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Elucidating regulatory processes of intense physical activity by multi-omics analysis

Military Medical Research 2024年第4期11卷 479-499页

作者： Ernesto S.nakayasu Marina A.Gritsenko Young-Mo Kim Jennifer E.Kyle Kelly G.Stratton Carrie D.nicora nathalie Munoz kathle.n M.navarro Daniel Claborne Yuqian Gao Karl K.Weitz Vanessa L.Paurus Kent J.Bloodsworth Kelsey A.Allen Lisa M.Bramer Fernando Montes kathle.n a.clark Grant Tietje Justin Teeguarden Kristin E.Burnum-Johnson Biological Sciences Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA Environmental and Molecular Sciences Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthWestern States DivisionDenverCO 80204USA Computational Analytics Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA national Security Directorate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA Los Angeles County Fire Department Los AngelesCA 90063USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthRespiratory Health DivisionMorgantownWV 26505USA Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA

Background:Physiological and biochemical processes across tissues of the body are regulated in response to the high demands of intense physical activity in several occupations,such as firefighting,law enforcement,military,and sports.A better understanding of such processes can ultimately help improve human performance and prevent illnesses in the work ***:To study regulatory processes in intense physical activity simulating real-life conditions,we performed a multi-omics analysis of 3 biofluids(blood plasma,urine,and saliva)collected from 11 wildland firefighters before and after a 45 min,intense exercise *** profiles ***-exercise were compared by Student’s t-test followed by pathway analysis and comparison between the different omics ***:Our multi-omics analysis identified and quantified 3835 proteins,730 lipids and 182 metabolites combining the 3 different types of *** blood plasma analysis revealed signatures of tissue damage and acute repair response accompanied by enhanced carbon metabolism to meet energy *** urine analysis showed a strong,concomitant regulation of 6 out of 8 identified proteins from the renin-angiotensin system supporting increased excretion of catabolites,reabsorption of nutrients and maintenance of fluid *** saliva,we observed a decrease in 3 pro-inflammatory cytokines and an increase in 8 antimicrobial peptides.A systematic literature review identified 6 papers that support an altered susceptibility to respiratory ***:This study shows simultaneous regulatory signatures in biofluids indicative of homeostatic maintenance during intense physical activity with possible effects on increased infection susceptibility,suggesting that caution against respiratory diseases could benefit workers on highly physical demanding jobs.

关键词： Multi-omics analysis Intense exercise Human performance Biofluids Metabolism Immunity

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Robust Machine Learning Mapping of sEMG Signals to Future Actuator Commands in Biomechatronic Devices

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 270-287页

作者： Ali nasr Sydney Bell Rachel L.Whittaker clark R.Dickerson John McPhee Systems Design Engineering University of WaterlooWaterloo N2L 3G1Canada Kinesiology and Health Sciences University of WaterlooWaterloo N2L3G3Canada

A machine learning model for regression of interrupted Surface Electromyography(sEMG)signals to future control-oriented signals(e.g.,robot’s joint angle and assistive torque)of an active biomechatronic device for high-level myoelectric-based hierarchical control is proposed.A Recurrent neural network(Rnn)was trained using output data,initially obtained from offline optimization of the biomechatronic(human–robot)device and shifted by the prediction *** input of the Rnn consisted of interrupted sEMG signals(to mimic signal disconnections)and previous kinematic signals of the assistive *** Rnn with a 0.1-s prediction horizon could predict the control-oriented joint angle and assistive torque with 92%and 86.5%regression accuracy,respectively,for the test *** proposed approach permits a fast,predictive,and direct estimation of control-oriented signals instead of an iterative process that optimizes assistive torque in the inverse dynamic simulation of a multibody human–robot *** with these interrupted input signals significantly improves the regression accuracy in the case of sEMG signal *** Robust Predictive Control-oriented Machine Learning(Robust-MusclenET)model can support volitional high-level myoelectric-based control of biomechatronic devices,such as exoskeletons,prostheses,and assistive/resistive *** work should study the application to prosthesis control as well as the repeatability of the high-level controller with electrode *** low-level hierarchical controller that manages the human–robot interaction,the assistance/resistance strategy,and the actuator coordination should also be studied.

