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Enhancing Solar Photovoltaic Efficiency:A Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis

Energy Engineering 2025年第1期122卷 153-166页

作者： Rahool Rai Fareed HussainMangi kashif ahmed Sudhakar Kumaramsay Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan AbdullahPekan26600PahangMalaysia Faculty of Engineering Science&Technology Hamdard UniversityKarachi74600Pakistan Electrical Engineering Department SUKKUR IBA UniversitySukkur65200Pakistan Berlin School of Business and Innovation BSBI Faculty of Computer Science and InformaticsBerlin12043Germany Automotive Engineering Centre University Malaysia Pahang Al Sultan AbdullahPekan26600PahangMalaysia Centre for Research in Advanced Fluid&Processes(Fluid Centre) Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah(UMPSA)Paya BesarKuantan26300PahangMalaysia

The growing need for sustainable energy solutions,driven by rising energy shortages,environmental concerns,and the depletion of conventional energy sources,has led to a significant focus on renewable *** energy,among the various renewable sources,is particularly appealing due to its abundant ***,the efficiency of commercial solar photovoltaic(PV)modules is hindered by several factors,notably their conversion efficiency,which averages around 19%.This efficiency can further decline to 10%–16%due to temperature increases during peak sunlight *** study investigates the cooling of PV modules by applying water to their front surface through Computational fluid dynamics(CFD).The study aimed to determine the optimal conditions for cooling the PV module by analyzing the interplay between water film thickness,Reynolds number,and their effects on temperature reduction and heat *** CFD analysis revealed that the most effective cooling condition occurred with a 5 mm thick water film and a Reynolds number of *** specific parameters were found to maximize the heat transfer and temperature reduction *** finding is crucial for the development of practical and efficient cooling systems for PV modules,potentially leading to improved performance and longevity of solar *** cooling fluids or advanced cooling techniques that might offer even better efficiency or practical benefits.

关键词： PV module efficiency water film thickness reynolds number CFD analysis PV/T renewable energy

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Reservoir characteristics of Datta Formation (Early Jurassic), Marwat-Khisor Ranges, sub-Himalayas, Pakistan

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Petroleum Science 2023年第4期20卷 2026-2044页

作者： Muhammad Tariq Muhammad kashif Noor ahmed Zaheen Ullah Jose Nicanor Mendez Muhammad Armaghan Faisal Miraj Department of Earth Sciences University of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan Department of Geosciences University of BaltistanSkarduPakistan School of Geosciences China University of PetroleumQingdao266580China Institute of Geology University of the PunjabLahorePakistan

The present work has been accomplished to carry out a detailed study of the characteristics of the Early Jurassic Datta Formation of Trans-Indus Ranges, Pakistan. The discovery of Saib well-1 (Gas and condensate discovery from Jurassic limestone) in the study basin takes an active interest in carrying out extensive exploration activities in the same basin. Jurassic rocks especially Datta Sandstone and Samana Suk Limestone are acting as good reservoirs. The study unit consists of variegated sandstone interbedded with siltstone, carbonaceous clay, and shale and coal stringer. For the current work, two stratigraphic sections (Pezu and Abbo Wanda) have been measured. To examine its sedimentology, depositional environment, diagenetic settings, and reservoir characteristics, a detailed study was conducted and various laboratory techniques have been utilized. About 95 rock samples from the bottom to the top of both sections were collected, and 50 rock samples have been selected for thin section analysis and were examined under a polarizing microscope to show their mineralogical composition, diagenesis, and their reservoir characteristics. XRD (X-ray diffraction), Cathodoluminescence (CL), SEM (Scanning electron microscope) with EDS (Energy-dispersive spectroscope), and Core plug porosity and permeability analysis have been used to interpret its chemical and mineralogical composition and its reservoir characteristics, respectively. Based on field observations and thin section analysis, four depositional facies and six lithofacies have been established. The sedimentary structures, depositional facies, and lithofacies indicate that Datta Formation was deposited in a deltaic environment. Compactions, cementation, fracturing and dissolution can greatly affect the quality of reservoir rock. Based on thin section and SEM analysis, large numbers of primary pores, fracture and secondary pores were observed and connectivity between the pores is good, and at some places, these pores

关键词： Reservoir characteristics Jurassic Datta Formation Porosity.permeability Sandstone

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Secure and Reliable Routing in the Internet of Vehicles Network:AODV-RL with BHA Attack Defense

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 633-659页

作者： Nadeem ahmed Khalid Mohammadani Ali kashif Bashir Marwan Omar Angel Jones Fayaz Hassan School of Electronic Science Beijing University of Post and TelecommunicationBeijing100086China Department of Computer Science Huanggang Normal UniversityHuanggangChina Department of Computing and Mathematics Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK Woxsen School of Business Woxsen UniversityHyderabad502345India Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Lebanese American UniversityBeirutLebanon Information Technology and Management Illinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoUSA College of Computing Capital Technology UniversityLaurelUSA

