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A decision aid for the port placement problem in robot-assisted hysterectomy

Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic surgery 2023年第2期6卷 43-56页

作者： Mohammad R.Maddah Jean-Marc Classe Isabelle Jaffre Keith A.Watson katherine s.lin Damien Chablat Cedric Dumas Caroline G.L.Cao Department of Biomedical Industrialand Human Factors EngineeringWright State University3640 Colonel Glenn HwyDaytonOHUSA Department of Automatique Productique et InformatiqueIMT Atlantique4 Rue Alfred KastlerNantesFrance Laboratoire des sciences Du Numerique de Nantes(Ls2N) 2 Chemin de La Houssini?ereNantesFrance Centre Rene Gauducheau ICO Institut de Cancerologie de L'Ouest BD Professeur Jacques MonodSaint-HerblainFrance Brethen Center for surgical Advancement in Robotics and Minimally Invasive surgery Miami Valley HospitalOne Wyoming StreetDaytonOHUSA Department of Computer science IMT AtlantiqueTechnopole Brest-IroiseBrestFrance Laboratoire des sciences et Techniques de L'information de La Communication et de La Connaissance(Lab-sTICC) Technopole Brest-IroiseBrestFrance Future Industries Institute STEMUniversity of South AustraliaMawson Lakes BlvdMawson LakesAustralia

Objective:In robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery,proper port positioning ensures that surgical tools have adequate access to the surgical site and avoids mid-surgery collisions of robotic *** date,several guidelines have been proposed for more accurate port ***,challenges remain due to variations in patient morphology,anatomy,and,in particular,organ displacement due to insuf-flation in certain laparoscopic *** objective of this study was to design and develop a de-cision aid for optimal port placement in robot-assisted hysterectomy that accounts for patient variability and organ displacement due to ***:Three components were constructed:a robot model,a patient-specific model,and an opti-mization *** three components were integrated,and the system was verified using four different patients who underwent robotic *** verified,two expert surgeons were asked to evaluate the decision aid for face and construct validity.A usability test was conducted using a torso phantom with target organs located in three different *** expert surgeons performed a simulated hysterectomy task with and without the decision aid to evaluate performance and ***:The optimization algorithm was sensitive to individual differences in anatomy in the four *** surgeons successfully established face and construct *** test results showed a 28%-40% reduction in time to task completion with the optimized ports compared to expert-determined port locations without using the decision ***:The decision aid,based on an individualized patient-specific model,robot model,and optimization algorithm,was shown to be effective at addressing the challenges of displaced organs due to insufflation in robot-assisted *** face and construct validity of the decision aid was established by expert surgeons,while efficiency gains in task performance were demonstrated experim

关键词： Optimization Planning tool Patient model Robotic hysterectomy

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COP28 Makes It Official: Fossil Fuels Cause Climate Change

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Engineering 2024年第6期37卷 3-5页

作者： katherine Bourzac senior Technology Writer

On November 30,2023,amidst outrage over its leadership’s ties to the oil and gas industry[1],COP28—shorthand for the 28th United Nations(UN)“Conference of the Parties”Climate Change meeting—began in Dubai,United Arab Emirates(UAE).However,by the end of the conference on December 12,its attendees had surprisingly reached agreement on a handful of steps to address the challenges posed by climate *** biggest surprise?Explicitly identifying fossil fuels as the root cause of climate *** the first time in the summit’s 28-year history,delegates representing nearly 200 countries acknowledged the role of fossil fuels in driving climate *** agreed to work on “transitioning away from fossil fuels in energy systems,in a just,orderly,and equitable manner,accelerating action in this critical decade,so as to achieve net zero by 2050 in keeping with the science”[2].

关键词： representing driving steps

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Alcohol associated liver disease and bariatric surgery:Current perspectives and future directions

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal surgery 2024年第3期16卷 650-657页

作者： katherine M Cooper Alessandro Colletta Nicholas Hebda Deepika Devuni Department of Medicine UMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States Division of Gastroenterology UMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States

Bariatric surgery is a routinely performed procedure and is associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality in patients with ***,bariatric sur-gery has also been linked to increased alcohol use with up to 30%of these patients developing alcohol use disorder(AUD).The mechanism of AUD after bariatric surgery is multifactorial and includes anatomic,metabolic,and neurohumoral changes associated with post-surgical *** patients are at increased risk of alcohol associated liver disease and,in some cases,require liver *** this article,we provide a scoping review of epidemiology,patho-physiology,and clinical outcomes of alcohol-related health conditions after bariatric surgery.