关键词： Myoelectric-based control-Surface electromyography Machine learning Multibody system dynamics Exoskeleton Bionic

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Methods for engineering therapeutic peptides

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2018年第7期29卷 1074-1078页

作者： Yaohao Li Kimberly a.clark Zhongping Tan Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and BioFrontiers Institute University of Colorado

Peptides are a class of drugs that have become increasingly important and influential for the treatment of many human diseases. Compared to traditional small molecule drugs, peptides have the potential for higher target specificity and potency, along with better safety profiles. On the other hand, the complex and fragile nature of peptides poses significant challenges for their administration. Of particular concern is that they are often unstable and can be rapidly degraded by various proteases after dosing. To address these inherent problems of peptides, many different methods have been attempted. Here, we briefly review these methods, with an emphasis on the effect of each method.

关键词： Therapeutic peptides Engineering Half-life Stability Solubility Aggregation Permeability

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Carbon dioxide enrichment affected flower numbers transiently and increased successful post-pollination development stably but without altering final acorn production in mature pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 1-12页

作者： Ryan McClory Richard H.Ellis Martin Lukac Jo clark Carolina Mayoral Kris M.Hart Andrew R.G.Plackett A.Rob MacKenzie School of Agriculture Policy and DevelopmentUniversity of ReadingAgricultureEarley GateWhiteknights RoadPO Box 237Reading RG66EUUK Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences PraguePrague 165000Czechia Future Trees Trust Harwell Innovation CentreBuilding 173Curie AvenueHarwellOxford OX110QGUK Birmingham Institute of Forest Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of Biosciences University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK

Acorn production in oak(Quercus spp.)shows considerable inter-annual variation,known as masting,which provides a natural defence against seed predators but a highly-variable supply of acorns for uses such as in commercial tree planting each *** emissions of greenhouse gases have been very widely reported to influence plant growth and seed or fruit size and quantity via the‘fertilisation effect’that leads to enhanced *** examine if acorn production in mature woodland communities will be affected by further increase in CO_(2),the contents of litter traps from a Free Air Carbon Enrichment(FACE)experiment in deciduous woodland in central England were analysed for numbers of flowers and acorns of pedunculate oak(Quercus robur L.)at different stages of development and their predation levels under ambient and elevated CO_(2) ***-annual variation in acorn numbers was considerable and cyclical between 2015 and 2021,with the greatest numbers of mature acorns in 2015,2017 and 2020 but almost none in *** numbers of flowers,enlarged cups,immature acorns,empty acorn cups,and galls in the litter traps also varied amongst years;comparatively high numbers of enlarged cups were recorded in 2018,suggesting *** at this site is a fruit maturation masting species(i.e.,the extent of abortion of pollinated flowers during acorn development affects mature acorn numbers greatly).Raising the atmospheric CO_(2) concentration by 150μL L^(−1),from early 2017,increased the numbers of immature acorns,and all acorn evidence(empty cups+immature acorns+mature acorns)detected in the litter traps compared to ambient controls by 2021,but did not consistently affect the numbers of flowers,enlarged cups,empty cups,or mature *** number of flowers in the elevated CO_(2) plots’litter traps was greater in 2018 than 2017,one year after CO_(2) enrichment began,whereas numbers declined in ambient *** with CO_(2) also increased the number o

关键词： Quercus robur L. Acorns Masting Pedunculate oak Carbon dioxide

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The Role of Impulsivity and Addiction in Gambling Behaviors: How Applied neuroscience Research Can Help in the Monitoring and Management of Mental Health Issues

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Open Journal of Medical Psychology 2024年第1期13卷 11-24页

作者： Yingzhen Jia Kimberly Rose clark College of Arts and Sciences Boston University Boston MA USA Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Dartmouth College Hanover NH USA

