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journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第11期28卷 189-196页

作者： kathryn j tindale Pritesh j Patel Dirk Wallschlager Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program School of the Environment Department of Chemistry and Water Quality Centre Trent University Peterborough ON K9L 0G2 Canada Ore Pros Inc Beamsville ON LOR 1B2 Canada

Asymmetric flow-field flow fractionation-inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry was used to determine whether colloidal arsenic（As） exists in soil pore water and soil extract samples at two arsenic-contaminated abandoned gold mines（Montague and Goldenville, Nova Scotia）. Colloidal arsenic was found in 12 out of the 80 collected samples（= 15%）, and was primarily associated with iron（Fe） in the encountered colloids. The molar Fe/As ratios indicate that the colloids in some samples appeared to be discrete iron–arsenic minerals, whereas in other samples, they were more consistent with As-rich iron（oxy）hydroxides. Up to three discrete size fractions of colloidal As were encountered in the samples, with mean colloid diameters between 6 and 14 nm. The pore water samples only contained one size fraction of As-bearing colloids（around 6 nm diameter）, while larger As-bearing colloids were only encountered in soil extracts.

关键词： Arsenic Colloids Gold mine tailings ICP-MS Nova Scotia Nanoparticles

Stand dynamics of old-growth hemlock forests in central Bhutan are shaped by natural disturbances

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 434-447页

作者： Karma Tenzin Craig R.Nitschke kathryn j.Allen Raphael Trouve Thiet V.Nguyen Patrick j.Baker School of Agriculture Foodand Ecosystem SciencesUniversity of Melbourne500 Yarra BlvdRichmondVictoriaAustralia School of Geography Planningand Spatial SciencesUniversity of TasmaniaSandy BayTasmaniaAustralia Forest Science Institute of South Vietnam 1 Pham Van Hai StreetTan Binh DistrictHo Chi Minh CityViet Nam

Understanding how past disturbances have influenced the development of forests is critical for deciphering their current structure and composition and forecasting future *** this study,dendrochronological methods were applied to uncover the disturbance history of old-growth hemlock-dominated forests in central *** of tree-ring samples from two old-growth hemlock stands,located in two different topographic settings,identified the importance of gap-phase dynamics in facilitating recruitment and growth releases and producing complex,multi-aged structure s over *** site showed evidence of a near stand-replacing disturbance in the late 1700s,while the other showed no evide nce of high-severity disturbance at any time over the last 400 *** both sites low-to medium-severity disturbances,some of which appear to be associated with cyclones originating in the Bay of Bengal,dominated the disturbance *** hemlock stands exhibited a significant positive association between cyclone occurrence and growth release events and between recruitment pulses and growth release *** 1800 to 1970 there was an increase in recruitment of angiosperm tree species at most sites and a corresponding decline in conifer *** the past 50 years there has been little new recruitment;this may be due to light limitation in the understory from shade-tolerant angiosperms and bamboo in the lower strata of these *** variations in disturbance dynamics and recruitment were observed across the study sites,suggesting that other factors,such as topography and climate,may be influencing long-term stand development *** study highlights the complex interplay between historical disturbance regimes and tree recruitment in shaping the age and size structures of old-growth hemlock forests in central *** also provides new insights into the dynamics of these forests that can be used to support effective forest conservation and management i

关键词： Forest structure Hemlock forest Himalaya Natural disturbance

In vivo measurement of NADH fluorescence lifetime in skeletal muscle via -ber-coupled time-correlated single photon counting

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journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第1期17卷 121-134页

作者： kathryn M.Priest jacob V.Schluns Nathania Nischal Colton L.Gattis jeffrey C.Wolchok Timothy j.Muldoon Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Arkansas FayettevilleARUSA

