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Renewable Energy Potential of Sewage in Zambia

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2020年第6期10卷 328-350页

作者： Aubrey Simwambi Francis yamba Sophia Hibler Kabwe Mulenga Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia The Bremen Overseas Research and Development Association Lusaka Zambia Red Spot Limited_4065 Kitwe Zambia

This study was aimed at investigating the renewable energy potential of com- munal and municipal wastewater through methane production in biogas digesters and the use of the captured methane for energy production in biogas engines. It was conducted on biogas digesters receiving and pre-treating communal and municipal wastewater in the Zambian city of Livingstone. Wastewater inflow rates into biogas units including the wastewater turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), temperature, pH, conductivity and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) were measured during the study. And all the produced biogas was measured and combusted on-site during the course of the research. In order to know the methane content of the gas, the CO2 content in the biogas was measured with a CO2 indicator. The study showed that the predominant factor affecting the process of methane production from wastewater to the greatest extent is the COD concentration of the inflowing wastewater and not the system hydraulic retention times (HRT’s). The COD treatment levels of the tested systems ranged between 27 and 86 percent and the degree of breakdown primarily depended on the COD concentration of the influent wastewater. On renewable energy fuel production, about 3.54 kilograms of COD in each system produced a kilogram of methane. Communal wastewater was able to produce an average of 600 grams of methane per cubic meter of wastewater treated whilst municipal wastewater with less COD concentration was only able to p

关键词： Biogas Methane Renewable COD Levelized

Land-Use and Land-Cover Change in the Sahel Area of Keita Valley, Republic of Niger

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2016年第4期7卷 554-565页

作者： Boureima K. Yacouba Zhanqi Wang yamba Boubacar Department of Land Resources Management School of Public Administration China University of Geosciences Wuhan China Geography Department Faculty of Arts and Human Sciences Abdou Moumouni University of Niamey Niamey Niger

Keita region is largely dependent on agriculture and livestock as the main economic activities with about 90% of the population are actively engaged in rural activities. However, these activities are dwindling at a rate that corresponds with increase in the ecosystem’s vulnerability. The following study focused on land use/land cover change in Keita. The study aims to better understand changes through diachronic analysis by integrating remote sensing and GIS. There was an interpretation of satellites imagery (1975, 1984, 1995 and 2001), and statistical techniques were used to provide quantitative analysis of land use/cover change information and drivers underlying in the study area. The changes are affected by simultaneous influence of successive droughts (1973-1974 and 1983-1984) that have transformed ecological balance, anthropogenic and livestock impacts, ecosystems degradation and policies. The land use temporal dynamics are undergone continual degradation of vegetation, the state of land saturation results in conflicts between farmer and herders, the drop in grazing areas, bare land expansion, the erosion of stream bed, and the decline in flooded plain.

关键词： Keita Valley Ecosystem’s Vulnerability Diachronic Analysis Ecological Balance Droughts

Community-based dengue control intervention in Ouagadougou:intervention theory and implementation fidelity

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Global Health Research and Policy 2018年第1期3卷 143-153页

作者： Diane Saré Dennis Pérez Paul-AndréSomé yamba Kafando Ahmed Barro Valéry Ridde University of Montreal Public Health Research Institute(IRSPUM) University of Montreal School of Public Health(ESPUM)7101 Avenue du ParcRoom 3060Montreal H3N 1X9QuebecCanada Association AGIR OuagadougouBurkina Faso IRD(French Institute for Research on Sustainable Development) CEPED(IRD-UniversitéParis Descartes)Universités Paris Sorbonne CitésERL INSERM SAGESUDParisFrance Institute of Tropical Medicine Pedro Kourí Autopista Novia del Mediodia Km 61/2PO Box 601La LisaMarianao 13Havana CityCuba

