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Spatial distribution of people diagnosed with tuberculosis through routine and active case finding:a community-based study in Kampala,Uganda

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第3期9卷 142-143页

作者： katherine o.robsky Peter J.Kitonsa James Mukiibi olga Nakasolya David Isooba Annet Nalutaaya Phillip P.Salvatore Emily A.Kendall Achilles Katamba David Dowdy Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMDUSA Uganda Tuberculosis Implementation Research Consortium Makerere UniversityKampalaUganda

Background:Routine tuberculosis(TB)notifications are geographically heterogeneous,but their utility in predicting the location of undiagnosed TB cases is *** aimed to identify small-scale geographic areas with high TB notification rates based on routinely collected data and to evaluate whether these areas have a correspondingly high rate of undiagnosed prevalent ***:We used routinely collected data to identify geographic areas with high TB notification rates and evaluated the extent to which these areas correlated with the location of undiagnosed cases during a subsequent community-wide active case finding intervention in Kampala,*** first enrolled all adults who lived within 35 contiguous zones and were diagnosed through routine care at four local TB Diagnosis and Treatment *** calculated average monthly TB notification rates in each zone and defined geographic areas of“high risk”as zones that constituted the 20%of the population with highest notification *** compared the observed proportion of TB notifications among residents of these high-risk zones to the expected proportion,using simulated estimates based on population size and random variation *** then evaluated the extent to which these high-risk zones identified areas with high burdens of undiagnosed TB during a subsequent community-based active case finding campaign using a chi-square ***:We enrolled 45 adults diagnosed with TB through routine practices and who lived within the study area(estimated population of 49527).Eighteen zones reported no TB cases in the 9-month period;among the remaining zones,monthly TB notification rates ranged from 3.9 to 39.4 per 100000 *** five zones with the highest notification rates constituted 62%(95%CI:47–75%)of TB cases and 22%of the population–significantly higher than would be expected if population size and random chance were the only determinants of zone-to-zone variation(48%,95%simulation interval:40–59%).These f

关键词： Tuberculosis Epidemiology Health system Geographic information systems

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Nutritional epigenetics education improves diet and attitude of parents of children with autism or attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 159-178页

作者： Renee J Dufault katherine M Adler David o Carpenter Steven G Gilbert Raquel A Crider College of Graduate Health Studies A.T.Still UniversityKirksvilleMO 63501United States Department of Research Food Ingredient and Health Research InstituteNaalehuHI 96772United States Department of Health Sciences University of New HavenWest HavenCT 06516United States Institute for Health and the Environment School of Public HealthState University of New YorkAlbanyNY 12222United States Department of Research Institute of Neurotoxicology and Neurological DisordersSeattleWA 98105United States Department of Statistics Food Ingredient and Health Research InstituteNaalehuHI 96772United States

BACKGRoUND Unhealthy maternal diet leads to heavy metal exposures from the consumption of ultra-processed foods that may impact gene behavior across generations,creating conditions for the neurodevelopmental disorders known as autism and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).Children with these disorders have difficulty metabolizing and excreting heavy metals from their bloodstream,and the severity of their symptoms correlates with the heavy metal levels measured in their *** may play a key role in helping parents reduce their ultra-processed food and dietary heavy metal intake by providing access to effective nutritional epigenetics *** To test the efficacy of nutritional epigenetics instruction in reducing parental ultra-processed food *** The study utilized a semi-randomized test and control group pretest-posttest pilot study design with participants recruited from parents having a learning-disabled child with autism or ***-two parents who met the inclusion criteria were randomly selected to serve in the test(n=11)or control(n=11)*** test group participated in the six-week online nutritional epigenetics tutorial,while the control group did *** efficacy of the nutritional epigenetics instruction was determined by measuring changes in parent diet and attitude using data derived from an online diet survey administered to the participants during the pre and post intervention *** intake scores were derived for both ultra-processed and whole/organic *** sample t-tests were conducted to determine any differences in mean diet scores within each *** There was a significant difference in the diet scores of the test group between the pre-and post-intervention *** parents in the test group significantly reduced their intake of ultra-processed foods with a preintervention diet score of 70(mean=5.385,SD=2.534)and a post-intervention diet score of 113(mean=8.692,SD=1.750)and the

关键词： Epigenomics Parenteral nutrition Autism Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder Ultra-processed foods Heavy metals

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The contribution of botanic gardens to ex situ conservation through seed banking

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Plant Diversity 2017年第6期39卷 373-378页