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH)is a cofactor that serves to shuttle electrons during metabolic processes such as glycolysis,the tricarboxylic acid cycle,and oxidative phosphorylation(OXPHOS).NADH is autofluorescent,and itsfluorescence lifetime can be used to infer metabolic dynamics in living ***-coupled time-correlated single photon counting(TCSPC)equipped with an implantable needle probe can be used to measure NADH lifetime in vivo,enabling investigation of changing metabolic demand during muscle contraction or tissue *** study illustrates a proof of concept for point-based,minimally-invasive NADHfluorescence lifetime measurement in *** muscle loss(VML)injuries were created in the left tibialis anterior(TA)muscle of male Sprague Dawley *** lifetime measurements were collected before,during,and after a 30 s tetanic contraction in the injured and uninjured TA muscles,which was subsequently-t to a biexponential decay model to yield a metric of NADH utilization(cytoplasmic vs protein-bound NADH,the A11/A22 ratio).On average,this ratio was higher during and after contraction in uninjured muscle compared to muscle at rest,suggesting higher levels of free NADH in contracting and recovering muscle,indicating increased rates of *** injured muscle,this ratio was higher than uninjured muscle overall but decreased over time,which is consistent with current knowledge of inflammatory response to injury,suggesting tissue regeneration has *** data suggest that-ber-coupled TCSPC has the potential to measure changes in NADH binding in vivo in a minimally invasive manner that requires further investigation.

关键词： Glycolysis oxidative phosphorylation energy metabolism volumetric muscle loss

Estradiol increases cortical and trabecular bone accrual and bone strength in an adolescent male-to-female mouse model of gender-affirming hormone therapy

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 95-106页

作者： Tian Nie Varun S.Venkatesh Suzanne Golub kathryn S.Stok Haniyeh Hemmatian Reena Desai David j.Handelsman jeffrey D.Zajac Mathis Grossmann Rachel A.Davey Department of Medicine Austin HealthUniversity of MelbourneHeidelbergVIC 3084Australia Department of Biomedical Engineering University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia ANZAC Research Institute University of Sydney and AndrologyConcord Repatriation General HospitalConcordNSW 2137Australia

The effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy on the skeletal integrity and fracture risk in transitioning adolescent trans girls are *** address this knowledge gap,we developed a mouse model to simulate male-to-female transition in human adolescents in whom puberty is first arrested by using gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogs with subsequent estradiol *** was suppressed by orchidectomy in male mice at 5 weeks of *** 3 weeks post-surgery,male-to-female mice were treated with a high dose of estradiol(~0.85 mg)by intraperitoneal silastic implantation for 12 *** included intact and orchidectomized males at 3 weeks post-surgery,vehicle-treated intact males,intact females and orchidectomized males at 12 weeks *** to male controls,orchidectomized males exhibited decreased peak bone mass accrual and a decreased maximal force the bone could withstand prior to *** treatment in orchidectomized male-to-female mice compared to mice in all control groups was associated with an increased cortical thickness in the mid-diaphysis,while the periosteal circumference increased to a level that was intermediate between intact male and female controls,resulting in increased maximal force and *** trabecular bone,estradiol treatment increased newly formed trabeculae arising from the growth plate as well as mineralizing surface/bone surface and bone formation rate,consistent with the anabolic action of estradiol on osteoblast *** data support the concept that skeletal integrity can be preserved and that long-term fractures may be prevented in trans girls treated with GnRHa and a sufficiently high dose of *** study is needed to identify an optimal dose of estradiol that protects the bone without adverse side effects.

关键词： treatment treatment strength

Strategies for practitioners to support patients in plant-based eating

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journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2017年第5期14卷 338-341页

作者： Micaela C Karlsen kathryn j Pollard Nutritional Epidemiology Program Tufts Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy Boston Massachusetts USA T. Colin Campbell Center for Nutrition Studies Ithaca NY 14851 USA

Successfully implementing a plant-based diet is attain-able for patients, but the likelihood of achieving long-term,dietary maintenance can be increased by follow-up andsupport from practitioners. Practitioners, in particular physi-cians, are seen as nutrition authorities,and are thereforewell-positioned to deliver dietary advice and nutritionalprescriptions.