Background:While malaria control is the primary health focus in Burkina Faso,the recent dengue epidemic calls for new *** paper examines the implementation fidelity of an innovative intervention to control dengue in the capital ***:First we describe the content of the intervention and its *** then assess the fidelity of the *** step is essential as preparation for subsequent evaluation of the intervention’s ***(n=62),analysis of documents related to the intervention(n=8),and semi-structured interviews with stakeholders(n=18)were *** collected data were organized and analyzed using QDA *** theory of the intervention,grounded in reported good practices of community-based interventions,was developed and discussed with key ***:The theory of the intervention included four components:mobilization and organization,operational planning,community action,and monitoring/*** interactions among these components were intended to improve people’s knowledge about dengue and enhance the community’s capacity for vector control,which in turn would reduce the burden of the *** majority of the planned activities were conducted according to the intervention’s original *** pertained to implementation and monitoring of ***:Despite certain difficulties,some of which were foreseeable and others not,this experience showed the feasibility of developing community-based interventions for vector-borne diseases in Africa.

关键词： Community intervention Dengue Fidelity and adaptation Urban setting Ouagadougou

Vaginal Birth after a Cesarean Section at Good Shepherd Mission Hospital at Tshikaji in Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023年第5期13卷 850-859页

作者： Mubikayi Mubalamate Leon yamba Kasanda Aristide Mubikayi Kanku Yannick Ob/Gyn Department Kasayi University Kasai Democratic Republic of the Congo

Background: The success rate of vaginal birth after cesarean section with a single cesarean scar is greater than 50%, the lack of the information about the safety of vaginal birth after cesarean delivery pushes most of obstetricians to increase the num ber of cesarean sections following a previous cesarean section. Guidelines for Vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) indicate that TOLAC offers women with no contraindications and one previous transverse low-segment cesarean. The objective of the current study was to study the outcome of trial of labour after caesarean section (TOLAC), the indications for emergency repeat cesarean section and to determine the maternal and fetal prognosis in vaginal birth after caesarian section (VBAC) at Tshikaji Mission Hospital. Patients, Material and Methods: This is a retrospective study of the records of 126 women were selected to undergo the TOLAC in the department of gynecology and obstetrics at the Tshikaji Mission Hospital over the period from January 1st to December 31st, 2021. The data on demography, antenatal care, labour and delivery and outcomes were collected from the maternity unit of this hospital. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 2.0. Results: The TOLAC in 126 studied women. The course of work allowed vaginal delivery 107 parturient women, a success rate of successful VBAC of 85% after the TOLAC. The repeat emergency cesarean section was necessary for delivery in 15% of cases for failed TOLAC. There was no maternal mortality, but we recorded one fetal death or 0.8% of perinatal mortality, 2 cases of cicatricial dehiscence, the incidence of 1.6%. Maternal morbidity after delivery on cicatricial uterus was dominated by postpartum hemorrhages, with 19 cases or 15.1% of cases. Cervical dilatation of more than 3 cm at the time of admission, the parity more than 3 and were the significant factors in favor of a successful VBAC. Birth weight of more than 3500 g, fetal distress and malpresentation

关键词： Lower Segment Cesarean Section Scar Dehiscence Trial of Labor Vaginal Birth after Cesarean Section Tshikaji Hospital

基于局部结构化特征稀疏编码的手制动机故障检测

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铁道科学与工程学报 2018年第9期15卷 2415-2422页

作者：刘盛亚 Philip yamba 邹荣许桢英崔世林江苏大学机械工程学院江苏镇江212013 南阳理工学院电子与电气工程学院河南南阳473004

列车机械部件故障检测为铁路安全运营提供保障,而机器视觉技术的发展使得目标故障检测成为检测的主要手段。针对铁路货车手制动机链条丢失故障,由前端视觉图像传感器采集手制动机链条图像,并根据链条具有丰富纹理结构的特点,提出一种新... 详细信息

列车机械部件故障检测为铁路安全运营提供保障,而机器视觉技术的发展使得目标故障检测成为检测的主要手段。针对铁路货车手制动机链条丢失故障,由前端视觉图像传感器采集手制动机链条图像,并根据链条具有丰富纹理结构的特点,提出一种新颖的低层次结构化特征;通过稀疏编码构建出中等层次结构化特征,在空间金子塔架构下实现手制动机链条丢失故障的检测。由于结构化特征隐含了图像中的空间结构关系,使得故障检测性能获得极大提高,相应的实验表明,在线性SVM下的故障检测率达到了98%左右,而检测速度达到了9帧/s,具有很好的实时性和很高的检测精度。

