Departm.nt Leeds Dental Institute University of Leeds Leeds UK

The m.neral front consists of large populations of organically enshrouded calcified m.crospheres (filam.ntous clusters) about 1 m.cron in diam.ter and associated sm.ller num.ers of variably dense nanospheres, 30 - 40 nm.in diam.ter. The discrete objects persist and m.dulate in m.turity, and m.y constitute a variable “qualitative” factor in the skeletal inorganic phase, exem.lified by the biom.chanically contrasting pathologies of osteoporosis (OP;fracture, low stress condition) and osteoarthritis (OA;non fracture, high stress condition). The aim.was to com.are the articulation front m.terial for m.rphological and trace elem.nt diversity using fresh fem.le fem.ral head discards (from.Dewsbury District Hospital NHS m.d-Yorkshire Trust). These were prepared for histology of the cartilage/bone interface region by im.ersion in hydrazine hydrate to expose the anorganic m.neral topography for m.croscopy and FEGSEm.m.croanalysis. 1) m.neral m.crosphere m.rphology (com.ared to anim.ls as arbitrary controls) suggested that calcified m.crospheres from.OP (n = 19) tended to be sm.ll (0.5 - 0.7 m.crons), sm.oth and com.acted;those from.OA (n = 19) were large (0.5 - 4.0 m.crons), uneven and irregularly dispersed. Respective calcified nanospheres from.OP were sim.larly sm.ller (30 - 50 nm. than those from.OA (>100 nm.. In subchondral bone a proportion of the filam.ntous m.crospheres had fused into a fine-textured phase in OP and a coarse-textured phase in OA. 2) Trace elem.nt analysis (com.ared to positive porcine Si and m. and other peaks) suggested a dim.nution with m.neral m.turity, and also with age effecting OP and OA sim.larly, with m.nor differences detected between them. It was concluded that calcified objects constituting the inorganic phase vary regionally with age and in fracture and nonfracture, being dim.nished in size (not num.er) in weak OP and enlarged (com.ared to porcine control) in stronger OA, with Si or m. “doping” dim.nishing with tim., perhaps influencing th

关键词： Bone m.neral Quality Calcified m.crospheres Si m. Trace Elem.nts Osteoporosis Osteoarthritis

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In vivo m.asurem.nt of NADH fluorescence lifetim. in skeletal m.scle via -ber-coupled tim.-correlated single photon counting

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第1期17卷 121-134页

作者： kathryn m.Priest Jacob V.Schluns Nathania Nischal Colton L.Gattis Jeffrey C.Wolchok Tim.thy J.m.ldoon Departm.nt of Biom.dical Engineering University of Arkansas FayettevilleARUSA

Nicotinam.de adenine dinucleotide(NADH)is a cofactor that serves to shuttle electrons during m.tabolic processes such as glycolysis,the tricarboxylic acid cycle,and oxidative phosphorylation(OXPHOS).NADH is autofluorescent,and itsfluorescence lifetim. can be used to infer m.tabolic dynam.cs in living ***-coupled tim.-correlated single photon counting(TCSPC)equipped with an im.lantable needle probe can be used to m.asure NADH lifetim. in vivo,enabling investigation of changing m.tabolic dem.nd during m.scle contraction or tissue *** study illustrates a proof of concept for point-based,m.nim.lly-invasive NADHfluorescence lifetim. m.asurem.nt in *** m.scle loss(Vm.)injuries were created in the left tibialis anterior(TA)m.scle of m.le Sprague Dawley *** lifetim. m.asurem.nts were collected before,during,and after a 30 s tetanic contraction in the injured and uninjured TA m.scles,which was subsequently-t to a biexponential decay m.del to yield a m.tric of NADH utilization(cytoplasm.c vs protein-bound NADH,the A11/A22 ratio).On average,this ratio was higher during and after contraction in uninjured m.scle com.ared to m.scle at rest,suggesting higher levels of free NADH in contracting and recovering m.scle,indicating increased rates of *** injured m.scle,this ratio was higher than uninjured m.scle overall but decreased over tim.,which is consistent with current knowledge of inflam.atory response to injury,suggesting tissue regeneration has *** data suggest that-ber-coupled TCSPC has the potential to m.asure changes in NADH binding in vivo in a m.nim.lly invasive m.nner that requires further investigation.