关键词： Adherence Behavior change Dietary change Motivational interviewing Plant-based diet Vegetarian

Drug calculation ability of qualified paramedics:A pilot study

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World journal of Emergency Medicine 2018年第1期9卷 41-45页

作者： Malcolm j.Boyle kathryn Eastwood School of Medicine Griffith University School of Nursing and Midwifery Monash University

BACKGROUND: The inability of paramedics to perform accurate calculations may result in a compromise of patient safety which may result from under or over dosing of drugs, incorrect joules for defibrillation, or a major adverse event such as death. The objective of this study was to identify the drug calculation and mathematical ability of qualified operational ***: The study used a cross-sectional design with a paper-based calculation questionnaire. Twenty paramedics enrolled in an intensive care paramedic course were eligible to participate in the study. The questionnaire consisted of demographic, drug calculation(seven questions), and mathematical(five) questions. Students were given no notice of the impending study and use of a calculator was not ***: All eligible students participated in the study. The average time employed as a paramedic was 7.25 years, SD 2.5 years, range four years to twelve years. Four(20%) students got all 12 questions correct, and five(41.6%) got 50% or less. The average score was 8.6(71.7%) correct, SD 2.8 correct, range 3 to 12 correct questions. There were eight(40%) conceptual errors, 12(60%) arithmetical errors, and five(25%) computational ***: The results from this study supports similar international studies where paramedic's ability to undertake mathematical and drug calculations without a calculator varies, with some results highlighting the paramedics mathematical skills as a potential risk to patient safety. These results highlight the need for regular continuing mathematical and drug calculation practice and education to ensure a lower error rate.

关键词： Emergency medical technician Education Medication errors Safety management

Current surgical treatment strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma in North America

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第41期20卷 15007-15017页

作者： Adeel S Khan kathryn j Fowler William C Chapman Department of General and Vascular Surgery Aurora Bay Care Medical Center Department of Radiology Washington University School of Medicine Department of Surgery Section of Abdominal TransplantWashington University School of Medicine

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is an aggressive tumor that often occurs in the setting of chronic liver *** patients do not initially manifest any symptoms of HCC and present late when cure with surgical resection or transplantation is no longer *** this reason,patients at high risk for developing HCC are subjected to frequent screening *** surgical management of HCC is complex and requires an inter-disciplinary *** resection is the treatment of choice for HCC in patients without cirrhosis and is indicated in some patients with early cirrhosis(Child-Pugh A).Liver transplantation has emerged in the past decade as the standard of care for patients with cirrhosis and HCC meeting Milan criteria and in select patients with HCC beyond Milan ***-regional therapy with transarterial chemoembolization,transarterial embolization,radiofrequency ablation and other similar local treatments can be used as neo-adjuvant therapy to downstage HCC to within Milan criteria or as a bridge to transplantation in patients on transplant wait list.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver transplantation Liver resection Transarterial chemoembolization Radiofrequency ablation

Collegiate athletes'mental health services utilization:A systematic review of conceptualizations,operationalizations,facilitators,and barriers

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第1期7卷 58-69页

作者： jennifer j.Moreland kathryn A.Coxe jingzhen Yang The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital Columbus OH 43205 USA Ohio Department of Mental Health & Addiction Services Office of Quality Pianning & Research Columbus OH 43215 USA Department of Pediatrics College of Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA

Background: While mental health among collegiate athletes is receiving increased attention, research on factors surrounding collegiate athletes' decision to seek mental health services is limited. The goal of the present review was to analyze and synthesize the current literature concerning collegiate athletes' utilization of mental health services, including the facilitators of and barriers to use of these ***: The analysis was guided and organized using a socio-ecological framework, which considered the unique context in which collegiate athletes study and perform. A total of 21 articles, published between 2005 and 2016, which concern U.S. collegiate athletes' mental health services utilization(MHSU) were selected and included for the final analysis. Conceptualizations and operationalizations of MHSU were compared and contrasted. Facilitators of and barriers to athletes MHSU were examined and summarized while appropriately considering the proximity of each factor(facilitator or barrier) to the ***: Results showed variations in conceptualizations and operationalizations of MHSU in the articles analyzed, which made interpretation and cross comparison difficult. Collegiate athletes are willing to utilize mental health services, but gender, perceived stigma, peer norms—for athletes and coaches—plus service availability impact their ***: Key stakeholders, administrators, and public health officials should partner to eliminate MHSU barriers, support facilitators, and generally empower collegiate athletes to actively manage their mental health.

