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*** Part Ⅰ:A Gridded Wet Bulb Temperature Extremes Index Product for Climate Monitoring

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Advances in Atmos.heric sciences 2023年第11期40卷 1952-1967页

作者： kate M.WILLETT Met Office Hadley Centre FitzRoy RoadExeterEX13PBU.K.

*** is an annually updated global gridded monthly monitoring product of wet and dry bulb temperature–based extremes indices,from January 1973 to December *** quality,including spatial and temporal stability,is a key *** hourly data are quality *** is assessed on monthly means and used to score each gridbox according to its homogeneity rather than to apply *** enables user-specific screening for temporal stability and avoids errors from inferring adjustments from monthly means for the daily maximum *** general use,a score(HQ Flag)of 0 to 6 is recommended.A range of indices are presented,aligning with existing standardised ***,provision of both wet and dry bulb indices allows exploration of heat event character—whether it is a“humid and hot”,“dry and hot”or“humid and warm”*** is designed for analysis of long-term trends in regional *** can be used to study local events,but given the greater vulnerability to errors of maximum compared to mean values,cross-validation with independent information is advised.

关键词： wet bulb temperature heat extremes climate monitoring

*** Part Ⅱ:Exploring Humid heat Extremes Using Wet Bulb Temperature Indices

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Advances in Atmos.heric sciences 2023年第11期40卷 1968-1985页

作者： kate M.WILLETT Met Office Hadley Centre FitzRoy RoadExeterEX13PBU.K.

heat events may be humid or *** several indices incorporate humidity,such combined indices obscure identification and exploration of heat events by their different humidity *** new *** global gridded monitoring product uniquely provides a range of wet and dry bulb temperature extremes *** of this new data product demonstrates its value as a tool for quantifying exposure to humid verses dry heat *** also enables exploration into“stealth heat events”,where humidity is high,perhaps enough to affect productivity and health,while temperature remains *** events may not typically be identified as.heat events”by temperature-focused heat *** 1973-2022,the peak magnitude of humid extremes(maximum daily wet bulb temperature over a month;T_(w)X)for the global annual mean increased significantly at 0.13±0.04℃(10 yr)^(−1),which is slightly slower than the global annual mean T_(w) increase of 0.22±0.04℃(10 yr)^(−1).The frequency of moderate humid extreme events per year(90th per-centile daily maxima wet bulb temperature exceedance;T_(w)X90p)also increased significantly at 4.61±1.07 d yr^(−1)(10 yr)^(−1).These rates were slower than for temperature extremes,TX and TX90p,which respectively increased significantly at 0.27±0.04℃(10 yr)^(−1) and 5.53±0.72 d yr^(−1)(10 yr)^(−1).similarly,for the UK/Europe focus region,JJA-mean T_(w)X increased significantly,again at a slower rate than for TX and mean T_(w).*** shows some evidence of“stealth heat events”occurring where humidity is high but temperature remains more moderate.

关键词： wet bulb temperature heat extremes climate monitoring

Dendritic cells in hepatitis C virus infection:Key players in the IFNL3-genotype response

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第47期20卷 17830-17838页

作者： kate s O'Connor Jacob George David Booth Golo Ahlenstiel Institute for Immunology and Allergy Research Westmead Millennium InstituteUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW 2145Australia storr Liver Unit Westmead Millennium Institute and Westmead HospitalUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW 2145Australia

Recently,single nucleotide polymorphisms,in the vicinity of the interferon lambda 3(IFNL3)gene have been identified as the strongest predictor of spontaneous and treatment induced clearance of hepatitis C virus(HCV)*** then,increasing evidence has implicated the innate immune response in mediating the IFNL3 genotype *** cells(DCs)are key to the host immune response in HCV infection and their vital role in the IFNL3 genotype effect is *** have identified subclasses of DCs,particularly myeloid DC2s and potentially plasmacytoid DCs as the major producers of IFNL3 in the setting of HCV *** the complexities of dendritic cell biology and the conflicting current available data,this review aims to summarize what is currently known regarding the role of dendritic cells in HCV infection and to placeit into context of what is know about lambda interferons and dendritic cells in general.