One in five Americans experience symptoms associated with at least one mental health disorder every year. These include behavioral addictions, which have long been overlooked despite their similar neural bases with substance addictions. Gambling addiction, a type of behavioral addiction, deserves particular attention given the significant negative effects, this addiction has on financial and interpersonal health. The purpose of this paper is to review the available literature concerning the behavioral and neural processes involved in gambling addiction, including: the anticipation of reward, the role of dopamine, and the neural substrates of the decision-making processes involved in gambling addiction. Market research has also identified solutions that integrate applied neuroscience and self-tracking systems to monitor and manage mental health issues associated with gambling addiction. The authors then propose a gambling treatment-focused mobile app solution that addresses outstanding issues with a special design aimed at reversing plasticity in order to relieve the effects of gambling addiction. .

关键词： Applied neuroscience Gambling Addiction Mental Health Management

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The nORE1A/RASSF5 Tumor Suppressor Forms a Complex with GSK-3β to Regulate β-Catenin

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第8期12卷 60-75页

作者： M. Lee Schmidt Howard Donninger Geoffrey J. clark Department Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Louisville Louisville USA US Worldmeds LouisvilleUSA Department of Medicine University of Louisville Louisville USA Experimental Therapeutics Program James Graham Brown Cancer Center University of Louisville Louisville USA

nORE1A (RASSF5) is a tumor suppressor of the RASSF family that is often down-regulated in human tumors. nORE1A has multiple roles in controlling cellular homeostasis, one of them being regulating levels of β-catenin by binding and modulating the ubiquitin ligase substrate recognition factor β-TrCP. β-catenin is a major executor of the Wnt pathway. The ubiquitin SCF-β-TrCP ligase complex acts on a phospho-degron site in β-catenin that can be phosphorylated by GSK-3β. We now show that in addition to binding β-TrCP, nORE1A also promotes the phosphorylation of the β-catenin phospho-degron by complexing with the kinase GSK-3β. Indeed, nORE1A enhances the formation of a GSK-3β/β-TrCP complex. A structural mutant of nORE1A that retains β-TrCP binding but will no longer interact with GSK-3β inhibits the β-catenin degrading action of nORE1A. The GSK-3β interaction with nORE1A plays an important role in the biology of nORE1A as a GSK-3β inhibitor blocks nORE1A induced senescence. Thus, we identify a new role for the tumor suppressor nORE1A: The regulation of GSK-3β. GSK-3β has many other substrates including multiple transcription factors and co-activators such as p53 and the Hippo component TAZ. The work implies that nORE1A may be able to influence all of them via this new kinase scaffolding interaction.

关键词： RAS nORE1A RASSF5 GSK-3β Beta Catenin HIPPO

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2023: Weather and Climate Extremes Hitting the Globe with Emerging Features

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第6期41卷 1001-1016页

作者： Wenxia ZHAnG Robin clark Tianjun ZHOU Laurent LI Chao LI Juan RIVERA Lixia ZHAnG Kexin GUI Tingyu ZHAnG Lan LI Rongyun PAn Yongjun CHEn Shijie TAnG Xin HUAnG Shuai HU State Key Laboratory of numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Met Office Hadley Centre Exeter EX13PBUK University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique CNRSSorbonne UniversitéEcole Normale SupérieureEcole PolytechniqueParis 75230France Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Hamburg 20146Germany Instituto Argentino de nivología Glaciología Y Ciencias Ambientales(IANIGLA)CCT CONICETMendoza CP 5500Argentina Shanghai Typhoon Institute China Meteorological AdministrationShanghai 200030China Asia-Pacific Typhoon Collaborative Research Center Shanghai 201306China