Wireless technology is transforming the future of transportation through the development of the Internet of Vehicles(IoV).However,intricate security challenges are intertwinedwith technological progress:Vehicular ad hoc Networks(VANETs),a core component of IoV,face security issues,particularly the Black Hole Attack(BHA).This malicious attack disrupts the seamless flow of data and threatens the network’s overall reliability;also,BHA strategically disrupts communication pathways by dropping data packets from legitimate nodes *** the importance of this challenge,we have introduced a new solution called ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector-Reputation-based mechanism Local Outlier Factor(AODV-RL).The significance of AODVRL lies in its unique approach:it verifies and confirms the trustworthiness of network components,providing robust protection against *** additional safety layer is established by implementing the Local Outlier Factor(LOF),which detects and addresses abnormal network *** testing of our solution has revealed its remarkable ability to enhance communication in ***,Our experimental results achieve message delivery ratios of up to 94.25%andminimal packet loss ratios of just 0.297%.Based on our experimental results,the proposedmechanismsignificantly improves VANET communication reliability and *** results promise a more secure and dependable future for IoV,capable of transforming transportation safety and efficiency.

关键词： Black hole attack IoV vehicular ad hoc network AODV routing protocol

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Bioinspired Multi-material Polyjet-printed Frog Robot for Synchronous and Asynchronous Swimming

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第3期20卷 923-933页

作者： Afaque Manzoor Soomro Jae-Wook Lee Fida Hussain Memon Faheem ahmed kashif Hussain Kyung Hyun Choi Department of Mechatronics Engineering Jeju National UniversityJeju63243South Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Sukkur IBA UniversitySukkur65200Pakistan

This paper proposes the bioinspired soft frog robot. All printing technology was used for the fabrication of the robot. Polyjet printing was used to print the front and back limbs, while ultrathin filament was used to print the body of the robot, which makes it a complete soft swimming robot. Dual thrust generation approach has been proposed by embedding the main muscle and antagonistic muscle in all the limbs, which enables it to attain high speed (18 mm/s), significant control to swim in dual mode (synchronous and asynchronous modes). To achieve the swimming motion of frog, four SMA (BMF 300) muscle wires were used. The frog robot is named as (FROBOT). The hind limbs are 60 mm long and 10 mm thick on average, while the front limbs are 35 mm long and 7 mm thick. Model-based design and rigorous analysis of the dynamics of real frogs have allowed FROBOT to be developed to swim at a level that is remarkably consistent with real frogs. Electrical and mechanical characteristics have been performed. In addition, the test data were further processed using TRACKER to analyze angle, displacement and velocity. FROBOT (weighs 65 g) can swim at different controllable frequencies (0.5–2 Hz), can rotate in any direction on command from custom built LabVIEW software allowing it to swim with speed up to 18 mm/s on deep water surface (100 cm) with excellent weight balance.

关键词： Bioinspired Soft robotics Frog FROBOT Asynchronous swimming

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Early selection of bread wheat genotypes using morphological and photosynthetic attributes conferring drought tolerance

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第11期18卷 2483-2491页

作者： Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din ahmed Abdus Salam khan LI Ming-ju Sultan Habibullah Khan Muhammad kashif Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources Yunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesKunming 650205P.R.China Center of Agricultural Biotechnology and Biochemistry University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad 38000Pakistan

Genetic diversity is the base of any genetic improvement breeding program aimed at stress *** variability among breeding materials is of primary importance in the achievements of a good crop ***,105 wheat genotypes were screened against drought stress using factorial completely randomized design at seedling stage to determine the genetic diversity and traits association conferring drought *** of variances revealed that all the studied parameters differed significantly among all genotypes,indicating the significance genetic variability existed among all genotypes for studied *** 10 best performance genotypes G1,G6,G11,G16,G21,G26,G39,G44,G51,and G61 were screened as drought tolerant,while five lowest performance genotypes G3,G77,G91,G98,and G105 were screened as drought *** length,chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,and carotenoid contents were significantly correlated among themselves which exhibited the importance of these indices for rainfed areas in future wheat breeding *** length exhibited non-significant and negative association with other studied traits,and its selection seems not to be a promising criteria for this germplasm for drought *** performance genotypes under drought stress conditions will be useful in future wheat breeding program and early selection will be effective for developing high yielding and drought tolerant wheat varieties.