关键词： Glycolysis oxidative phosphorylation energy m.tabolism volum.tric m.scle loss

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How com.letely are random.zed controlled trials of non-pharm.cological interventions following concussion reported? A system.tic review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 537-547页

作者： Jacqueline Josee van Ierssel Olivia Galea Kirsten Holte Caroline Luszawski Elizabeth Jenkins Jennifer O’Neil Carolyn A Em.ry Rebekah m.nnix kathryn Schneider Keith Owen Yeates Roger Zem.k Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute OttawaON K1H 8L1Canada The Centre for Health Activity and Rehabilitation ResearchUniversity of OtagoDunedin 9016New Zealand Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute University of Calgary CalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 4N1Canada Departm.nt of Psychology University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada g Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada School of Rehabilitation Sciences University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada Bruyere Research Institute OttawaON K1N 5C8Canada Departm.nts of Pediatrics and Em.rgency m.dicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Departm.nts of Pediatrics and Em.rgency m.dicine University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada

Purpose:The study aim.d to exam.ne the reporting com.leteness of random.zed controlled trials(RCTs)of non-pharm.cological interventions following ***:We searched m.DLINE,Em.ase,PsycInfo,CINAHL,and Web of Science up to m.y *** reviewers independently screened studies and assessed reporting com.leteness using the Tem.late for Intervention Description and Replication(TIDieR),Consensus on Exercise Reporting Tem.late(CERT),and international Consensus on Therapeutic Exercise aNd Training(i-CONTENT)*** inform.tion was sought m. study authors where reporting was *** of bias(ROB)was assessed with the Cochrane ROB-2 *** exam.ning non-pharm.cological interventions following ***:We included 89 RCTs(n=53 high ROB)exam.ning 11 different interventions for concussion:sub-sym.tom.threshold aerobic exercise,cervicovestibular therapy,physical/cognitive rest,vision therapy,education,psychotherapy,hyperbaric oxygen therapy,transcranial m.gnetic stim.lation,blue light therapy,osteopathic m.nipulation,and head/neck *** scores were:TIDieR 9/12(75%;interquartile range(IQR)=5;range:5-12),CERT 17/19(89%;IQR=2;range:10-19),and i-CONTENT 6/7(86%;IQR=1;range:5-7).Percentage of studies com.letely reporting all item. was TIDieR 35%(31/89),CERT 24%(5/21),and i-CONTENT 10%(2/21).Studies were m.re com.letely reported after publication of TIDieR(t_(87)=2.08;p=0.04)and CERT(t_(19)=2.72;p=0.01).Reporting com.leteness was not strongly associated with journal im.act factor(TIDieR:rs=0.27;p=0.01;CERT:r_(s)=-0.44;p=0.06;i-CONTENT:r_(s)=-0.17;p=0.48)or ROB(TIDieR:rs=0.11;p=0.31;CERT:rs=0.04;p=0.86;i-CONTENT:rs=0.12;p=0.60).Conclusion:RCTs of non-pharm.cological interventions following concussion dem.nstrate m.derate to good reporting com.leteness,but are often m.ssing key com.onents,particularly m.difications,m.tivational strategies,and qualified *** com.leteness im.roved after TIDieR and CERT publication,but p

关键词： Concussion Intervention Random.zed controlled trial System.tic review

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Solvent Extraction Developm.nts in Southern Africa

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2006年第2期11卷 153-159页

作者： Peter m. Cole kathryn C. Sole Angus m. Feather m.tom. Projects (Pty) Ltd. Johannesburg South Africa Anglo Am.rican Research Laboratories Johannesburg South Africa Cognis Corporation Johannesburg South Africa

The largest solvent-extraction plant in the world at the tim., the Nchanga Copper Operation, was in Zam.ia. The first com.ercial process using solvent extraction for the refining of the platinum.group m.tals was in South Africa. m.re recently, the Southern African region has seen the im.lem.ntation of solvent extraction for other base m.tals, precious m.tals, and specialty m.tals. These include the world firsts of prim.ry production of zinc at Skorpion Zinc in Nam.bia and the large-scale refining of gold by Harm.ny Gold in South Africa. Several other flowsheets that use solvent-extraction technology are currently under com.issioning, developm.nt, or feasibility study for im.lem.ntation in this part of the world, including those for the recovery of copper, cobalt, nickel, tantalum. and niobium.