关键词： Obesity medicine Alcohol use disorder Roux-en-Y gastric bypass Vertical sleeve gastrectomy Liver transplant simultaneous liver transplant and bariatric surgery

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Nutritional epigenetics education improves diet and attitude of parents of children with autism or attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 159-178页

作者： Renee J Dufault katherine M Adler David O Carpenter steven G Gilbert Raquel A Crider College of Graduate Health studies A.T.Still UniversityKirksvilleMO 63501United States Department of Research Food Ingredient and Health Research InstituteNaalehuHI 96772United States Department of Health sciences University of New HavenWest HavenCT 06516United States Institute for Health and the Environment School of Public HealthState University of New YorkAlbanyNY 12222United States Department of Research Institute of Neurotoxicology and Neurological DisordersSeattleWA 98105United States Department of statistics Food Ingredient and Health Research InstituteNaalehuHI 96772United States

BACKGROUND Unhealthy maternal diet leads to heavy metal exposures from the consumption of ultra-processed foods that may impact gene behavior across generations,creating conditions for the neurodevelopmental disorders known as autism and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).Children with these disorders have difficulty metabolizing and excreting heavy metals from their bloodstream,and the severity of their symptoms correlates with the heavy metal levels measured in their *** may play a key role in helping parents reduce their ultra-processed food and dietary heavy metal intake by providing access to effective nutritional epigenetics *** To test the efficacy of nutritional epigenetics instruction in reducing parental ultra-processed food *** The study utilized a semi-randomized test and control group pretest-posttest pilot study design with participants recruited from parents having a learning-disabled child with autism or ***-two parents who met the inclusion criteria were randomly selected to serve in the test(n=11)or control(n=11)*** test group participated in the six-week online nutritional epigenetics tutorial,while the control group did *** efficacy of the nutritional epigenetics instruction was determined by measuring changes in parent diet and attitude using data derived from an online diet survey administered to the participants during the pre and post intervention *** intake scores were derived for both ultra-processed and whole/organic *** sample t-tests were conducted to determine any differences in mean diet scores within each *** There was a significant difference in the diet scores of the test group between the pre-and post-intervention *** parents in the test group significantly reduced their intake of ultra-processed foods with a preintervention diet score of 70(mean=5.385,sD=2.534)and a post-intervention diet score of 113(mean=8.692,sD=1.750)and the

关键词： Epigenomics Parenteral nutrition Autism Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder Ultra-processed foods Heavy metals

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Multiple myeloma survival in New south Wales, Australia, by treatment era to 2020

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第8期 703-711页

作者： Eleonora Feletto Qingwei Luo Anna Kelly Marianne Weber David Goldsbury katherine Barron Karen Canfell Xue Qin Yu The Daffodil Centre The University of Sydney A Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSW

Objective: Australia has relatively high multiple myeloma(MM) incidence and mortality rates. Advancements in MM treatment over recent decades have driven improvements in MM survival in high-income countries; however, reporting in Australia is limited. We investigated temporal trends in population-wide MM survival across 3 periods of treatment advancements in New south Wales(NsW), ***: Individuals with an MM diagnosis in the NsW Cancer Registry between 1985 and 2015 with vital follow-up to 2020, were categorized into 3 previously defined treatment eras according to their diagnosis date(1985±1995, chemotherapy only; 1996±2007, autologous stem cell transplantation; and 2008±2015, novel agents including proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs). Both relative survival and cause-specific survival according to Fine and Gray's competing risks cumulative incidence function were calculated by treatment era and age at ***: Overall, 11,591 individuals were included in the study, with a median age of 70 years at diagnosis. Five-year relative survival improved over the 36-year(1985±2020) study period(31.0% in 1985±1995; 41.9% in 1996±2007; and 56.1% in 2008±2015). For individuals diagnosed before 70 years of age, the 5-year relative survival nearly doubled, from 36.5% in 1985±1995 to 68.5% in 2008±2015. Improvements for those > 70 years of age were less pronounced between 1985±1995 and 1996±2007; however, significant improvements were observed for those diagnosed in 2008±2015. similar overall and age-specific patterns were observed for causespecific survival. After adjustment for gender and age at diagnosis, treatment era was strongly associated with both relative and cause-specific survival(P sions: survival of individuals with MM is improving in Australia with treatment advances. However, older age groups continue to experience poor survival outcomes with only modest improvements over time. Given the increasing prevalence of

