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Thought Processes of Nurses in Nursing Assessment: Analysis of Nursing Problems and Patient Strengths, Patient Information

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Open Journal of Nursing 2014年第13期4卷 991-1003页

作者： kasumi mikami Ryoko Tsuchiya Keiko Aizu Yoshiko Nishizawa Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences Hirosaki Japan Hirosaki University School of Medicine & Hospital Hirosaki Japan

Aims: The purpose of this study was to clarify the thought processes of nurses in performing nursing assessment. Methods: The participants comprised 20 nurses working in a surgery ward. Patient information on a case, including presenting illness, vital signs, and other findings from admission until 09:00 on the day after surgery, was shown to the participants. After reading the case report, the nurses presented their assessments. Based on these assessments, nursing problems, patient strengths, and patient information were identified. Nursing problems and patient strengths were described by various words and sentences, and were classified according to similar content. Results: The number of nursing problems ranged from 1 to 8 and patient strengths from 0 to 6 for each nurse. The mean number of nursing problems was 4.7 ± 1.8, and the mean number of patient strengths was 2.2 ± 1.4. The main nursing problems were respiratory complications, postoperative wound pain, and anxiety, and the main patient strength was family cooperation. Patient information as evidence of respiratory complications included history of smoking, chest radiography results, postoperative vital signs, sputum color and properties. Patient information as evidence of postoperative wound pain included complaints of pain, epidural anesthesia, use of patient-controlled anesthesia and its effect. Patient information indicating family cooperation included family structure, preoperative visits by family, and presence of family while providing informed consent. Significant differences were seen in the number of nursing problems and patient strengths according to cognitive style. Conclusions: Postoperative complications were the nursing problems most commonly extracted by nurses. To clarify nursing problems and patient strengths, the nurses made assessments on the basis of information such as patient complaints, vital signs, and test results. However, extracted nursing problems and patient strengths were diver

关键词： Nursing Assessment Thought Process Patients Nursing Problems Patient Strength

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Stress Coping and Issues among Evacuees Four Years after the Nuclear Disaster in Fukushima: An Interview Study

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Open Journal of Nursing 2018年第3期8卷 210-220页

作者： Toshiko Tomisawa Yuki Kimura Maiko Kitajima kasumi mikami Department of Nursing Science Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences Hirosaki Japan Tokai University Medical Hospital Kanagawa Japan

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to clarify issues related to the evacuation process, including stress coping, psychological conditions, and health problems, through interviews with long-term evacuees 4 years after the Great East Japan earthquake and nuclear disaster. Methods: Group interviews focusing on stress and health conditions were conducted with eight older adults at a meeting space in Y city in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, in May 2015. Two months later, based on the results of the first group interview, four (two men, two women, age range, 60 - 70 years) of those eight individuals participated in 60-min individual semi-structured interviews and were assessed according to the Tri-axial Coping Scale revised for the elderly. The interviewees were asked about their anxiety and hardships, escape routes, and other points of importance. Results: Stress coping scores were higher for males than for females, especially that for “Catharsis”. The “Giving up” score was higher among these participants than the general population. In the interviews, the participants described how evacuees from “Q” area were experiencing high levels of stress because of problems communicating with their neighborhoods and receiving compensation from the government and Tokyo Electric Power Company. Conclusion: Evacuees experienced hardships immediately after the earthquake, including issues related to compensation from the government and communication with their neighborhoods. Men showed higher scores for “Avoidance-like thinking” and “Giving up” than for other factors related to stress coping, suggesting that they might not use “Catharsis” as a means of coping with stress. The results also suggested that men experienced repeatedly that alone, they made little headway or could not do something. The present study suggests the importance of providing support to long-term evacuees so that original residents can better understand their situation.