作者： katherine o'Donnell Suzanne Sharrock Botanic Gardens Conservation International Descanso House

Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation calls for 'at least 75 per cent of threatened plant species in ex situ collections, preferably in the country of origin, and at least 20 per cent available for recovery and restoration programmes by 2020'.Botanic gardens make a significant contribution to ex situ conservation of wild species with more than a third of plant species represented in botanic gardens collections. These collections are a combination of living collection and seed banked material. Seed banking can provide an efficient form of conservation for wild plant genetic *** from Botanic Gardens Conservation International's(BGCI) databases(GardenSearch,PlantSearch, ThreatSearch and GlobalTreeSearch) has been analysed as well as survey data to report on global, regional and national seed banking *** from BGCI's databases indicates that there are at least 350 seed banking botanic gardens in 74 countries. In total 56,987 taxa have been banked including more than 9000 taxa that are threatened with extinction. 6881 tree species are stored in ex situ seed bank collections. More than half(3562) of these tree species are single country endemics and represent species from more than 166 *** study suggests that institutions are increasingly conserving plant species via seed *** the majority of species in collections that have a conservation assessment are not threatened with extinction. This disjunction between species that are threatened and those conserved in seed banks needs to be addressed. Data from BGCI's databases can be used to enable prioritisation of threatened plant species for collection and conservation in seed banks. Further recommendations for botanic gardens involved in seed conservation are presented.

关键词： Seed banking GSPC ex situ conservation Conservation assessments Botanic gardens

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Tissue culture tools for selenium hyperaccumulator Neptunia amplexicaulis for development in phytoextraction

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2022年第1期12卷 409-417页

作者： Billy o’Donohue Jayeni Hiti-Bandaralage Madeleine Gleeson Chris o’Brien Maggie-Anne Harvey Antony van der Ent katherine Pinto Irish Neena Mitter Alice Hayward Centre for Horticultural Science Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation Sustainable Minerals InstituteThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia

Neptunia amplexicaulis is an herbaceous legume endemic to the Richmond area in central Queensland,Australia and is one of the strongest known Selenium hyperaccumulators on earth,showing significant potential to be utilised in Se phytoextraction *** a protocol was established for in vitro micropropagation of Se hyperaccumula-tor *** using nodal segments from in vitro-germinated *** multiplication was achieved on Murashige and Skoog(MS)basal media supplemented with various concentrations of 6-Benzylaminopurine(BA)(1.0,2.0,3.0 mg L^(−1))alone or in combination with low levels of Naphthaleneacetic acid(NAA)(0.1,0.2,0.3 mg L^(−1)),with 2.0 mg L^(−1) BA+0.2 mg L^(−1) NAA found to be most *** shoots were rooted in vitro using NAA,with highest root induction rate of 30%observed at 0.2 mg L^(−1) *** 95%of the in vitro rooted shoots survived *** propagated plantlets were dosed with selenate/selenite solution and assessed for Se tissue concentrations using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy(ICP-AES)and found to retain their ability to *** protocol developed for this study has potential to be optimised for generating clonal plants of *** for use in research and phytoextraction industry applications.

关键词： Micropropagation Hyperaccumulation Phytoextraction Selenium Tissue culture Neptunia amplexicaulis

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Journey Through the Groan Zone with Academics and Practitioners: Bridging Conflict and Difference to Strengthen Disaster Risk Reduction and Recovery Work

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2018年第3期9卷 421-428页

作者： katherine E.Browne Caela o'Connell Laura Meitzner Yoder Department of Anthropology Colorado State University Department of Anthropology – Disasters Displacement and Human Rights Program University of Tennessee Program in Human Needs and Global Resources Wheaton College

Academic-practitioner divides in disaster management and research can be persistent and pernicious,bearing consequences for disaster survivors and future affected populations. The gap between disaster professionals and academic researchers is often treated as an unavoidable structural problem or a neutral accident of professional silos and circumstance. We suggest that these gaps are not neutral, and that they can and must be overcome. With hundreds of millions of people affected by disaster each year and recovery costs skyrocketing, there is urgency in connecting researcher and practitioner knowledges to avoid expensive mistakes and most importantly, to decrease human suffering. Yet the difficulties that US academic anthropologists and practitioners experienced in their efforts to collaborate became evident in a cross-sector National Science Foundation(NSF)-funded workshop on the relevance of culture in disaster work. We suggest and illustrate how more systematic cross-field communication can be operationalized through engaging in an ongoing and relational process of bridging. Such a process can offer long-term benefits to the people and institutions involved,dramatically enhance the science of disaster management,and help reduce the social and material costs of disaster impacts.