关键词： Australia Multiple myeloma cancer epidemiology competing risk analysis survival analysis

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sarcopenic obesity in patients awaiting liver transplant: Unique challenges for nutritional recommendations

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第2期14卷 40-47页

作者： Darya M Herscovici katherine M Cooper Alessandro Colletta Michelle Rightmyer Alexandra shingina Lauren D Feld Department of Medicine UMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States Division of Transplant Nutrition UMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37215United States Division of Gastroenterology UMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States

sarcopenic obesity increases the risk of mortality in patients with liver disease awaiting liver transplantation and in the post-transplant *** recommendations for individuals with sarcopenia differ from recommendations for patients with obesity or sarcopenic *** these nutrition guidelines have been established in non-cirrhotic patients,established guidelines for liver transplant candidates with sarcopenic obesity are *** this paper,we review existing literature on sarcopenic obesity in patients with chronic liver disease and address opportunities to improve nutritional couns.ling in patients awaiting liver transplantation.

关键词： Nutrition sarcopenia sarcopenic obesity Liver transplant Cirrhosis Chronic liver disease Body composition Myostatin

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Dynamic spacer Installation of Multifunctionalities into Metal-Organic Frameworks for spontaneous One-step Ethylene Purification from a Ternary C_(2)-Hydrocarbons Mixture

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CCs Chemistry 2024年第1期6卷 241-254页

作者： Yang-Yang Xiong Cheng-Xia Chen Tony Pham Zhang-Wen Wei katherine A.Forrest Mei Pan Cheng-Yong su MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional MaterialsSchool of ChemistrySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275 Department of Chemistry University of South FloridaTampaFlorida 33620

simultaneous ethane and acetylene removal from a C_(2)-gases mixture(C_(2)H_(6),C_(2)H_(4),and C_(2)H_(2))through a one-step separation process for ethylene purification is of great importance yet challenging in petrochemical industry,owing to their similar molecule sizes and physical ***,a series of multifunctionalized metal–organic frameworks(MOFs),LIFM-XYY-1∼8(LIFM stands for Lehn Institute of Functional Materials,and XYY are the initials of the first author),are constructed via a dynamic spacer installation(DsI)approach to optimize the pore-nanospaces for efficient C_(2)H_(4) isolation from the ternary C_(2)-gases *** of variable organic-spacers into the prototypical MOFs,LIFM-28 or PCN-700,results in dramatically improved pore volume/surface area,contracted pore size,and functionalized pore surface,which in turn bring out high C_(2)-gases uptake capacities,enhanced C_(2)H_(6) and C_(2)H_(2) adsorption selectivities over C_(2)H_(4),and fast adsorption kinetics,providing an effective strategy to achieve delicate trade-off among these indexes for adequate separation ***,optimized LIFM-XYY-7 presents four-times C_(2)H_(6) and C_(2)H_(2) adsorption capacities than *** breakthrough experiments reveal that poly-grade C_(2)H_(4)(>99.9%)can be obtained from binary or ternary C_(2)-hydrocarbon mixtures through a single separation *** with themolecular simulations,this work demonstrates a promising protocol of porenanospace engineering via multi-functional optimization by the DsI approach to screen out MOFs for a formidable task.

关键词： metal-organic frameworks dynamic spacer installation C_(2)H_(6)/C_(2)H_(2)/C_(2)H_(4)gases separation pore nanospace engineering multi-functional optimization

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Umbilical Cord Prolapse Managed by Assisted Vacuum Delivery

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2024年第7期13卷 234-240页

作者： katherine Magali Michael Haule Musa Faraay Eltruda Tesha Obstetrics and Gynecology Department Manyara Regional Referral Hospital Babati Tanzania Theatre and Anaesthesia Unit Manyara Regional Referral Hospital Babati Tanzania

G4P3L3 was at 40 weeks of gestation who was admitted in active stage of labor with normal fetal heart rate. At 8 cm cervical dilatation she experienced spontaneous rupture of membrane with clear liquor. Cord prolapse was detected and was prepared for caesarian section meanwhile she was kept in knee chest position and bladder was filled with normal s.line 0.9%. 30 min before operation she was fully dilated with signs of Non reassuring fetal status, vacuum extraction was done to assist delivery as soon as possible. The APGAR score was 6 and 10 in the first and fifth minutes respectively. Mother and the baby were discharged the next day in good condition.

