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Abandonment of croplands: problem or chance for grassland restoration? Case studies from Hungary

Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2016年第2期2卷 1-10页

作者： Orsolya Valkó Balázs Deák Péter török András Kelemen tamás Miglécz katalin tóth Béla tóthmérész Department of Ecology University of DebrecenP.O.Box 71DebrecenH-4010 Hungary MtA-DE Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Research Group Egyetem ter 1DebrecenH-4032 Hungary

In Central-and Eastern Europe,the collapse of socialist regimes resulted in a transformation of state-owned agricultural cooperatives to privately owned lands from the early 1990s *** socioeconomic processes resulted in landscape-scale changes in biodiversity,ecosystem services and agricultural *** parallel,large-scale abandonment of croplands,especially on sandy,salty or fre-quently inundated areas,became *** croplands are usually sensitive to species invasions,and are hotspots of noxious weeds,posing threats both to agriculture and nature *** restoration on former croplands can be an effective strategy for suppressing these ***,a common goal of nature conservation and agriculture can be the restoration of grasslands on former croplands to(1)suppress weed and/or invasive species in line with the EU policy“Good Farming Practices”,(2)support animal husbandry by creating meadows or pastures,and to(3)recover biodiversity and ecosystem *** the present paper we report“best practices”of grassland restoration projects from *** aim was to compare the effectiveness of spontaneous grassland recovery *** grassland restoration by seed sowing in terms of the recovery of biodiversity and ecosystem services,such as weed control and biomass *** results showed that grassland restoration on abandoned fields offers a viable solution for restoring biodiversity and ecosystem *** sowing ensures higher weed control and biomass pro-duction,but results in lower biodiversity compared to spontaneous *** restoration methods can be cost-effective,or even profitable even within a relatively short period of a nature conservation project.

关键词： agri-environmental schemes agri-environmental subsidy agrobiodiversity Central Europe intensive agriculture old-field seed sowing Special Feature:Ecosystem Management in transition in Central and Eastern Europe spontaneous succession.

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Review of Sodic Soil Reclamation with a Snapshot of Current Research Activity

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Chinese Geographical Science 2022年第6期32卷 1099-1109页

作者： tÓth tibor Institute for Soil Sciences Centre for Agricultural ResearchBudapest 1022Hungary

For centuries, reclamation of sodic soils has been an essential part of cropping practices in several parts of the world. Parallel to increasing population, the need for new cropland constantly re-evaluates land suitability concepts. therefore, the importance of sodic soils as potential croplands is increasing worldwide. Although theoretically farmers can choose from a wide variety of reclamation options, according to profitability, business plans, and human and financial resources, in practice, few reclamation methods are applied at large scale. this article touches on the early history, 20th Century intensive research, and current trends of sodic soil reclamation. New approaches such as leaching, chemical amendments, addition of organic material, and biological and microbial improvements are discussed, and also brand-new approaches are reviewed. the early history is reviewed using historical books, the achievements of the last hundred years using basic technical literature, mostly books, and the current approaches of our time with fresh publications, mostly papers and two very recent conferences published in English.

关键词： gypsuming liming chemical reclamation new technology sodic soil

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Continental-scale assessment of provisioning soil functions in Europe

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Ecological Processes 2013年第1期2卷 350-367页

作者： Gergely tóth Ciro Gardi katalin Bódis Éva Ivits Ece Aksoy Arwyn Jones Simon Jeffrey thorum Petursdottir Luca Montanarella Institute for Environment and Sustainability Via Fermi Joint Research Centre Institute for Environment and SustainabilityVia Fermi 2749 TP280Ispra 21027Italy

Introduction:A framework is developed to link major soil functions to ecosystem services *** soil functions—with primary linkages to ecosystem services—are evaluated on a continental scale in ***:We defined major provisioning soil functions combining the approaches proposed by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment and the thematic Strategy for Soil Protection of the European *** productivity was evaluated by three main land use types(cropland,grassland,forest)using a validated expert model called *** include soil,climate and topographic *** material provision capacity of soils was assessed on the basis of(i)organic carbon content and(ii)availability of soil materials for ***:A coherent system of soil function-based ecosystem services was compiled,taking into account major soil *** also produced new data on soil-based provisioning ecosystem services,including productivity and raw material *** attempts to cover the main human activities requiring materials of soil origin and to map the locations where those materials are available on a continental scale provide new insight to this field of ***:Soil-based ecosystem services can be assessed by the evaluation of soil functions which play a role in the production of these *** analysis and comparison of the spatial distribution of the investigated soil functions were *** crop productivity showed a general trend to increase in a northward and westward direction,local soil quality in most regions—except in the Mediterranean—can compensate for climatic handicaps to a great *** of areas with potential for providing ecosystem services by individual soil functions highlights the complexity of decision-making for resource utilization but also the possibilities for optimization and more conscious management.

