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Effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine: An in silico pharmacological model

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2020年第8期13卷 366-374页

作者： Mila Nu Nu Htay Ian M Hastings Eva Maria Hodel katherine Kay Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Liverpool L35QAUnited Kingdom Department of Community Medicine Melaka-Manipal Medical CollegeManipal Academy of Higher Education(MAHE)MelakaMalaysia Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme BlantyreMalawi University of Liverpool Liverpool L693GFUnited Kingdom Metrum Research Group TariffvilleConnecticut06081United States of America

Objective:To explore the efficacy of intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy(IPTp)with sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine(SP)against sensitive ***:A pharmacological model was used to investigate the effectiveness of the previous recommended at least two-dose regimen,currently recommended three-dose regimen and 4,6,8-weekly regimens with specific focus on the impact of various nonadherence patterns in multiple transmission ***:The effectiveness of the recommended three-dose regimen is high in all the transmission intensities,i.e.>99%,98%and 92%in low,moderate and high transmission intensities *** simulated 4 and 6 weekly IPTp-SP regimens were able to prevent new infections with sensitive parasites in almost all women(>99%)regardless of transmission ***,8 weekly interval dose schedules were found to have 71%and 86%protective efficacies in high and moderate transmission areas,*** highlights that patients are particularly vulnerable to acquiring new infections if IPTp-SP doses are ***:The pharmacological model predicts that full adherence to the currently recommended three-dose regimen should provide almost complete protection from malaria infection in moderate and high transmission ***,it also highlights that patients are particularly vulnerable to acquiring new infections if IPTp doses are spaced too widely or if doses are *** to the recommended IPTp-SP schedules is recommended.

关键词： Intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine Malaria infection in pregnancy Three-dose regimen In silico pharmacological model

Unexplained iron deficiency anemia:does Helicobacter pylori have a role to play?

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Gastroenterology Report 2018年第3期6卷 215-220,I0003页

作者： Savio John Juan Diego Baltodano Nilesh Mehta katherine Mark Uma Murthy Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology State University of New York(SUNY)Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkNYUSA Department of Medicine SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNYUSA Department of Gastroenterology Syracuse VA Medical CenterSyracuseNYUSA

Background and aim:Testing for Helicobacter pylori(Hp)infection is recommended for work-up of unexplained iron deficiency anemia(IDA),although the evidence supporting this recommendation is *** aim of this study was to investigate the association between Hp infection and unexplained iron deficiency(ID)or IDA in the older adult population without significant upper gastrointestinal source of blood ***:Retrospective single-center cohort study;523 out of 1253 consecutive patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy with no significant upper and/or lower gastrointestinal source for blood loss or risk factors for *** were made between the Hp-positive and Hp-negative groups using Fisher exact test,chi-square test and Student’s *** and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to identify significant risk factors associated with ID and ***:One hundred and three subjects(19.7%)had Hp infection and 420(80.3%)were negative for ***-eight(22.1%)out of 307 subjects with available serum iron profile had unexplained ID and 28(5.4%)out of 510 subjects with available hemoglobin profile had unexplained *** association was found between ID/IDA and Hp infection in univariate and multiple logistic regression ***:We found no association between unexplained ID or IDA and Hp infection in older adult population without peptic ulcer disease or significant upper gastrointestinal source of blood loss.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori anemia iron deficiency

Understanding of chemoprophylaxis and concordance in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第5期16卷 578-582页

作者： Adam Low Melanie Love Robert Walt katherine Kane Bertus Eksteen Jason Goh Department of Gastroenterology Queen Elizabeth Hospital University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Edgbaston Birmingham B15 6HT United Kingdom Department of Liver Medicine Queen Elizabeth Hospital University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Edgbaston Birmingham B15 6HT United Kingdom

