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SARS-CoV-2 and innate immunity:the good,the bad,and the"goldilocks"

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第2期21卷 171-183页

作者： Benjamin L.Sievers Mark T.K.Cheng kata Csiba Bo Meng Ravindra K.Gupta Department of Medicine University of CambridgeCambridgeUK Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology&Infectious Disease(CITID) Department of MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUk

An ancient conflict between hosts and pathogens has driven the innate and adaptive arms of immunity.Knowledge about this interplay can not only help us identify biological mechanisms but also reveal pathogen vulnerabilities that can be leveraged therapeutically.The humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 infection has been the focus of intense research,and the role of the innate immune system has received significantly less attention.Here,we review current knowledge of the innate immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the various means SARS-CoV-2 employs to evade innate defense systems.We also consider the role of innate immunity in SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and in the phenomenon of long COVID.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Innate immune response Interferon Cytokines Inflammation Antiviral targets

Long-term outcomes after endoscopic removal of malignant colorectal polyps:Results from a 10-year cohort

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第4期16卷 193-205页

作者： Anna Fábián Renáta Bor Béla Vasas Mónika Szűcs Tibor Tóth Zsófia Bősze kata Judit Szántó Péter Bacsur Anita Bálint Bernadett Farkas Klaudia Farkas Ágnes Milassin Mariann Rutka Tamás Resál Tamás Molnár Zoltán Szepes Department of Internal Medicine University of SzegedSzent-Györgyi Albert Medical SchoolSzeged 6725Hungary Department of Pathology University of SzegedSzent-Györgyi Albert Medical SchoolSzeged 6725Hungary Department of Medical Physics and Medical Informatics University of SzegedSzent-Györgyi Albert Medical SchoolSzeged 6720Hungary USZ Translational Colorectal Research Group Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular MedicineSzeged 6725Hungary

BACKGROUND Choosing an optimal post-polypectomy management strategy of malignant colorectal polyps is challenging,and evidence regarding a surveillance-only strategy is limited.AIM To evaluate long-term outcomes after endoscopic removal of malignant colorectal polyps.METHODS A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate outcomes after endoscopic removal of malignant colorectal polyps between 2010 and 2020.Residual disease rate and nodal metastases after secondary surgery and local and distant recurrence rate for those with at least 1 year of follow-up were invest-igated.Event rates for categorical variables and means for continuous variables with 95%confidence intervals were calculated,and Fisher’s exact test and Mann-Whitney test were performed.Potential risk factors of adverse outcomes were RESULTS In total,135 lesions(mean size:22.1 mm;location:42%rectal)from 129 patients(mean age:67.7 years;56%male)were enrolled.The proportion of pedunculated and non-pedunculated lesions was similar,with en bloc resection in 82%and 47%of lesions,respectively.Tumor differentiation,distance from resection margins,depth of submucosal invasion,lymphovascular invasion,and budding were reported at 89.6%,45.2%,58.5%,31.9%,and 25.2%,respectively.Residual tumor was found in 10 patients,and nodal metastasis was found in 4 of 41 patients who underwent secondary surgical resection.Univariate analysis identified piecemeal resection as a risk factor for residual malignancy(odds ratio:1.74;P=0.042).At least 1 year of follow-up was available for 117 lesions from 111 patients(mean follow-up period:5.59 years).Overall,54%,30%,30%,11%,and 16%of patients presented at the 1-year,3-year,5-year,7-year,and 9-10-year surveillance examinations.Adverse outcomes occurred in 9.0%(local recurrence and dissemination in 4 patients and 9 patients,respectively),with no difference between patients undergoing secondary surgery and surveillance only.CONCLUSION Reporting of histological features and adherence to surveillance colonoscopy nee

关键词： Malignant colorectal polyps T1 tumor Endoscopic removal Outcomes Long-term Surveillance

Lesion-induced changes of brevican expression in the perineuronal net of the superior vestibular nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第3期17卷 649-654页

作者： Agnes Magyar Eva Racz Clara Matesz Ervin Wolf Peter kiss Botond Gaal Pediatrics Clinic Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Division of Oral Anatomy Faculty of DentistryUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary MTA-DE Neuroscience Research Group DebrecenHungary