关键词： Soil ecosystem services Provisioning functions Soil productivity Soil quality Land evaluation

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Drying of suspensions and solutions on inert particle surface in mechanically spouted bed dryer

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China Particuology 2007年第5期5卷 337-344页

作者： Elisabeth Pallai-Varsányi Judit tóth János Gyenis University of Pannonia Faculty of Information TechnologyResearch Institute of Chemical and Process Engineering Egyetem u. 2H-8200 VeszprémHungary Hungarian Academy of Sciences Chemical Research CentreInstitute of Materials and Environmental ChemistryPusztaszeri u. 59-67H-1025 BudapestHungary

to eliminate some disadvantages of the conventional spouted bed dryers the mechanically spouted bed （MSB） system was developed. this dryer type is convenient to use inert particles providing an increased surface area for drying of materials of high-moisture content and heat sensitive materials. On three different drying tasks are demonstrated the experimental optimization of process parameters to obtain products of demanded quality. the main object was at drying of AIO（OH） suspension to preserve the particle size under 2.5μm and to obtain product with a moisture content of about 0.05 kg/kg （d.b.）. For this reason a very thin particle coating and intensive abrasion had to be assured. At drying of tomato concentrates the thermoplasticity makes the process very difficult. to jump over the deliquescent and sticky state developed at the critical temperature-moisture content values a very short drying time （8-10 s） must be provided. the third task was to form powder-like product from bovine serum albumin （BSA） solution having very low solid content （2-4%）. the selected process parameters given in this paper resulted in a mean particle size of less than 20 μm while the soluble oreserved orotein content was higher than 90%.

关键词： Mechanically spouted bed Film-like drying Inert particles Heat sensitive material

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Using mixed integer programming and airborne laser scanning to generate forest management units

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第1期33卷 217-226页

作者： Adrián Pascual Sándor Ftóth Forest Research Centre School of AgricultureUniversity of LisbonTapada da Ajuda1349-017 LisboaPortugal School of Forest Sciences University of Eastern FinlandP.O.Box 11180101 JoensuuFinland School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA

Airborne laser scanning(ALS)has been widely applied to estimate tree and forest attributes,but it can also drive the segmentation of forest *** algorithms are the dominant technique in segmentation but spatial optimization using exact methods remains *** study presents a novel approach to segmentation based on mixed integer programming to create forest management units(FMUs).this investigation focuses on using raster information derived from ALS *** mainstream clustering algorithms were compared to the new MIP formula that simultaneously accounts for area and adjacency restrictions,FMUs size and homogeneity in terms of vegetation *** optimal problem solution was found when using less than 150 cells,showing the problem formulation is *** results for MIP were better than for the clustering algorithms;FMUs were more compact based on the intravariation of canopy height and the variability in size was *** MIP model allows the user to strictly control the size of FMUs,which is not possible in heuristic optimization and in the clustering algorithms *** definition of forest management units based on remote sensing data is an important operation and our study pioneers the use of MIP ALS-based optimal segmentation.

关键词： Segmentation Precision forestry Optimization Mathematical programming Airborne laser scanning

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Lattice BGK Simulation of Multipolar Vortex Formation

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2010年第5期2卷 533-544页

作者： Gábor Házi Gábor tóth theoretical thermohydraulics Group MTA KFKI Atomic Energy Research InstituteH-1525Konkoly Th29-33BudapestHungary Department of Physics and Chemistry Széchényi István UniversityH-9026Egyetem Tér 1GyörHungary

Analytical and numerical studies have shown that multipolar vortices can emerge in two-dimensional flow due to azimuthal normal mode perturbations of shielded *** has been found that mode 2 and 3 perturbations can lead to the formation of stable tripoles and quadrapoles,respectively,while higher order modes result in more complex unstable compound *** have used the lattice Boltzmann method to simulate the effect of azimuthal perturbations on shielded vortices at moderate Reynolds *** have found that azimuthal normal mode perturbations result in the formation of multipoles,which decay due to viscous *** could also observe that the outcome of such simulations is very sensitive to the displacement of perturbations above wavenumber-3 excitations,in spite of the significant viscosity we used.