关键词： hepatitis C virus Interferon lambda 3 Dendritic cells Plasmacytoid dendritic cells Myeloid dendritic cells Innate immunity

Tunneling nanotubes and actin cytoskeleton dynamics in glaucoma

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第11期15卷 2031-2032页

作者： kate E.Keller Department of Ophthalmology Department of Chemical Physiology and BiochemistryOregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandORUSA

Glaucoma and the actin cytoskeleton:Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy,with pathophysiological changes affecting anterior and posterior tissues of the *** trabecular meshwork(TM)in the anterior segment regulates intraocular pressure(IOP),while photoreceptors in the posterior retina convert light into signals that retinal ganglion cells(RGC)transmit to the *** TM is a small,fenestrated tissue located in the anterior chamber angle,between the iris and cornea(Figure 1A1).In humans,the majority of aqueous humor fluid drains through the TM into schlemm’s *** the outflow channels become blocked,as in glaucoma,IOP starts to increase,pushing the lens and vitreous back onto the optic ***-induced damage to the optic nerve head causes a progressive loss of RGCs and their axons,which leads to irreversible *** or pharmacological management of IOP prevents RGC damage in glaucoma *** pharmacological therapies either reduce production of aqueous humor fluid,or increase aqueous drainage via the TM or the uveoscleral outflow ***,a new class of glaucoma therapies targeting the actin cytoskeleton were approved by the Food and Drug *** are known as the Rho kinase inhibitors,and they act on the Rho/Rho-associated protein kinase signaling pathway to disassemble actin stress fibers in TM and schlemm’s canal cells(Rao et al.,2017;Lin et al.,2018).While the molecular details are only partially understood,perturbing the actomyosin system can alter cell shape,volume,contractility,and adhesion of cells to extracellular matrix(Tian et al.,2009),which in turn allows greater aqueous outflow and a reduction in *** addition to forming stress fibers,filamentous actin assembles into actin bundles,which are a major component of filopodia,long finger-like projections that emanate from the cell surface,as well as the related cellular protrusions known as tunneling nanotubes(TNTs).

关键词： glaucoma fibers Figure

Could serotonin play a role in abnormal brain outcomes in fetal growth restriction?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第3期18卷 543-544页

作者： kate Beecher Julie A.Wixey UQ Centre for Clinical Research Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandHerstonQLDAustralia

Fetal growth restriction(FGR)describes a fetus that has not grown to its expected biological potential in *** can result from maternal,fetal,or placental complications,though it is commonly caused by placental *** prolonged hypoxic environment the FGR fetus is exposed to has detrimental effects on the newborn,which extends to adverse long-term neurological outcomes in a significant proportion of FGR infants(Malhotra et al.,2019).Unfortunately,there are currently no therapies to reduce the adverse neurological outcomes in *** injury is evident in the FGR brain,and therefore understanding which neurons are lost and how they are lost will aid in the selection of treatment options for FGR.

关键词： fetal fetus insufficiency

Post-operative prevention and monitoring of Crohn’s disease recurrence

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Gastroenterology Report 2022年第1期10卷 217-226页

作者： kate E.Lee sarah Cantrell Bo shen Adam s.Faye Department of Medicine Duke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA Duke University Medical Center Library&Archives Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNCUSA Center for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNYUSA Division of Gastroenterology NYU Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA

Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC)are relapsing and remitting chronic inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal *** surgery for UC can provide a cure,surgery for CD is rarely *** the past few decades,research has identified risk factors for postsurgical CD recurrence,enabling patient risk stratification to guide monitoring and prophylactic treatment to prevent CD recurrence.A MEDLINE literature review identified articles regarding post-operative monitoring of CD recurrence after resection *** this review,we discuss the evidence on risk factors for postoperative CD recurrence as well as suggestions on post-operative management.