关键词： Stress Coping Nuclear Disaster Earthquake Evacuation

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Patients with disturbances in consciousness as observed by clinical nurses: Analysis of nursing records

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Open Journal of Nursing 2013年第7期3卷 467-471页

作者： Ryoko Tsuchiya kasumi mikami Keiko Aidu Yoshiko Nishizawa Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health sciences Aomori Japan Hirosaki University School of Medicine & Hospital Aomori Japan

The objective of the present study was to discuss patients with disturbances in consciousness by analyzing nursing records. Observations from clinical nurses as well as patients’ responses about their care were selected from nursing records. Nursing records from one week of patient care were examined for patients who were unable to speak during hospitalization within a neuro-surgery ward of the hospital. Selected records were classified into the following eight categories: results from monitoring;results from observation;opening and moving the eyes to stimulus;movement of the limbs to stimulus;vocalization to stimulus;facial expression to stimulus;patient’s response to care;and miscellaneous. Patients comprised two groups. One group encompassed eight patients with Japan Coma Scale (JCS) II and the other was a group of eight patients with JCS III. When nurses use the JCS to assess patients with disturbances in consciousness, patients who awaken to stimulus are classified as JCS II, while those who do not are JCS III. The total nursing records selected for JCS II were 1551 and 1160 for JCS III. The category of “results from monitoring” was the most selected category within nursing records and accounted for 42.8% of the JCS III group, while “results from observation” accounted for 38.4% of the JCS II group. Furthermore, results indicated that the categories of “results from monitoring”, “results from observation”, and “movement of the limbs for stimulus” had peaked after two to three days, and then abruptly decreased. There were only a few records for the categories of “vocalization to stimulus” and “facial expression to stimulus”, both for the JCS II and the JCS III groups. Even though patients could not verbally indicate their intentions due to problems with consciousness, it is essential for nurses to pay careful attention to the details of patients’ reactions.

关键词： Patients Disturbances in Consciousness Nurses Observation Nursing Records

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Educational Method for Developing Assessment Skills of Nursing Students

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Open Journal of Nursing 2018年第8期8卷 518-530页

作者： Keiko Aizu kasumi mikami Ryoko Tsuchiya Mayumi Shimizu Naoki Oka Yoshiko Nishizawa Graduate School of Health Sciences Hirosaki University Aomori Japan School of Medicine & Hospital Hirosaki University Aomori Japan Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine Hirosaki University Aomori Japan Faculty of Human Life Sciences Tokushima Bunri University Tokushima Japan

This study aimed to verify the effects of a new instructional method to structure knowledge. The research hypothesis was that “Structured knowledge improves assessment skills of students”. Fifty-five second-year undergraduate students volunteered to participate in this study. They were randomized into either a group that received instructional intervention (n = 19;intervention) or a group that did not (n = 36;non-intervention). A survey and instructional intervention comprised pre-tests, individual instructional intervention, participant self-studies and post-tests. The students attempted one pre- and one post-test task, each comprising concept map drawing and assessment of actual patients with diabetes. Participants who received educational intervention described concept maps regarding the pathophysiology and nursing of diseases, and we taught a learning strategy to understand relationships between concepts and the assumption of clinical assessment. The results of the concept map drawing task showed that post-test structural knowledge scores were significantly higher for the intervention, than the non-intervention group (p p p < 0.01). The educational intervention in this study seemed to augment the ability to identify nursing problems, although we did not teach assessment strategies. The intervention seemed to confer structured knowledge with explicit conditions for applicability. Structured knowledge with explicit conditions and learning how to use knowledge to assess patients before a clinical practicum seemed to augment assessment skills.

关键词： Concept Map Structural Knowledge Cognitive Psychology Learning

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The Relationship between Assessment Skills and Nursing Knowledge

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Open Journal of Nursing 2015年第12期5卷 1072-1081页

作者： Keiko Aizu kasumi mikami Ryoko Tsuchiya Mayumi Shimizu Nanae Kojima Naoki Oka Yoshiko Nishizawa School of Health Sciences Hirosaki University Aomori Japan School of Medicine & Hospital Hirosaki University Aomori Japan Health Service Center Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan School of Education Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan

This research aimed to clarify the relationship between nursing students’ levels of structural knowledge and assessment skills. Participants were 17 third-year university students majoring in nursing who participated individually in the experiments. The experiments included a nursing-scene task, free-recall task, and sorting task. Experiments were conducted before and after their clinical practice. Each student’s level of structural knowledge was calculated from the free-recall and sorting task responses, and each student’s assessment skill was calculated from the nursing-scene task responses. Levels of structural knowledge were significantly higher in post-examination compared with pre-examination (p p n = 5) had significantly higher scores for their conclusions and reasons than the low-structured group (n = 5) (p p < 0.10). Well-structured knowledge of students in the high-structured group seemed to enable them to acquire and activate highly related information during assessment. Students in the high-structured group apparently made assessments not only by using information given but also by over viewing information comprehensively.