关键词： Academic and practitioner divide Applied research Cross-sector communication Culture and disaster Disaster anthropology Disaster management

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Two-dimensional d-πconjugated metal-organic framework based on hexahydroxytrinaphthylene

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Nano Research 2021年第2期14卷 369-375页

作者： Zheng Meng katherine A.Mirica Department of Chemistry Burke Laboratory41 College Streety Dartmouth CollegeHanoverNH 03755USA

The development of new two-dimensional(2D)d-πconjugated metal-organic frameworks(MoFs)holds great promise for the construction of a new generation of porous and semiconductive *** paper describes the synthesis,structural characterization,and electronic properties of a new d-πconjugated 2D MoF based on the use of a new ligand 2,3,8,9,14,*** reticular self-assembly of this largeπ-conjugated organic building block with Cu(II)ions in a mixed solvent system of 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone(DMI)and H2 o with the addition of ammonia water or ethylenediamine leads to a highly crystalline MoF Cu3(HHTN)2,which possesses pore aperture of 2.5 ***3(HHTN)2 MoF shows moderate electrical conductivity of 9.01×10^(-8)S·cm^(-1)at 385 K and temperature-dependent band gap ranging from 0.75 to 1.65 *** chemical oxidation by l2,the conductivity of Cu3(HHTN)2 can be increased by 360 *** access to HHTN based MoF adds an important member to previously reported MoF systems with hexagonal lattice,paving the way towards systematic studies of structure-property relationships of semiconductive MoFs.

关键词： two-dimensional metal-organic framework(MoF) trinaphthylene conductive MoF

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Innate and adaptive T cells in influenza disease

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Frontiers of Medicine 2018年第1期12卷 34-47页

作者： Simone Nfissing Sneha Sant Marios Koutsakos Kanta Subbarao Thi H.o. Nguyen katherine Kedzierska Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Parkville 3010 Victoria Australia World Health organisation (WHo) Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Melbourne 3000 Victoria Australia

Influenza is a major global health problem, causing infections of the respiratory tract, often leading to acute pneumonia, life-threatening complications and even deaths. over the last seven decades, vaccination strategies have been utilized to protect people from complications of influenza, especially groups at high risk of severe disease. While current vaccination regimens elicit strain-specific antibody responses, they fail to generate cross-protection against seasonal, pandemic and avian viruses. Moreover, vaccines designed to generate influenza- specific T-cell responses are yet to be optimized. During natural infection, viral replication is initially controlled by innate immunity before adaptive immune responses （T cells and antibody-producing B cells） achieve viral clearance and host recovery. Adaptive T and B cells maintain immunological memory and provide protection against subsequent infections with related influenza viruses. Recent studies also shed light on the role of innate T- cells （MAIT cells, y~ T cells, and NKT cells） in controlling influenza and linking innate and adaptive immune mechanisms, thus making them attractive targets for vaccination strategies. We summarize the current knowledge on influenza-specific innate MAIT and γδ T cells as well as adaptive CD8＋ and CD4＋ T cells, and discuss how these responses can be harnessed by novel vaccine strategies to elicit cross-protective immunity against different influenza strains and subtypes.

关键词： influenza innate T cells CD4+ and CD8+ T cells vaccination

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Concurrent multi-peak Bragg coherent x-ray diffraction imaging of 3D nanocrystal lattice displacement via global optimization

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1579-1590页

作者： Siddharth Maddali Travis D.Frazer Nazar Delegan katherine J.Harmon Sean E.Sullivan Marc Allain Wonsuk Cha Alan Dibos Ishwor Poudyal Saugat Kandel Youssef S.G.Nashed F.Joseph Heremans Hoydoo You Yue Cao Stephan o.Hruszkewycz Materials Science Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA Center for Molecular Engineering Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA Aix-Marseille Univ CNRSCentrale MarseilleInstitut FresnelMarseilleFrance X-ray Science Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA Mathematics&Computer Science Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering University of Chicago5640 South Ellis AvenueChicagoIL 60637USA SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCAUSA

In this paper we demonstrated a method to reconstruct vector-valued lattice distortion fields within nanoscale crystals by optimization of a forward model of multi-reflection Bragg coherent diffraction imaging(MR-BCDI)*** method flexibly accounts for geometric factors that arise when making BCDI measurements,is amenable to efficient inversion with modern optimization toolkits,and allows for globally constraining a single image reconstruction to multiple Bragg peak *** is enabled by a forward model that emulates the multiple Bragg peaks of a MR-BCDI experiment from a single estimate of the 3D crystal *** present this forward model,we implement it within the stochastic gradient descent optimization framework,and we demonstrate it with simulated and experimental data of nanocrystals with inhomogeneous internal lattice *** find that utilizing a global optimization approach to MR-BCDI affords a reliable path to convergence of data which is otherwise challenging to reconstruct.