关键词：视觉故障检测手制动机链条局部结构化特征稀疏编码空间金字塔

The Epidemio-Clinic Profile of Clandestine Abortion at Saint Joseph Hospital (Kinshasa)

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2018年第12期8卷 1176-1184页

作者： Leon Mubikayi Aristide yamba Yannick Mubikayi Elisee Kuedimutshima Dolores Nembunzu School of Medicine Kasayi University Kananga Democratic Republic of the Congo Nurse School of Kananga Kananga Democratic Republic of the Congo Saint Joseph Hospital Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Objective: To identify the epidemiologic profile of the woman having practiced the clandestine abortion, to determine the frequency and the complications of the clandestine abortion and to evaluate the prognosis of the clandestine abortion in our area. Method: The present study is descriptive and retrospective covering the period from January 2017 to December 2017, the one year period. On 118 patients received in the service for clandestine abortion, 60 were retained for the study. The 58 other files were excluded because of not containing sufficient information for this study. The descriptive statistical analyses were applied for the data analysis. Results: The frequency of the allowed patients for complication of clandestine abortion caused at the Saint Joseph hospital of Kinshasa was 6.03%. The most concerned population with this practice was less than 15 years and more than 45 years;they were unmarried (41.6%) and nulliparous (41.6%) in most cases. Ancillary medical staff (especially nurses) was accused the most in this practice of the illegal abortion caused by the dilatation and curettage with 50%. The genital haemorrhage constitutes the principal complication and reason for consultation and accounted for 78.3%. The assumption of responsibility is primarily medical and surgical. The vital prognosis is satisfactory for the immediate one, because no death is noted. Conclusion: The clandestine abortion remains public health problem in our communities. The results found in our study call for certain reflections so that to reduce its frequency and to avoid its complications.

关键词： Abortions Clandestine Complications

Outcomes and Tolerable Complications with the Use of ESD for Upper GI Lesion

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Outcomes and Tolerable Complications with the Use of ESD for...

作者：卫力（Muangu yamba Willy）华中科技大学

学位级别：硕士

Background: Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection of early gastric cancer oresophageal cancer with no risk of lymph node metastasis was actuallydeveloped as a supplementary reliable tissue-retrieving endoscopicmanagement than *** facilitate en bloc resection of the enjurymucosa in a more reliable manner, regardless of the mucosa. Methods: A prospective study was conducted from May2010to December2011in HUST （Tongji Hospital）,125patients with age ranging to24-80years old were identified consecutively with EGCs or EECs. Results: We consecutively identified a total of125EGCs and EECs with thepatients who underwent ESD using the different Knifes. The studycomprised59（47.2%） male and66（52.8%） female;the mean age of allpatients was49.1years with extreme age between24-80years. Among the stomach lesions, we performed86ESDs,53female （61.1%） and33male （38.3%） with the p-value ＜0.00001a student s test was applied tocalculated this value. A p-value was0.03419＜0.05statistically significantcompared to0.15as an estimation of the probability test. In the esophagus lesion, we also performed39ESDs, among26ESDs wereperformed in male （66.6%） and13female （33.3%）. The average age was56.1year, the tumor size was1.06cm with a p-value ＜0.00001student stest was applied and no difference was found in both student test. The p- value was0.03982＜0.05statistically significant compared to0.25as anestimation of recurrence and complication. Conclusion: Early screening lesion with endoscopy is the leading elementfor improving outcomes in patients with EGCs or EECs. ESD is practicablein our Hospital because it provides a precise histological diagnosis andremoves the lesion without cutting the GI tract;it s a safe and reliabletechnique.