AIM:To assess patients' understanding for the reasons for taking 5-aminosalicylic acid or ursodeoxycholic acid as chemoprophylaxis against colorectal carcinoma associated with in? ammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS: A questionnaire-based study using a 5 point opinion scale was performed. One hundred and ninety-two patients with colitis only and 74 patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis and IBD were invited to take part. RESULTS: Overall response rate was 58%. Sixtyfour percent of patients claimed full concordance with chemoprophylaxis for maintenance of remission. Eightyfour percent of patients considered daily concordance during remission to be very important. Seventy-five percent stated they understood the reasons for taking the drugs. However, only 50% of the patients were aware of any link of their condition to bowel cancer. Seventy-nine percent of patients felt their concordance and understanding would be improved if they were informed of the chemoprophylactic potential of the medication.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Primary sclerosing cholangitis Colorectal cancer 5-aminosalicylic acid Concordance

Transformer2 proteins protect breast cancer cells from accumulating replication stress by ensuring productive splicing of checkpoint kinase 1

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2016年第2期10卷 186-195页

作者： Andrew Best katherine James Gerald Hysenaj Alison Tyson-Capper David J. Elliott Institute of Genetic Medicine Newcastle University Newcastle NE1 3BZ UK Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems Research Group and Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology Newcastle University Newcastle NE1 3BZ UK Institute for Cellular Medicine Newcastle University Newcastle NE2 4HH UK

Increased expression levels of the RNA splicing regulator Transformer2fl （abbreviated Tra2fl） have been reported in several types of cancer. Recent work has revealed an intimate cross-regulation between Tra2fl and the highly similar Tra2a protein in human breast cancer cells, though these two proteins are encoded by separate genes created by a gene duplication that occurred over 500 million years ago. This cross-regulation involves splicing control of a special class of exons, called poison exons. Down-regulation of Tra2fl reduces splicing inclu- sion of a poison exon in the mRNA encoding Tra2a, thereby up-regulating Tra2a protein expression. This buffers any splicing changes that might be caused by individual depletion of Tra2fl alone. Discovery of this cross-regulation pathway, and its by-pass by joint deple- tion of both human Tra2 proteins, revealed Tra2 proteins are essential for breast cancer cell viability, and led to the identification of important targets for splicing control. These exons include a critical exon within the checkpoint kinase 1 （CHK1） gene that plays a crucial function in the protection of cancer cells from replication stress. Breast cancer cells depleted for Tra2 proteins have reduced CHK1 protein levels and accumulate DNA damage. These data suggest Tra2 proteins and/or their splicing targets as possible cancer drug targets.

关键词： RNA splicing gene expression breast cancer,DNA damage CHK1

How do small birds evolve in response to climate change?Data from the long-term record at La Brea tar pits

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第4期15卷 249-261页

作者： katherine L.LONG Donald R.PROTHERO Valerie J.P.SYVERSON Department of Geological Sciences Cal Poly PomonaPomonaCaliforniaUSA Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Los AngelesCaliforniaUSA Department of Geosciences University of Wisconsin MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA

Biology textbooks describe the small changes in the beaks of the Galápagos finches as exemplars of how birds evolve in response to environmental ***,recent studies of the abundant fossil birds at Rancho La Brea find no evidence of evolutionary responses to the dramatic climate changes of the glacial–interglacial cycle over the past 35000 years:none of the large birds exhibit any change in body size or limb proportions,even during the last glacial maximum approximately 18000–20000 years ago,when the southern California chaparral was replaced by snowy coniferous ***,these are all large birds with large ranges and broad habitat preferences,capable of living in many different *** the smaller birds at La Brea,which have smaller home ranges and narrower habitats,might respond to climate more like Galápagos *** only 3 common small birds at La Brea are the western meadowlark,the yellow-billed magpie and the *** this study,we demonstrate that these birds also show complete stasis over the last glacial–interglacial cycle,with no statistically significant changes between dated *** research suggests that the small-scale changes over short timescales seen in the Galápagos finches are merely fluctuations around a stable morphology,and rarely lead to long-term accumulation of changes or ***,the prevalence of stasis supports the view that long-term directional changes in morphology are quite *** directional changes in morphology occur frequently over short(<1 ka)timescales,in the long term such changes only rarely remain stable for long enough to appear in the fossil record.