Damage to the vestibular sense organs evokes static and dynamic deficits in the eye movements,posture and vegetative functions.After a shorter or longer period of time,the vestibular function is partially or completely restored via a series of processes such as modification in the efficacy of synaptic inputs.As the plasticity of adult central nervous system is associated with the alteration of extracellular matrix,including its condensed form,the perineuronal net,we studied the changes of brevican expression in the perineuronal nets of the superior vestibular nucleus after unilateral labyrinth lesion.Our results demonstrated that the unilateral labyrinth lesion and subsequent compensation are accompanied by the changing of brevican staining pattern in the perineuronal nets of superior vestibular nucleus of the rat.The reduction of brevican in the perineuronal nets of superior vestibular nucleus may contribute to the vestibular plasticity by suspending the non-permissive role of brevican in the restoration of perineuronal net assembly.After a transitory decrease,the brevican expression restored to the control level parallel to the partial restoration of impaired vestibular function.The bilateral changing in the brevican expression supports the involvement of commissural vestibular fibers in the vestibular compensation.All experimental procedures were approved by the 'University of Debrecen–Committee of Animal Welfare'(approval No.6/2017/DEMAB) and the 'Scientific Ethics Committee of Animal Experimentation'(approval No.HB/06/éLB/2270-10/2017;approved on June 6,2017).

关键词： brainstem brevican chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan extracellular matrix labyrinth lesion neural plasticity perineuronal net perisynaptic matrix vestibular compensation vestibular system

Recent advances on the synthesis and application of tetrahydro-γ-carbolines

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第12期34卷 119-136页

作者： Haibo Mei Klára Aradi Loránd kiss Jianlin Han Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources Nanjing Forestry University Institute of Organic Chemistry Research Centre for Natural Sciences Stereochemistry Research Group

Tetrahydro-γ-carbolines(THγ Cs) constitute one of the most important subtypes of indole alkaloids. In addition to being substructures of natural products, these structural motifs and moieties can often be found in pharmaceuticals due to their diverse bioactivities such as antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal,antiparasitic, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and neuropharmacological activities. Beyond the pharmacological and biological aspects of these scaffolds, they have considerable synthetic applications for the construction of further bioactive compounds, too. The aim of this review is to summarize recent developments in the synthesis of this compound class.

关键词： Asymmetric synthesis Bioactive molecuels Indole Polycyclic compounds Synthetic methods Tetrahydro-γ-carbolines

Novel eco-efficient reactive distillation process for dimethyl carbonate production by indirect alcoholysis of urea

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022年第2期16卷 316-331页

作者： Iulian Patrașcu Costin S.Bîldea Anton A.kiss Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering University“Politehnica”of Bucharest011061 BucharestRomania Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science The University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK

Dimethyl carbonate is an eco-friendly essential chemical that can be sustainably produced from CO_(2),which is available from carbon capture activities or can even be captured from the air.The rapid increase in dimethyl carbonate demand is driven by the fast growth of polycarbonates,solvent,pharmaceutical,and lithium-ion battery industries.Dimethyl carbonate can be produced from CO_(2)through various chemical pathways,but the most convenient route reported is the indirect alcoholysis of urea.Previous research used techniques such as heat integration and reactive distillation to reduce the energy use and costs,but the use of an excess of methanol in the trans-esterification step led to an energy intensive extractive distillation required to break the dimethyl carbonate-methanol azeotrope.This work shows that the production of dimethyl carbonate by indirect alcoholysis of urea can be improved by using an excess of propylene carbonate(instead of an excess of methanol),a neat feat that we showed it requires only 2.64 kW·h·kg^(-1) dimethyl carbonate in a reaction-separation-recycle process,and a reactive distillation column that effectively replaces two conventional distillation columns and the reactor for dimethyl carbonate synthesis.Therefore,less equipment is required,the methanol-dimethyl carbonate azeotrope does not need to be recycled,and the overall savings are higher.Moreover,we propose the use of a reactive distillation column in a heat integrated process to obtain high purity dimethyl carbonate(>99.8 wt-%).The energy requirement is reduced by heat integration to just 1.25 kW·h·kg^(-1) dimethyl carbonate,which is about 52%lower than the reaction-separation-recycle process.To benefit from the energy savings,the dynamics and control of the process are provided for10%changes in the nominal rate of 32 ktpy dimethyl carbonate,and for uncertainties in reaction kinetics.