关键词： Structural Knowledge Assessment Clinical Practice Cognitive Psychology

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The Characteristic of Nurses’ Eye Movements during Observation of Patients with Disturbed Consciousness

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Open Journal of Nursing 2017年第12期7卷 1502-1514页

作者： Ryoko Tsuchiya Mayumi Shimizu kasumi mikami Keiko Aizu Yuichi Hirakawa Sonoko Takase Yoshiko Nishizawa Hirosaki University Hospital Hirosaki University Hirosaki Japan Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine Hirosaki University Hirosaki Japan Graduate School of Health Sciences Hirosaki University Hirosaki Japan Doctoral Program Graduate School of Health Sciences Hirosaki University Hirosaki Japan

Objective: The objective of this study was to clarify the characteristics of nurses’ eye movements during observation of patients with disturbed consciousness by comparing intuition ability, critical thinking, and clinical experience years. Methods: Participants were 19 nurses working on a neurosurgery ward in Japan and caring for patients with consciousness disturbance who were unable to speak. Ten novice nurses (24.8 ± 3.36 years old) and nine expert nurses (38.3 ± 5.77 years old) were compared. The observation scene, displayed on a computer screen, was a static image of a simulated patient in a resting state who had developed right putaminal hemorrhage. We showed the participants an information sheet about the simulated patient then used an eye tracking camera to analyze gaze points, gaze time, and gaze count during observation. The Kuroda Intrinsic Intuitive Ability Scale (KIIS) created by Kawahara and the Critical Thinking Disposition Scale created by Hirayama were used for measuring intrinsic intuition ability and critical thinking disposition. Results: There were no significant differences between observation time of novices (5.0 ± 2.01 minutes) and experts (5.4 ± 1.78 minutes), nor between their total gaze time and total count. The proportion of gazing at the monitor by novice nurses and gazing at the face and bed fences by expert nurses tended to be high. The KIIS general education score influenced the gaze time and gaze count during simulated patient observation. The KIIS logical thinking score affected the gaze count to the simulated patient’s face. Conclusion: There was no significant difference between the total gaze time and the total count of novices and experts. The KIIS score affected the gaze during observation of the simulated patient.

关键词： Nursing Observation Eye Movement Critical Thinking Patient with Disturbed Consciousness

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Single Oral Administration of Anthocyanin Rescues Smoking-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction in Young Smokers but Facilitates Oxidative Stress in Non-Smokers

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2018年第3期9卷 179-190页

作者： Akane Yoshizaki Toshiko Tomisawa Tomohiro Osanai Naoki Nanashima Maiko Kitajima kasumi mikami Toshifumi Fujita Hayato Maeda Yoji Kato Hirosaki University Medical Hospital Hirosaki Japan Department of Nursing Science Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences Hirosaki Japan Department of Biomedical Sciences Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences Hirosaki Japan Department of Disability and Health Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences Hirosaki Japan Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science Hirosaki University Hirosaki Japan Faculty of Education Hirosaki University Hirosaki Japan

Objectives: Smoking causes endothelial dysfunction, but it still remains unclear whether oral administration of anthocyanin brings benefits to endothelial function and redox states in young healthy smokers. We tested the hypothesis that supplement anthocyanin may rescue endothelial dysfunction and redox states in young healthy smokers. Methods: Young healthy male non-smoker (n = 8) and smokers (n = 14) were enrolled to measure the derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) and biological antioxidant potential (BAP) levels and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) before and 2 hours after one cigarette smoking or resting under administration of blackcurrant supplements (anthocyanins 210 mg) or not. Results: FMD, d-ROMs, and BAP at baseline were similar between non-smokers and smokers. One cigarette smoking induced a decrease in FMD at 2 hours (9.0% ± 2.6% vs 7.5% ± 2.3%, p Conclusions: Single oral administration of anthocyanin rescued smoking-induced endothelial dysfunction in young healthy smokers, but facilitated oxidative stress in non-smokers. When anthocyanin is taken as supplements, it seems important to pay attention to the dose and timing of administration.