关键词： College athlete Mental health Mental health services NCAA Psychology Sport psychology Systematic review

Psychological, social, and sexual challenges affecting men receiving male infertility treatment: a systematic review and implications for clinical care

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Asian journal of Andrology 2023年第4期25卷 448-453页

作者： Winston Wu justin La kathryn M Schubach Daniel Lantsberg Darren j Katz Department of Urology Western HealthSt AlbansVIC 3021Australia Department of Urology Kaiser Permanente San Rafael Medical CenterSan RafaelCA 94903USA Men’s Health Melbourne MelbourneVIC 3000Australia Reproductive Services Unit The Royal Women’s HospitalParkvilleVIC 3052Australia Melbourne IVF East MelbourneVIC 3002Australia Department of Surgery Western PrecinctUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia

In recent years, social research surrounding the consequences of infertility has increasingly focused on the male perspective;however, a gap exists in the understanding of men’s experiences of male infertility treatment. This review aims to synthesize theexisting evidence concerning the psychological, social, and sexual burden of male infertility treatment on men, as well as patientneeds during clinical care. A systematic search identified 12 studies that are diverse in design, setting, and methods. Psychologicalevaluations have found that urological surgery may have a lasting impact on infertility-specific stress, and treatment failure canlead to feelings of depression, grief, and inadequacy. Men tended to have an avoidant coping mechanism throughout fertilitytreatment, and their self-esteem, relationship quality, and sexual functions can be tied to outcomes of treatment. Partner bonds canbe strengthened by mutual support and enhanced communication;couple separation, however, has been noted as a predominantreason for discontinuing male infertility treatment and may be associated with difficult circumstances surrounding severe maleinfertility. Surgical treatments can affect the sexual functioning of infertile men;however, the impact of testicular sperm extractionoutcomes appears to be psychologically driven whereas the improvements after microsurgical varicocelectomy are only evident inhypogonadal men. Clinically, there is a need for better inclusion, communication, education, and resource provision, to addressreported issues of marginalization and uncertainty in men. Routine psychosocial screening in cases of severe male infertility andfollow-up in cases of surgical treatment failure are likely beneficial.

关键词： male infertility male infertility treatment patient experience patient-centered care psychosocial sexual

Acute drivers of neuroinflammation in traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第9期14卷 1481-1489页

作者： kathryn L.Wofford David j.Loane D.Kacy Cullen Center for Brain Injury&Repair Department of NeurosurgeryPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA Center for Neurotrauma Neurodegeneration&RestorationCorporal Michael J.Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical CenterPhiladelphiaPAUSA School of Biomedical Engineering Science and Health SystemsDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Anesthesiology and Shock Traumaand Anesthesiology Research(STAR)CenterUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA School of Biochemistry and Immunology and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute Trinity College DublinIreland Department of Bioengineering School of Engineering and Applied ScienceUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA

Neuroinflammation is initiated as a result of traumatic brain injury and can exacerbate evolving tissue *** cells respond to acute signals from damaged cells,initiate neuroinflammation,and drive the pathological consequences over ***,the mechanism(s)of injury,the location of the immune cells within the brain,and the animal species all contribute to immune cell behavior following traumatic brain *** the signals that initiate neuroinflammation and the context in which they appear may be critical for understanding immune cell contributions to pathology and *** this paper,we review a number of factors that could affect immune cell behavior acutely following traumatic brain injury.

关键词： traumatic brain injury inflammation neuroinflammation microglia macrophage acute diffuse brain injury cytokines adenosine 5′-triphosphoate glutamate calcium