关键词： solvent extraction zinc recovery gold refining copper cobalt nickel

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Effects of the neurotrophic factor artem.n on sensory afferent developm.nt and sensitivity

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生理学报 2008年第5期60卷 565-570页

作者： Shuying WANG Christopher m. Elitt Sacha A. m.linx Sacha A. m.lin kathryn m. Albers Departm.nt of m.dicine University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15261 USA

Artem.n is a neuronal survival and differentiation factor in the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor *** receptor GFRα3 is expressed by a subpopulation of nociceptor type sensory neurons in the dorsal root and trigem.nal ganglia(DRG and TG).These neurons co-express the heat,capsaicin and proton-sensitive channel TRPV1 and the cold and chem.cal-sensitive channel *** further investigate the effects of artem.n on sensory neurons,we isolated transgenic m.ce(ARTN-OE m.ce) that overexpress artem.n in keratinocytes of the skin and *** levels of artem.n led to a 20% increase in the total num.er of DRG neurons and increases in the level of m.NA encoding TRPV1 and *** im.ging showed that isolated sensory neurons from.ARTN-OE m.ce were hypersensitive to the TRPV1 agonist capsaicin and the TRPA1 agonist m.stard *** testing of ARTN-OE m.ce also showed an increased sensitivity to heat,cold,capsaicin and m.stard oil stim.li applied either to the skin or in the drinking *** neurons from.wildtype m.ce also exhibited potentiated capsaicin responses following artem.n addition to the *** addition,injection of artem.n into hindpaw skin produced transient therm.l *** findings indicate that artem.n can m.dulate sensory function and that this regulation m.y occur through changes in channel gene *** artem.n m.NA expression is up-regulated in inflam.d tissue and following nerve injury,it m.y have a significant role in cellular changes that underlie pain associated with pathological *** of artem.n expression m.y therefore offer a new pain treatm.nt strategy.

关键词：神经系统敏感性细胞感觉传入系统舌

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Hypoxia-ischem.a in the im.ature rodent brain im.airs serotonergic neuronal function in certain dorsal raphé nuclei

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第3期15卷 457-463页

作者： Hanna E.Reinebrant Julie A.Wixey kathryn m.Buller UQ Centre for Clinical Research Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland

Neonatal hypoxia-ischem.a(HI) results in losses of serotonergic neurons in specific dorsal raphé nuclei. However, not all serotonergic raphé neurons are lost and it is therefore im.ortant to assess the function of rem.ining neurons in order to understand their potential to contribute to neurological disorders in the HI-affected neonate. The m.in objective of this study was to determ.ne how serotonergic neurons, rem.ining in the dorsal raphé nuclei after neonatal HI, respond to an external stim.lus(restraint stress). On postnatal day 3(P3), m.le rat pups were random.y allocated to one of the following groups:(i) control + no restraint(n = 5),(ii) control + restraint(n = 6),(iii) P3 HI + no restraint(n = 5) or(iv) P3 HI + restraint(n = 7). In the two HI groups, rat pups underwent surgery to ligate the com.on carotid artery and were then exposed to 6% O2 for 30 m.nutes. Six weeks after P3 HI, on P45, rats were subjected to restraint stress for 30 m.nutes. Using dual im.unolabeling for Fos protein, a m.rker for neuronal activity, and serotonin(5-hydroxytrypam.ne; 5-HT), num.ers of Fos-positive 5-HT neurons were determ.ned in five dorsal raphé nuclei. We found that restraint stress alone increased num.ers of Fos-positive 5-HT neurons in all five dorsal raphé nuclei com.ared to control anim.ls. However, following P3 HI, the num.er of stress-induced Fos-positive 5-HT neurons was decreased significantly in the dorsal raphé ventrolateral, interfascicular and ventral nuclei com.ared with control anim.ls exposed to restraint stress. In contrast, num.ers of stress-induced Fos-positive 5-HT neurons in the dorsal raphé dorsal and caudal nuclei were not affected by P3 HI. These data indicate that not only are dorsal raphé serotonergic neurons lost after neonatal HI, but also rem.ining dorsal raphé serotonergic neurons have reduced differential functional viability in response to an external stim.lus. Procedures were approved by the University of Queensland Anim.l Ethics Com.ittee(