关键词： Blackcurrant Anthocyanin Young Health Smoker Oxidative Stress Antioxidants

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Upregulation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor and calgizzarin by androgen in TM4 mouse Sertoli cells

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2006年第5期8卷 549-554页

作者： Hiroyuki kasumi Shinji Komori KazukoSakata NaokoYamamoto TomohikoYamasaki YonehiroKanemura Koji Koyama Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hyogo College of MedicineNishinomiya 663-8501Japan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hyogo College of MedicineNishinomiya 663-8501Japan Laboratory of Developmental Biology and ReproductionInstitutefor Advanced Medical SciencesHyogo College of MedicineNishinomiya 663-8501Japan Tissue Engineering Research Center National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyAmagasaki 661-0974Japan

Aim： To identify proteins induced by androgen in Sertoli cells during spermatogenesis. Methods： We analyzed protein profiles in TM4 Sertoli cells treated with dihydrotestosterone （DHT） using surface enhanced laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry （SELDI-TOF-MS）. Results： We found increases in the expression of a 5.0-kDa protein at 15 min, an 11.3-kDa protein at 24 h and 4.3 kDa, 5.7 kDa, 5.8 kDa, 9.95 kDa and 9.98 kDa proteins at 48 h after the treatment. In contrast, the expression of 6.3 kDa and 8.6 kDa proteins decreased at 30 min, and 4.9 kDa, 5.0 kDa, 12.4 kDa and 19.8 kDa proteins at 48 h after the treatment. The ll.3-kDa protein was identified as macrophage migration inhibitory factor （MIF） known to having various functions. The 9.98-kDa protein was identified as calgizzarin related to calcium channels. The timing of their expression suggests that MIF and calgizzarin are involved in late regulation of spermatogenesis in Sertoli cells by androgen. Conclusion： MIF and calgizzarin are two important androgen-responsive proteins produced by Sertoli cells and they might play a role in regulating spermatogenesis.

关键词： androgen Sertoli cell spermatogenesis surface enhanced laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry macrophage migration inhibitory factor calgizzarin

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Satiety Relaxes Thinness Criteria When Judging Others’ Body Shapes

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2018年第4期8卷 171-178页

作者： Naoto Sato kasumi Suzuki Kenichi Shibuya Department of Health and Nutrition Niigata Univeristy of Health and Welfare Niigata Japan

While people might endorse tolerance, social/environmental biases can remain operative and drive action in an unconscious manner. Herein, we investigated whether the criteria for judging others’ body shapes as “fat” or “thin” change with the degree of satiety. Nine females participated in the present study. The participants judged nine women’s figures as fat or skinny on a computer monitor in two conditions (Fasting and Satiety). Each figure ranged in body mass index (BMI) from 18.3 to 45.4 (i.e., 18.3, 19.3, 20.9, 23.1, 26.2, 29.9, 34.3, 38.6, and 45.4). Parameter estimates showed that a one-unit change in condition (Fasting vs. Satiety) resulted in a 20.0% greater probability of switching from “fat” to “thin” (SE = 0.056, z = 3.631, p < 0.0001). Notably, figures judged as “fat” in the fasting condition were judged as “thin” in the satiety condition. Thus, we concluded that satiety relaxes criteria for judging the thinness of others’ body shapes.

关键词： Satiety Body Image Perception Judgment

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氧化沥青的初期炭化

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新型炭材料 1991年第2期7卷 24-26页

作者： kasumi Yanagisawa 李庚平

一、前言由中间相沥青制造炭纤维的过程中,沥青纤维通常在空气中被氧化,然后在惰性气体保护下进行热处理。对于石油系沥青与煤焦油系沥青其结构是不同的.石油系沥青比煤焦油系沥青脂肪族含量多。

关键词：氧化沥青炭化炭纤维

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