关键词： drought photosynthesis chlorophyll wheat seedling carotenoid

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Origin of Quartz Cement in the Paleogene Sandstone Reservoir of Shahejie Formation,Bohai Bay Basin,China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2022年第1期96卷 248-260页

作者： Muhammad kashif CAO Yingchang Nizam Ud DIN Uzair SIDDIQUE XI Kelai Faisal REHMAN Noor ahmed GU Xihao Mohammad Saleh GAGHMAN Department of Earth sciences University of SargodhaSargodha 40100Pakistan School of Geosciences China University of PetroleumQingdaoShandong 266580China College of Earth sciences and Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Institute of Marine Geology and Resources Ocean CollegeZhejiang UniversityZhoushanZhejiang 316021China Department of Earth sciences Quaid-I-Azam UniversityIslamabad 45320Pakistan

The precipitation of authigenic quartz plays a significant role to reduce the reservoir characteristics and enhance the stiffness of the *** Es_(1) sandstone of Shahejie Formation is acting as a significant hydrocarbon producing rock in the Nanpu *** methods like thin section petrography,cathodoluminescence(CL),scanning electron microscope(SEM,with EDS),and electron microprobe analysis has been used to reveal the origin of quartz cement as well as to evaluate the effect of quartz cement on reservoir *** studied sandstone is classified as immature to mature feldspathic litharenite and lithic arkose and consists of quartz,feldspar,rock fragments and *** studies and SEM analysis shows that the authigenic quartz is acting a significant cement that reduces the reservoir *** clay minerals(kaolinite and mixed layer illite to smectite)are dominant in the Es_(1) sandstone,that can reduce the reservoir ***,CL and thin section analysis reveal that there are two stages of quartz cement in the studied samples;that are pore filling authigenic cement and quartz overgrowth *** inclusion homogenization temperatures shows that stages of quartz cement were developed with continuous process from 70℃ to 130℃.Quartz cements were generally originated from I/S reaction,feldspar dissolution,conversion of rock fragments and pressure *** dissolution(K-feldspar)and kaolinite to illite reaction is an insignificant silica source for the silica cement which is internally precipitated in a close system with diffusion transporting ***,quartz cement significantly enhance the rock strengthen and brittleness effectively as well as it reduce the overall reservoir quality.

关键词： origin authigenic quartz silica sources diffusion Shahejie Formation

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Unsupervised Color Segmentation with Reconstructed Spatial Weighted Gaussian Mixture Model and Random Color Histogram

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3323-3348页

作者： Umer Sadiq Khan Zhen Liu Fang Xu Muhib Ullah Khan Lerui Chen Touseef ahmed Khan Muhammad kashif Khattak Yuquan Zhang School of Computer and Information Science Hubei Engineering UniversityXiaogan432000China Institute for AI Industrial Technology Research Hubei Engineering UniversityXiaogan432000China Key Lab of Mountain Hazards and Surface Processes Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China College of Aviation Zhongyuan University of TechnologyZhengzhou451191China Research Center of Digital Mountain and Remote Sensing Application Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu610041China School of Computer Science University of PoonchAzad Jammu Kashmir12350Pakistan School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hubei UniversityWuhan430062China

Image classification and unsupervised image segmentation can be achieved using the Gaussian mixture *** the Gaussian mixture model enhances the flexibility of image segmentation,it does not reflect spatial information and is sensitive to the segmentation *** this study,we first present an efficient algorithm that incorporates spatial information into the Gaussian mixture model(GMM)without parameter *** proposed model highlights the residual region with considerable information and constructs color ***,we incorporate the content-based color saliency as spatial information in the Gaussian mixture *** segmentation is performed by clustering each pixel into an appropriate component according to the expectation maximization and maximum ***,the random color histogram assigns a unique color to each cluster and creates an attractive color by default for segmentation.A random color histogram serves as an effective tool for data visualization and is instrumental in the creation of generative art,facilitating both analytical and aesthetic *** experiments,we have used the Berkeley segmentation dataset BSDS-500 and Microsoft Research in Cambridge *** the study,the proposed model showcases notable advancements in unsupervised image segmentation,with probabilistic rand index(PRI)values reaching 0.80,BDE scores as low as 12.25 and 12.02,compactness variations at 0.59 and 0.7,and variation of information(VI)reduced to 2.0 and 1.49 for the BSDS-500 and MSRC datasets,respectively,outperforming current leading-edge methods and yielding more precise segmentations.