关键词： dorsal raphé nuclei Fos hypoxia-ischem.a neonate newborn brain injury preterm restraint stress serotonin

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BDNF rescues prefrontal dysfunction elicited by pyram.dal neuron-specific DTNBP1 deletion in vivo

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Journal of m.lecular Cell Biology 2017年第2期9卷 117-131页

作者： Wen Zhang kathryn m. Daly Bo Liang Lifeng Zhang Xuan Li Yun Li Da-Ting Lin Intram.ral Research Program National Institute on Drug Abuse National Institutes of Health 333 CasseU Drive Baltimore MD 21224 USA The Jackson Laboratory 600 Main Street Bar Harbor ME 04609 USA The Solom.n H. Snyder Departm.nt of Neuroscience Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine 725 N. Wolfe Street Baltimore MD 21205 USA

Dystrobrevin-binding protein 1 （Dtnbp1） is one of the earliest identified schizophrenia susceptibility genes. Reduced expression of DTNBP1 is com.only found in brain areas of schizophrenic patients. Dtnbp1-nuU m.tant m.ce exhibit abnorm.lities in beha- viors and im.airm.nts in neuronal activities. However, how dim.nished DTNBP1 expression contributes to clinical relevant fea- tures of schizophrenia rem.ins to be illustrated. Here, using a conditional Dtnbp1 knockout m.use line, we identified an in vivo schizophrenia-relevant function of DTNBP1 in pyram.dal neurons of the m.dial prefrontal cortex （m.FC）. We dem.nstrated that DTNBP1 elim.nation specifically in pyram.dal neurons of the m.FC im.aired m.use pre-pu[se inhibition （PPI） behavior and reduced perisom.tic GABAergic synapses. We further revealed that loss of DTNBP1 in pyram.dal neurons dim.nished activity- dependent secretion of brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF）. Finally, we showed that chronic BDNF infusion in the m.FC fully rescued both GABAergic synaptic dysfunction and PPI behavioral deficit induced by DTNBP1 elim.nation from.pyram.dal neurons. Our findings highlight brain region- and cell type-specific functions of DTNBP1 in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, and under- score BDNF restoration as a potential therapeutic strategy for schizophrenia.

关键词： schizophrenia GABAergic disinhibition PFC BDNF Dtnbp1

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Glucocorticoids and nervous system.plasticity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第1期11卷 37-41页

作者： kathryn m.m.dalena Jessica K.Lerch Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair The Ohio State University Departm.nt of Neuroscience Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University

Glucocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptor（GC/GR） interactions alter num.rous aspects of neuronal function. These consequences（e.g., anti-inflam.atory vs. pro-inflam.atory） can vary depending on the duration of GC exposure or central nervous system.CNS） injury m.del. In this review we discuss how GC/GR interactions im.act neuronal recovery after a central or peripheral nerve injury and discuss how GC exposure duration can produce divergent CNS neuronal growth responses. Finally we consider how new findings on gender specific im.une cell responses after a nerve injury could intersect with GC/GR interactions to im.act pain processing.

关键词： glucocorticoids plasticity stress neuropathic pain

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An origin of the along-arc com.ositional variation in the Izu-Bonin arc system

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第5期11卷 1621-1634页

作者： kathryn Durkin Paterno R.Castillo Susanne m.Straub Natsue Abe Yoshihiko Tam.ra Quanshu Yan Scripps Institution of Oceanography UCSD9500 Gilman DriveLa JollaCA92093-0212USA Lam.nt-Doherty Earth Observatory Columbia Univ.61 US-9WPalisadesNY10964USA Japan Agency for m.rine-Earth Science and Technology(JAm.TEC) 2-15 Natsushima-choJapan Key Laboratory of m.rine Sedim.ntary and Environm.ntal Geology The First Institute of OceanographyState Oceanic AdministrationQingdao 266061China