关键词： birds evolution macroevolution microevolution Pleistocene

Sedentary behavior and physical activity predicting depressive symptoms in adolescents beyond attributes of health-related physical fitness

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第4期7卷 489-496页

作者： gene l.farren tao zhang xiangli gu katherine t.thomas Department of Kinesiology Health Promotionand RecreationUniversity of North TexasDentonTX 76203USA Corresponding author.E-mail address：Gene.Farren@unt.edu

Background： Sedentary behavior （SB）, physical activity （PA）, and attributes of physical fitness have been shown to be related to depressive symptoms in adolescents. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether SB and fitness-producing activity predicted depression in active adolescents over and above gender and fitness attributes. Methods： Participants were 249 adolescents （age： 12.85 ± 0.89 years, mean ± SD） from 3 public middle schools who wore Actical accelerometers to assess their SB and PA. Participants also completed the FITNESSGRAM health-related fitness assessment and a brief depression questionnaire. A 3-step hierarchical regression analysis was conducted with gender and fitness attributes （i.e., body mass index （BMI）, maximal volume oxygen uptake （VO2max）, curlups, and pushups）, moderate- and vigorous-intensity activity, and SB entered in respective steps. Results： Regression analysis indicated activity variables （i.e., moderate- and vigorous-intensity activity） significantly predicted depression （△R^2= 0.12, p 〈 0.01） beyond gender and fitness attributes. Overall, gender, fitness attributes, activity variables, SB explained 31% of the variance in depression. Structure coefficients revealed VO2max （rs= -0.77）, moderate-intensity activity （rs= -0.67）, vigorous-intensity activity （rs = -0.81）, and SB （rs = 0.57） were substantially correlated with the criterion variable; thus, they were the strongest predictors of depression. Conclusion： The findings of the current study indicated SB and PA were both significant predictors of depression; however, sufficient fitness-producing activity and adequate cardiorespiratory fitness may nullify the negative influence of SB on depressive symptoms in active adolescents.2018 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. （http：//***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/）.

关键词： Accelerometers Adolescent health Cardiorespiratory fitness FITNESSGRAM Mental health Moderate-to-vigorous-intensity activity

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The Role of High-sensitivity C-reactive Protein, Interleukin-6 and Cystatin C in Ischemic Stroke Complicating Atrial Fibrillation

作者： Layton katherine S.

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2010年第5期30卷 648-651页

作者：尤玲汪培华吕家高 katherine Cianflone 汪道文赵春霞 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Centre de Recherche Laval Hospital University Laval

This study examined the role of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and cystatin C in ischemic stroke complicating atrial fibrillation (AF) and the relationship of systemic inflammation with this disease in order to identify AF patients who are at high risk of stroke and need optimal anticoagulant therapy.A total of 103 AF patients, simple (n=75) or complicated by ischemic stroke (n=28), and 112 control subjects were ***-6 level was detected by using enzyme linked immunosorbent *** C and hsCRP levels were measured by means of a particle-enhanced immunonephelometric *** results showed that the AF patients had higher levels of hsCRP (P=0.004), IL-6 (P=0.000), and cystatin C (P=0.000) than control *** hsCRP level was increased in the AF patients with ischemic stroke as compared to the patients with simple AF (P=0.036).The AF patients who had the level of hsCRP exceeding 3.83 mg/L were at a higher risk than those with hsCRP level lower than 3.83 mg/L (P=0.030).After adjusting for other factors, cystatin C remained positively associated with IL-6 (r=0.613) and hsCRP (r=0.488).It was concluded that hsCRP is positively correlated with ischemic stroke complicating AF and may be a risk factor independent of other risk factors for *** cystatin C level is also indicative of the increased risk of AF.

关键词： C-reactive protein interleukin-6 cystatin C atrial fibrillation ischemic stroke

Studying developmental neurotoxic effects of bisphenol A(BPA) using embryonic stem cells

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第10期27卷 173-177页

作者： Jinhua Li katherine Z.Fu Sai Vemula X.Chris Le Xing-Fang Li Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyUniversity of Alberta

There is little to no toxicity information regarding thousands of chemicals to which people are exposed *** fact,of the84,000 chemicals listed in the United States Toxic Substances Control Act Inventory,there is limit... 详细信息

关键词： Bisphenol A(BPA) Embryonic stem cells(ESCs) Embryoid bodies(EBs) Environmental toxicology Developmental toxicity Neural ectoderm Neural progenitor cells(NPCs) Neurotoxicity