关键词： Umbilical Cord Prolapse Operative Vaginal Delivery Vacuum Extraction

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Perceptions of Bark Beetle Landscape Disturbance Effects on Natural Resources and Drinking Water: Assessing Communication and Knowledge Exchange in the Rocky Mountain Region, UsA

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第1期14卷 77-100页

作者： stuart P. Cottrell katherine Mattor Jana Raadik Cottrell Human Dimensions of Natural Resources Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA Forest and Rangeland stewardship (FRs) Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA University Honors Program Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA Kuressaare College of Tallinn University of Technology Kuressaare Estonia

Widespread changes to forested watersheds affected by the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) epidemic across western North America raised concerns about the effects of this climate-induced disturbance on drinking water and natural resources. Effective communication and knowledge exchange across scientists and stakeholders (i.e., drinking water managers) is essential for constructively responding to such landscape scale disturbances, providing improved adaptive capacity through knowledge sharing. An assessment of stakeholder knowledge levels, information needs, primary concerns, and suggested communication strategies were conducted via an online elicitation survey and World science Café workshops. Knowledge levels, assessed via a survey of local water managers and experts, were relatively low with approximately half of the respondents reporting little to no knowledge of the effects of mountain pine beetle on drinking water quality and quantity, thereby indicating limited knowledge exchange between scientists and drinking water stakeholders. Increased accessibility and dissemination of research findings pertinent to the mountain pine beetle epidemic’s effects on drinking water quality and quantity is necessary for natural resource management. Recommendations for improved communication among scientists and drinking water stakeholders in particular and forest health in general include dispersal of non-academic research summaries, information exchange through existing media and community resources, demonstration projects, and information clearinghouses. This information provides a better understanding of the challenges, concerns, and first-hand experience of stakeholders of a landscape disturbance issue to apply this knowledge to enhance land management practice and how researchers on this overall project enhanced science communication efforts.

关键词： Adaptive Capacity Climate Change Forested Watersheds Water Quality Water Quantity

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Mistreatment during Childbirth: Impact on Maternal Outcomes and Importance of Provider Perspectives

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第2期14卷 227-233页

作者： samantha Truong katherine lindsey Doughty Mary Greenwald Annekathryn Goodman Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston USA

Background: Dying in childbirth is one of the most common causes of death for women. While maternal mortality rates, defined as deaths per 100,000 live births, have been steadily dropping in most countries worldwide, maternal mortality rates have doubled in the United states in the last twenty years. This commentary examines the various contributing factors to this trend. Methods: A literature review was performed using the keywords: maternal mortality, United states, disrespectful maternity care, obstetric violence, provider perspectives, and disparities. Maternal mortality statistics were obtained from the World Health Organization website. Results: Medical factors associated with maternal mortality include increased maternal age and cardiovascular conditions. social factors include barriers to healthcare access, delays in receiving medical care, reduction in reproductive health services in some states, and non-obstetrical deaths such as accidents, domestic violence, and suicide. Racial inequities and disparities of care are reflected in higher maternal mortality rates for minorities and people of color. Disrespectful maternity care or obstetric violence has been reported worldwide as a factor in delay of lifesaving obstetrical care and reluctance by a pregnant person to access the healthcare system. About one in five Us women has reported experiencing mistreatment, varying from verbal abuse to lack of privacy, from coerced procedures to neglect during childbirth. Conclusion: This commentary highlights the importance of inclusion of providers in research on respectful maternity care. Provider burnout, moral distress, limited time, and burden of clinical responsibilities are known challenges to respectful and comprehensive medical care. The association of disrespectful care with poor maternal outcomes needs to be studied. Exploring root causes of disrespectful childbirth care can empower nurses, midwives, and physicians to improve their environment and find solutio

关键词： Maternal Mortality United states Disrespectful Maternity Care Obstetric Vi-olence Provider Perspectives Disparities

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