关键词： post-operative Crohn’s management recurrence biologics

Re-evaluation of Rostraria bierii Tokioka,1970(Annelida)from seto,Japan as a magelonid,with a review of the Magelonidae of the western Pacific

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Acta Oceanologica sinica 2022年第3期41卷 61-69页

作者： Mortimer kate Mills Kimberley Gil Joao Department of Natural sciences Amgueddfa Cymru-National Museum WalesCathays ParkCardiff CF103NPWalesUK school of Earth and Environmental sciences Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF103ATWalesUK Centre of Marine sciences(CCMAR) University of AlgarveCampus de GambelasFaro 8005-139Portugal

The identity of Rostraria bierii,originally described as a larval amphinomid from Cape setozaki,Pacific coast of Japan,is *** on the original description and illustrations,reinterpretations conclude the“larva”to represent a partial juvenile or adult magelonid specimen,broken after the first *** original figures are compared with several known magelonid species to justify the new *** authors suggest the supposed amphinomid larva is a Magelonidae taxon *** identity of the species is discussed in line with the current knowledge of the Magelonidae in the western Pacific and a key to all known species within the region is provided to aid *** gaps in our taxonomic knowledge of the Magelonidae of the western Pacific are highlighted and discussed.

关键词： Polychaeta Amphinomida Magelonidae Magelona Octomagelona western Pacific identification key Cape setozaki

Primary tuberculous appendicitis presented with caecal perforation:A case report

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第10期5卷 834-836页

作者： Elamurugan TP sivashanker M suresh Kumar s Muthukumarassamy R Vikram kate Department and Institution/Department of surgery Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research(JIPMER)PuducherryIndia

Gastrointestinal tuberculosis accounts for 3%of the extrapulmonary tuberculosis with ileocaecal region being the common site of involvement up to 75%.Primary involvement of appendix is very rare and accounts for only 0.6%to 2.9%of gastrointestinal tuberculosis in the absence tubercular focus *** pre-operative investigations usually give non-specific results. The diagnosis in most instances made only after *** we report a case of primary appendicular tuberculosis in a patient presented with caecal perforation.

关键词： Appendicular tuberculosis Intestinal tuberculosis Caecal peroration TB Abdomen

Research of Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Composite Material Based on Gypsum and straw

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第7期10卷 1859-1873页

作者： Nikola Vavřínová kateřina stejskalová JiříTeslík kateřina Kubenková JiříMajer Faculty of Civil Engineering VSB-Technical University of OstravaOstrava70800Czech Republic

This article is focused on the investigation of the mechanical and thermal properties of composite material that could be used for the production of plaster or *** composite material is made of gypsum and reinforcing natural *** article verifies whether this natural reinforcement can improve the investigated properties compared to conventional plasters and gypsum plasterboards made of pure *** this composite material,high-strength plasterboards could then be produced,which meet the higher demands of users than conventional gypsum *** their production,natural waste materials would be used *** part of the development of new building materials,it is necessary to specify essential characteristics for their later use in civil *** wheat straw and three gypsum classes with strengths G2(2 MPa)—gypsum Class I.,G5(5 MPa)—gypsum Class *** G16(16 MPa)—gypsum Class *** used to create the test *** were made with different ratios of the two ingredients,with the percentages of straw being 0%,2.5%,and 5%for each gypsum *** first part of the article describes how the increasing proportion of straw affects the composite’s mechanical properties(flexural strength and compressive strength).The second part of the article focuses on the change of thermal properties(thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity).The last part of the article mentions the verification of the fire properties(single-flame source fire test and gross.heat of combustion)of this composite *** research has shown that the increasing proportion of straw reinforcement caused a deterioration in the flexural strength(up to 56.49%in the *** of gypsum Class II.)and compressive strength(up to 80.27%in the *** of gypsum Class III.)and an improvement in the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity(up to 31.40%in the ***).This composite material is thus not suitable for the production of high-streng

关键词： Composite material gypsum plasterboard crushed straw flexural strength compressive strength thermal conductivity specific heat capacity ignitability gross.heat of combustion