关键词： dimethyl carbonate reactive distillation process design plantwide control

On the relationship between the activity at point of interests and road traffic

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Communications in Transportation Research 2023年第1期3卷 150-160页

作者： MátéKolat Tamás Tettamanti TamásBécsi Domokos Esztergár-kiss Department of Control for Transportation and Vehicle Systems Faculty of Transportation Eng.and Vehicle Eng.Budapest University of Technology and EconomicsBudapest1111PestHungary Systems and Control Laboratory Institute for Computer Science and Control of the Eötvös Lorand Research NetworkBudapest1053PestHungary Department of Transport Technology and Economics Faculty of Transportation Eng.and Vehicle Eng.Budapest University of Technology and EconomicsBudapest1111PestHungary

The estimation and analysis of road traffic represent the preliminary steps towards satisfying the current needs for smooth,safe,and green transportation.Therefore,effective traffic monitoring is an essential topic alongside the planning of sustainable transportation systems and the development of new traffic management concepts.In contrast to classical traffic detection solutions,this study investigates the correlation between travelers'social activities and road traffic.The s's primary goal is to investigate the presence of the relationship between social activity and road traffic,which might allow an infrastructure-independent traffic monitoring technique as well.People's general activities at Point of Interest(POI)locations(measured as occupancy parameter)are correlated with traffic data so that,finally,proper proxys can be defined for link-level average traffic speed estimation.The method is tested and evaluated using real-world traffic and POI occupancy data from Budapest(District XI.).The results of the correlation investigation justify an indirect relationship between activity at POIs and road traffic,which holds promise for future practical applicability.

关键词： Road traffic estimation Google popular times(GPT) Point of interest(POI) POI occupancy Genetic algorithm(GA)

Thermal properties of AlN polycrystals obtained by pulse plasma sintering method

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2013年第2期2卷 180-184页

作者： PawełJ.RUTKOWSKI Dariusz kata Department of Ceramics and Refractories Faculty of Materials Science and CeramicsAGH University of Science and Technologyal.Mickiewicza 3030-059 KrakowPoland

Aluminum nitride(AlN)polycrystals were prepared by pulse plasma sintering(PPS)technique.The starting AlN powder mixtures were composed with 3.0 wt%,5.0 wt%and 10 wt%of yttrium oxide(Y_(2)O_(3)),respectively.Relative density of each polycrystal was measured by hydrostatic method and evaluated higher than 97%.X-ray diffraction(XRD)method was used for phase examination of the samples after heat treatment.Microstructure examination supported by computer-aided analysis was performed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS).The results were correlated with thermal conductivity of the samples carried out by laser pulse method(LFA).The influence of the rapid sintering technique and yttrium oxide additive content on the thermal conductivity and microstructure appearance of AlN polycrystals was clearly shown.

关键词： aluminum nitride(AlN) thermal conductivity microstructure thermal diffusivity specific heat

Dissociative Chemisorption of an H2（v,j） Molecule on Rigid Ni （100） Surface： Dependence on Surface Topologies and Initial Rovibrational States of the Molecules

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Chinese Physics Letters 2005年第2期22卷 420-423页

作者： MeryemEvecen MustafaBǒyǚkata MehmetCivi ZiyaB.Gǚvenc DepartmentofPhysics GaziUniversity06500AnkaraTurkey DepartmentofPhysics ErciyesUniversity66100YozgatTurkey DepartmentofElectronicandCommunicationEngineering CankayaUniversity06530AnkaraTurkey

The H2(v,j)+Ni(100) collision system has been studied to understand the effects of the surface sites and initial rovibrational states of the molecule on molecule-surface interactions, by a quasiclassical molecular dynamic simulation method. Dissociative adsorption of an H2 molecule on the rigid Ni(100) surface is investigated at topologically different three sites of the surface. Interaction between the molecule and Ni surface was described by a London–Eyring–Polani–Sato (LEPS) potential. Dissociative chemisorption probabilities of the H2(v,j) molecule on various sites of the surface are presented as a function of the translation energies between 0.001–1.0eV. The probabilities obtained at each collision site have unique behaviour. At lower collision energies, indirect processes enhance the reactivity, effects of the rotational excitations and impact sites on the reactivity are more pronounced. The results are compared with the available studies. The physical mechanisms underlying the results and quantum effects are discussed.

关键词：氢气分子游离化学吸收镍表面拓扑转振状态

Is the disease course predictable in inflammatory bowel diseases?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第21期16卷 2591-2599页

作者： Peter Laszlo Lakatos Lajos S kiss 1st Department of Medicine Semmelweis UniversityH-1083 BudapestKoranyi S 2AHungary

During the course of the disease,most patients with Crohn's disease(CD) may eventually develop a stricturing or a perforating complication,and a significant number of patients with both CD and ulcerative colitis will undergo surgery.In recent years,research has focused on the determination of factors important in the prediction of disease course in inflammatory bowel diseases to improve stratification of patients,identify individual patient profiles,including clinical,laboratory and molecular markers,which hopefully will allow physicians to choose the most appropriate management in terms of therapy and intensity of follow-up.This review summarizes the available evidence on clinical,endoscopic variables and biomarkers in the prediction of short and long-term outcome in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Disease course Predictive markers Clinical Serology Genetics