关键词：胃癌食道癌内镜黏膜下剥离术可容忍并发症

Thoracic Wounds by Firearm at the University Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo (YO)

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Open Journal of Thoracic Surgery 2017年第2期7卷 23-28页

作者： Edgar Ouangré Maurice Zida Moussa Bazongo Elie yamba Sawadogo Aristide Sam Rock Kafando Nayi Zongo Si Simon Traoré Department of General and Digestive Surgery University Hospital-Yalgado Ouédraogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Thoracic wounds by firearms are frequent and severe. They may involve the patient’s prognosis. Objective: To study the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of the thoracic wounds by firearms. Material and method: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study of all patients over the age of 15 who consulted in the university hospital-YO in the department of general and digestive surgery over a period of 5 years. Results: We collected 50 cases of thoracic wounds by firearms on 183 thoracic wounds with a prevalence of 27.3%. There were 48 men (96%). The average age was 30 years. The patients came from urban areas in 66% of cases;the informal sector accounted for 44% of the cases. The pistol was the most involved firearm (46.9%). The consultation period was less than 6 hours in 78% of patients. An unstable hemodynamic state was found in 42% (n = 21). A fluid and mixed pleural effusion syndrome was found in 46% and 26% of patients, respectively. Associated lesions were diaphragm involvement, and lesions of intra-abdominal hollow organs. Thoracic drainage was performed in 24 patients (48%) and was associated with a laparotomy in 8 patients. The average hospital stay was 7.5 days. Mortality was 14%. Conclusion: the thoracic wounds by firearms are frequent in civilian practice. The thoracic CT allows mapping of the lesions and thoracic drainage constitutes the essential part of surgical treatment. The fight against the proliferation of weapons deserves to be promoted.

关键词： Wounds Thorax Firearm Drainage Burkina Faso

Investigating Non-Compliance with COVID-19 Vaccination through Hesitancy, Refusal, and Access Limitation: A Community-Based Survey from the Democratic Republic of the Congo

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第9期12卷 280-306页

作者： Nestor Kalala-Tshituka Alain Cimuanga-Mukanya Alain yamba Mukendi Faustin Ndjibu Mpoji Ghislain Disashi-Tumba Joris Losimba Likwela Nadine Kayiba Kalenda Evariste Tshibangu-Kabamba Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Public Health University of Mbujimayi Mbuji-Mayi Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy University of Kisangani Kisangani Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Public Health University of Mbujimayi Mbuji-Mayi Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine Faculty of Medicine Oita University Oita Japan Research Institute of Health and Society Catholic University of Louvain Brussels Belgium

Introduction: Vaccination plays a pivotal role in mitigating the repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, vaccination campaigns encounter obstacles, especially in developing countries like the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). This study aimed at investigating the roles of vaccine hesitancy, refusal, and access barriers, while identifying individual-level factors associated with non-vaccination in Mbujimayi, DRC. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in three health districts and included 1496 residents. Attitudes and behaviors related to seeking COVID-19 vaccination were assessed using a standardized questionnaire. Hierarchical logistic regression modeling was used to assess factors potentially affecting non-compliance with vaccination. Results: Among participants (median age = 33, IQR = 23.3, M/F sex ratio = 0.7), 60% displayed misconceptions about COVID-19 or its vaccine, while only 35.2% perceived COVID-19 as a significant health threat. Vaccination coverage was estimated at 49.1% (95% CI: 47.5;52.6), with 71.8% of vaccinated individuals having received one dose. Among the unvaccinated individuals, 50.9% expressed no intention to be vaccinated in the future, citing hesitation (30.4%) or refusal (39.6%) mainly due to side effects or distrust of vaccines. Conversely, 32.7% of the unvaccinated persons expressed access barriers despite willingness to be vaccinated. Misconceptions about COVID-19 and its vaccines were the main drivers of vaccination non-compliance. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate significant vaccine non-compliance driven by hesitancy, refusal, and access barriers. Strategies to enhance vaccination coverage and pandemic preparedness should address misconceptions, sociodemographic barriers, and geographic disparities.

关键词： COVID-19 Vaccination Non-Observance Community Democratic Republic of the Congo