关键词： Unsupervised segmentation color saliency spatial weighted GMM random color histogram

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Classification of Electrocardiogram Signals for Arrhythmia Detection Using Convolutional Neural Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第12期77卷 3817-3834页

作者： Muhammad Aleem Raza Muhammad Anwar kashif Nisar Ag.Asri Ag.Ibrahim Usman ahmed Raza Sadiq Ali Khan Fahad Ahmad Department of Computer Science and IT Lahore Lead UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Information Sciences Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahore54000Pakistan Faculty of Computing and Informatics University Malaysia SabahJalan UMSKota KinabaluSabah88400Malaysia Computer Science Department UBIT Karachi UniversityKarachi75270Pakistan Department of Basic Sciences Deanship of Common First YearJouf UniversitySakakaAljouf72341Saudi Arabia

With the help of computer-aided diagnostic systems,cardiovascular diseases can be identified timely manner to minimize the mortality rate of patients suffering from cardiac ***,the early diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmia is one of the most challenging *** manual analysis of electrocardiogram(ECG)data with the help of the Holter monitor is ***,the Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)is receiving considerable attention from researchers for automatically identifying ECG *** paper proposes a 9-layer-based CNN model to classify the ECG signals into five primary categories according to the American National Standards Institute(ANSI)standards and the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instruments(AAMI).The Massachusetts Institute of Technology-Beth Israel Hospital(MIT-BIH)arrhythmia dataset is used for the *** proposed model outperformed the previous model in terms of accuracy and achieved a sensitivity of 99.0%and a positivity predictively 99.2%in the detection of a Ventricular Ectopic Beat(VEB).Moreover,it also gained a sensitivity of 99.0%and positivity predictively of 99.2%for the detection of a supraventricular ectopic beat(SVEB).The overall accuracy of the proposed model is 99.68%.

关键词： Arrhythmia ECG signal deep learning convolutional neural network physioNet MIT-BIH arrhythmia database

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Effects of droplet size and spray interval on root-to-shoot ratio,photosynthesis efficiency,and nutritional quality of aeroponically grown butter head lettuce

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2022年第1期15卷 79-88页

作者： Mazhar Hussain Tunio Jianmin Gao Waqar ahmed Qureshi Sher Ali Sheikh Jiedong Chen Farman Ali Chandio Imran Ali Lakhiar kashif Ali Solangi School of Agricultural Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina

The proper selection of the atomizer(droplet size)and nutrient solution spray interval is one of the most important factors to be investigated in aeroponics system for sustainable *** aim of this study was to research the effects of four aeroponics atomizing nozzles(one air-assisted;A_(1),two air-less;A_(2) and A_(3),and one ultrasonic fogger;A_(4))with droplet sizes of 11.24μm,26.35μm,17.38μm,and 4.89μm,respectively,four spray intervals(15 min(I_(1)),30 min(I_(2)),45 min(I_(3))and 60 min(I_(4)))at a 5 min of constant spray time by atomizing the Hoagland’s nutrient solution on growth,root-to-shoot ratio,photosynthesis characteristics,pigments,and nutritional quality of the aeroponically grown *** experimental results demonstrated that in A_(1) atomizer and I_(2) interval,the growth,photosynthesis efficiency,chlorophyll,carotenoids,and nutritional values of the lettuce were significantly higher compared to that grown in A_(2) and A_(3) atomizers at all spray *** shoot developments were more constrained than root,prominent to the alteration of root-to-shoot ratio(fresh and dry)in the influence of different droplet sizes and spray ***,the plants did not grow well in A_(4) atomizer associated with proposed spray *** results disclosed that there was an obvious interaction between droplet sizes(atomizers)and spray intervals for growth,the ratio of root to shoot,photosynthesis efficiency,pigments,and nutritional quality of the aeroponically grown *** research study increases the awareness of the proper droplet size(atomizer)and the regulation of nutrient solution spray interval for leafy vegetables grown in an aeroponics system.

关键词： aeroponics system atomizers droplet sizes photosynthesis efficiency chlorophyll contents quality of lettuce

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Reno-protective effect of garlic extract against immobilization stress induced changes in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第5期5卷 364-369页

作者： Syed kashif Zaidi Shakeel ahmed Ansari Ghulam Md.Ashraf Mohammad Alam Jafri Shams Tabrez Naheed Banu Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research King Abdulaziz University King Fahd Medical Research Center King Abdulaziz University College of Medical Rehabilitation Qassim University

Objective: To examine immobilization stress-induced antioxidant defense alterations in rat kidney and the antioxidant effects of aqueous garlic extract in pre and post stress extract treatments. Methods: Albino rats were treated with aqueous extract of garlic both before and 6 h of immobilization stress. Pro-oxidant eminence of rat kidney was assessed by determining the levels of glutathione, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, glucose, uric acid, alkaline phosphatase and antioxidant enzymes activities. Results: In response to 6 h of immobilization stress, a significant rise in the level of kidney enzymes was recorded. However, antioxidant enzyme activities showed a sharp decline. Conclusions: The extract treatment before and after the stress reverted the activities of above mentioned enzymes towards their control values. Hence, garlic extract can be given as nutritional supplement for scavenging the free radicals generated in rat kidney.

关键词： Stress Antioxidant enzymes AST ALT MDA Garlic

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