关键词： optimization coherent lattice

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回顾2014数字印刷发展展望drupa 2016

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数字印刷 2015年第2期 37-39页

作者： katherine o'Brien

下一届的drupa将于2016年5月31日在德国杜塞尔多夫隆重举办。2015年也将是众多厂商为这次展会做准备的关键年。下一届的drupa将于2016年5月31日在德国杜塞尔多夫隆重举办。2015年也将是众多厂商为这次展会做准备的关键年。对干胶印设备... 详细信息

下一届的drupa将于2016年5月31日在德国杜塞尔多夫隆重举办。2015年也将是众多厂商为这次展会做准备的关键年。下一届的drupa将于2016年5月31日在德国杜塞尔多夫隆重举办。2015年也将是众多厂商为这次展会做准备的关键年。对干胶印设备供应商，行业观察人士都很期待能在这次展会上看到更多关于小森与兰达合作研发纳米技术的最新消息。

关键词： drupa 数字印刷杜塞尔多夫展望设备供应商纳米技术展会干胶印

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糖尿病相关的足病的定义和标准(2023年更新版)

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感染、炎症、修复 2024年第1期25卷 80-85页

作者： Jaap J.van Netten Sicco A.Bus Jan Apelqvist Pam Chen Vivienne Chuter Robert Fitridge Frances Game Robert J.Hinchliffe Peter A.Lazzarini Joseph Mills Matilde Monteiro-Soares Edgar J.G.Peters katherine M.Raspovic Eric Senneville Dane K.Wukich Nicolaas C.Schaper on behalf of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot 张会峰(译) 许樟荣(审校) Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Amsterdam UMCLocation University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands Amsterdam Movement Sciences Program RehabilitationAmsterdamthe Netherlands Department of Endocrinology University Hospital of MalmöMalmöSweden Joondalup Health Campus Ramsay HealthcareSydneyAustralia Faculty of Health University of TasmaniaHobartAustralia School of Health Sciences Western Sydney UniversitySydneyAustralia Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia Vascular and Endovascular Service Royal Adelaide HospitalAdelaideAustralia Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation TrustDerbyUK Department of Vascular Surgery University of BristolBristolUK School of Public Health and Social Work Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneAustralia Allied Health Research Collaborative The Prince Charles HospitalBrisbaneAustralia Michael E.DeBakey Department of Surgery Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular TherapyBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA Portuguese Red Cross School of Health–Lisbon LisbonPortugal MEDCIDS–Departamento de Medicina da Comunidade Informação e Decisão em Saúde Faculty of Medicine of the University of PortoPortoPortugal RISE@CINTESIS Faculty of Medicine Oporto UniversityPortoPortugal Department of Internal Medicine Amsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamSection of Infectious DiseasesAmsterdamthe Netherlands Department of orthopaedic Surgery University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexasUSA Department of Infectious Diseases Gustave Dron Hospital Tourcoing Univ-lilleTourcoingFrance Div.Endocrinology MUMC+CARIM and CAPHRI InstituteMaastrichtThe Netherlands 不详河南省人民医院内分泌科河南郑州450003 战略支援部队特色医学中心北京100101

糖尿病相关的足病管理涉及多个学科,通用的专业词汇对于各学科间准确沟通交流至关重要。国际糖尿病足工作组(IWGDF)对相关文献进行了系统综述,构成了制定IWGDF指南的基础,并且明确了糖尿病相关的足病的一系列定义、标准及名词解释。本... 详细信息

糖尿病相关的足病管理涉及多个学科,通用的专业词汇对于各学科间准确沟通交流至关重要。国际糖尿病足工作组(IWGDF)对相关文献进行了系统综述,构成了制定IWGDF指南的基础,并且明确了糖尿病相关的足病的一系列定义、标准及名词解释。本文介绍2023年IWGDF对这些定义和标准的更新,并建议在临床实践和研究中一致使用,以利于世界各地不同学科人员针对糖尿病相关的足病的专业性交流。

关键词：定义糖尿病糖尿病相关的足病国际糖尿病足工作组

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