关键词： Lattice Boltzmann method shielded vortex stability

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Determination of Surface Precipitation type Based on the Data Fusion Approach

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第3期38卷 387-399页

作者： Marek PÓŁROLNICZAK Leszek KOLENDOWICZ Bartosz CZERNECKI Mateusz tASZAREK Gabriella tÓth Department of Meteorology and Climatology Institute of Physical Geography and Environmental PlanningAdam Mickiewicz University61-680 PoznańPoland Department of Weather Forecasting and Climatology Hungarian Meteorological ServiceH-1024 BudapestHungary

Hazardous events related to atmospheric precipitation depend not only on the intensity of surface precipitation,but also on its *** related to determination of the precipitation type(Pt)leads to financial losses in many areas of human activity,such as the power industry,agriculture,transportation,and many *** this study,we use machine learning(ML)algorithms with the data fusion approach to more accurately determine surface *** on surface synoptic observations,ERA5 reanalysis,and radar data,we distinguish between liquid,mixed,and solid precipitation *** study domain considers the entire area of Poland and a period from 2015 to *** purpose of this work is to address the question:“How can ML techniques applied in observational and NWP data help to improve the recognition of the surface Pt?”Despite testing 33 parameters,it was found that a combination of the near-surface air temperature and the depth of the warm layer in the 0-1000 m above ground level(AGL)layer contains most of the signal needed to determine surface *** accrued probability of detection for liquid,solid,and mixed Pts according to the developed Random Forest model is 98.0%,98.8%,and 67.3%,*** application of the ML technique and data fusion approach allows to significantly improve the robustness of Pt prediction compared to commonly used baseline models and provides promising results for operational forecasters.

关键词： precipitation type forecast data fusion Random Forest ERA5 Poland

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Clinical significance of lymphadenectomy in patients with gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第2期8卷 136-146页

作者： dezso tóth jános plósz miklós torok department of general surgery kenézy teaching hospital4043 DebrecenHungary department of internal medicine kenézy teaching hospital4043 Debrecen Hungary department of pathology kenézy teaching hospital4043 Debrecen Hungary

Approximately thirty percent of patients with gastric cancer undergo an avoidable lymph node dissection with a higher rate of postoperative complication. Comparing the D1 and D2 dissections,it was found that there is a significant difference in morbidity,favoured D1 dissection without any difference in overall survival. Subgroup analysis of patients with t3 tumor shows a survival difference favoring D2 lymphadenectomy,and there is a better gastric cancer-related death and non-statistically significant improvement of survival for node-positive disease in patients with D2 dissection. However,the extended lymphadenectomy could improve stage-specific survival owing to the stage migration phenomenon. the deployment of centralization and application of national guidelines could improve the surgical outcomes. the Japanese and European guidelines enclose the D2 lymphadenectomy as the gold standard in R0 resection. In the individualized,stageadapted gastric cancer surgery the Maruyama computer program(MCP) can estimate lymph node involvement preoperatively with high accuracy and in addition the Maruyama Index less than 5 has a better impact on survival,than D-level guided surgery. For these reasons,the preoperative application of MCP is recommended routinely,with an aim to perform "low Maruyama Index surgery". the sentinel lymph node biopsy(SNB) may decrease the number of redundant lymphadenectomy intraoperatively with a high detection rate(93.7%) and an accuracy of 92%. More accurate stage-adapted surgery could be performed using the MCP and SNB in parallel fashion in gastric cancer.

关键词： Gastric cancer Surgery Lymphadenectomy Sentinel node biopsy Maruyama computer program

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Information schema constructs for defining warehouse databases of genotypes and phenotypes of system manifestation features

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Frontiers of Information technology & Electronic Engineering 2016年第9期17卷 862-884页

作者： Shahab POURtALEBI Imre HORVáth Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering Delft University of Technology

Our long-term objective is to develop a software toolbox for pre-embodiment design of complex and heterogeneous systems, such as cyber-physical systems. the novelty of this toolbox is that it uses system manifestation features(SMFs) for transdisciplinary modeling of these systems. the main challenges of implementation of the toolbox are functional design- and language-independent computational realization of the warehouses, and systematic development and management of the various evolving implements of SMFs(genotypes, phenotypes, and instances). therefore, an information schema construct(ISC) based approach is proposed to create the schemata of the associated warehouse databases and the above-mentioned SMF implements. ISCs logically arrange the data contents of SMFs in a set of relational tables of varying semantics. In this article we present the ISCs necessary for creation of genotypes and phenotypes. they increase the efficiency of the database development process and make the data relationships transparent. Our follow-up research focuses on the elaboration of the SMF instances based system modeling methodology.

关键词： Cyber-physical systems Software toolbox Pre-embodiment design System manifestation features(SMFs) Warehouses Database schemata SMF genotypes SMF phenotypes SMF instances Information schema constructs

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NORMALLY DIStRIBUtED PROBABILItY MEASURE ON thE MEtRIC SPACE OF NORMS

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2013年第5期33卷 1231-1242页

作者： Á.G.HORVÁth Department of Geometry Mathematical Institute Budapest University of Technology and Economics

In this paper we propose a method to construct probability measures on the space of convex bodies. For this purpose, first, we introduce the notion of thinness of a body. then we show the existence of a measure with the property that its pushforward by the thinness function is a probability measure of truncated normal distribution. Finally, we improve this method to find a measure satisfying some important properties in geometric measure theory.

关键词： Hausdorff metric Borel Dirac Haar and Lebesgue-measure space of convex bodies metric space of norms

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