Globally,2023 was the warmest observed year on record since at least 1850 and,according to proxy evidence,possibly of the past 100000 *** in recent years,the record warmth has again been accompanied with yet more extreme weather and climate events throughout the ***,we provide an overview of those of 2023,with details and key background causes to help build upon our understanding of the roles of internal climate variability and anthropogenic climate *** also highlight emerging features associated with some of these extreme *** extremes are occurring earlier in the year,and increasingly simultaneously in differing parts of the world(e.g.,the concurrent hot extremes in the northern Hemisphere in July 2023).Intense cyclones are exacerbating precipitation extremes(e.g.,the north China flooding in July and the Libya flooding in September).Droughts in some regions(e.g.,California and the Horn of Africa)have transitioned into flood *** extremes also show increasing interactions with ecosystems via wildfires(e.g.,those in Hawaii in August and in Canada from spring to autumn 2023)and sandstorms(e.g.,those in Mongolia in April 2023).Finally,we also consider the challenges to research that these emerging characteristics present for the strategy and practice of adaptation.

关键词： weather and climate extremes temperature extremes extreme precipitation drought wildfires

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格雷森的周末课程项目

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英语画刊(高中版) 2024年第2期 19-21页

作者： Katie clark

星期五放学前星期五放学前，史密斯先生给全班布置了一个周末课程项目。大家都很兴奋，唯独格雷森似乎闷闷不乐——参考译文：格雷森独自坐在放学回家的公交车上，他不想和朋友或任何人说话。他们都在讨论周末的课程项目。他们很兴奋，...

星期五放学前星期五放学前，史密斯先生给全班布置了一个周末课程项目。大家都很兴奋，唯独格雷森似乎闷闷不乐——参考译文：格雷森独自坐在放学回家的公交车上，他不想和朋友或任何人说话。他们都在讨论周末的课程项目。他们很兴奋，他们不明白格雷森为什么不兴奋。他也不打算解释。格雷森一想到自己毫无兴奋之情，就窘迫得脸颊发热。他们的父母都愿意帮他们，他们怎么能理解他的感受呢？格雷森找不到人帮忙，他妈妈一直在工作，他爸爸从来不想和他一起做任何事。

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地层中的石油对其岩石地震特性的影响

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国外油气勘探 1993年第2期 188-196页

作者： Virginia a.clark 赵贤正

地震剖面上的直接烃类显示(DHIs)通常认为仅仅是气具有的特征。但是,由于地层中的石油可能含有大量的溶解气,所以含油砂层也可能产生诸如亮点和平同相轴的直接烃类显示。与在地表条件下测量的声速和石油密度值相比,溶解气明显地降低了... 详细信息

地震剖面上的直接烃类显示(DHIs)通常认为仅仅是气具有的特征。但是,由于地层中的石油可能含有大量的溶解气,所以含油砂层也可能产生诸如亮点和平同相轴的直接烃类显示。与在地表条件下测量的声速和石油密度值相比,溶解气明显地降低了这些特性。含油砂层引起的烃类显示是首先通过测量石油的弹性与气油比(GOR)的函数关系,其次是用标准压力—体积—温度(PVT)测量值计算地层中其他石油成分的弹性性质,然后用Gassmann方程对一些典型石油计算油饱和岩石中的纵波速度来研究的。由油饱和岩石引起地震异常的可能性要比人们想象的高,这是因为储层中石油的特性与地表石油特性相比有显著差别。具体是:1)石油性质取决于其成分:API比重和气油比(GOR)越高,密度和声波速度(绝热体积模量)就越低,油饱和岩石的速度也就越低。2)用油层特性计算的含油砂岩速度结果表明,具有轻油的地层或固结程度低的岩石地区是最有可能发生石油直接烃类显示的地方。因为超压地区既可能有固结程度差的岩石也可能有高气油比的石油,因此那里特别容易出现大的石油响应。

关键词：地层石油溶解气地震特性直接烃类显示

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锡兰一瞥

锡兰一瞥

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丛书名：少年史地丛书

1930年

作者：（英）a.clark 王雨生译

书名原文:A Glance over Ceylon:内分岛国、锡兰的故事、人民、沿途风景、棕树林、宝石出产地、捕象等21章。

关键词：历史、地理地理亚洲地理

来源：汇雅图书（南通市图书馆... 评论

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