The Izu-Bonin arc system.is sedim.nt-poor(~400 m.thick with no accretionary prism.and,therefore,the influence of the altered oceanic crust(AOC)is m.st likely the source of the docum.nted along-arc lava com.ositional variations,especially in Pb ***-Bonin arc lava geochem.stry suggests an influx of subduction com.onent from.an Indian-type ***,sam.les drilled from.the western Pacific geochem.cal reference site at Integrated Ocean Drilling Program.Site 1149 im.lies subduction of a Pacific-type *** solve the apparent discrepancy of slab input versus arc output in this arc system.sam.les of the AOC were dredged from.vertical fault scarps of the subducting Pacific Plate along a transect from.27.5°N to 34.50 *** range from.tholeiitic to m.ldly alkalic m.d-ocean ridge basalts as well as trachybasalts,basaltic trachyandesites,tephrites,and *** ratios also exhibit a range of values(87Sr/86Sr=0.70282-0.70673,143 Nd/144 Nd=0.512552-0.513174,206Pb/204 Pb=18.43-20.00,207 Pb/204 Pb=15.40-15.67,208Pb/204Pb=37.75-39.55).Our results suggest that there is a geochem.cal variation in the AOC that is neither com.letely due to seawater or hydrotherm.l alteration,nor to petrogenetic ***,this variation is the result of the Pacific-Izanagi Ridge system.tapping into a heterogeneous,plum.-polluted m.ntle source during the m.d-Cretaceous volcanic *** observed Pacific-type AOC is not responsible for the Indian-type Pb isotopic signature of Izu-Bonin arc *** leads us to propose an alternative scenario where the Izu-Bonin arc lava Indian-type Pb isotopic signature originates from.slab-derived fluids interacting and adsorbing Pb from.an Indian-type m.ntle wedge through zone-refining.

关键词： Izu-Bonin AOC Pb-isotopes Indian-type Zone-refining

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Psychological, social, and sexual challenges affecting m.n receiving m.le infertility treatm.nt: a system.tic review and im.lications for clinical care

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2023年第4期25卷 448-453页

作者： Winston Wu Justin La kathryn m.Schubach Daniel Lantsberg Darren J Katz Departm.nt of Urology Western HealthSt AlbansVIC 3021Australia Departm.nt of Urology Kaiser Permanente San Rafael Medical CenterSan RafaelCA 94903USA m.n’s Health m.lbourne MelbourneVIC 3000Australia Reproductive Services Unit The Royal Women’s HospitalParkvilleVIC 3052Australia m.lbourne IVF East MelbourneVIC 3002Australia Departm.nt of Surgery Western PrecinctUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia

In recent years, social research surrounding the consequences of infertility has increasingly focused on the m.le perspective;however, a gap exists in the understanding of m.n’s experiences of m.le infertility treatm.nt. This review aim. to synthesize theexisting evidence concerning the psychological, social, and sexual burden of m.le infertility treatm.nt on m.n, as well as patientneeds during clinical care. A system.tic search identified 12 studies that are diverse in design, setting, and m.thods. Psychologicalevaluations have found that urological surgery m.y have a lasting im.act on infertility-specific stress, and treatm.nt failure canlead to feelings of depression, grief, and inadequacy. m.n tended to have an avoidant coping m.chanism.throughout fertilitytreatm.nt, and their self-esteem. relationship quality, and sexual functions can be tied to outcom.s of treatm.nt. Partner bonds canbe strengthened by m.tual support and enhanced com.unication;couple separation, however, has been noted as a predom.nantreason for discontinuing m.le infertility treatm.nt and m.y be associated with difficult circum.tances surrounding severe m.leinfertility. Surgical treatm.nts can affect the sexual functioning of infertile m.n;however, the im.act of testicular sperm.extractionoutcom.s appears to be psychologically driven whereas the im.rovem.nts after m.crosurgical varicocelectom. are only evident inhypogonadal m.n. Clinically, there is a need for better inclusion, com.unication, education, and resource provision, to addressreported issues of m.rginalization and uncertainty in m.n. Routine psychosocial screening in cases of severe m.le infertility andfollow-up in cases of surgical treatm.nt failure are likely beneficial.

关键词： m.le infertility m.le infertility treatm.nt patient experience patient-centered care psychosocial sexual

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