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Pharmacognostic evaluation of leaf and root bark of Holoptelea integrifolia Roxb.

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第3期2卷 169-175页

作者： Dinesh kumar karunesh kumar Sunil kumar Tarun kumar Ajay kumar Om Prakash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kurukshetra University

Objective:To evaluate the pharmacognostic characters of an important medicinal plant, Holoptelcu integrifolia(***) ***:The pharmacognostic studies were carried out in terms of organoleptic,microscopic,macroscopic and fluorescence ***: The characteristic microscopic features of leaves were observed as trichomes,multicellular trichomes,xylem cells,phloem cells,collenchyma,vascular bundles,spongy parenchyma and palisade *** characteristic microscopic features of root bark included cork cambium, primary cortex,phloem fibers,medullary rays,endodermis,pericycle and lignified fibers in the transverse section and longitudinal *** characteristic microscopy of root bark powder showed the presence of cortex cells,sieve tubes,calcium oxalate crystals and lignified fibers. Macroscopic study showed that leaf shape-oval,apex-acute,base-cordate and leaf margin was entire with glabrous surface,bitter taste and characteristic *** morphological features of root bark showed deep fissured,rough and firm surface with rhitydome and the periderm parallel to ***:Various pharmacognostic characters observed in this study help in the identification and standardization of ***.

关键词： Holoptelea integrifolia Microscopy Organoleptic Fluorescence analysis Identification Standardization Pharmacognostic character

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Energy and Emission Reduction Potential for Bank ATM Units in India

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Open Journal of Energy Efficiency 2016年第4期5卷 107-120页

作者： Hemant kumar Singh Ravi Prakash karunesh kumar Shukla Department of Mechanical Engineering Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad India Department of Applied Mechanics Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad India

With the growing economy of India, banking sector growth has led to installation of thousands of Automatic Teller Machines (ATMs) throughout the country. ATMs provide 24 × 7 services as well as operate at low-temperature ranges of cooling, hence have high operating energy costs. Insulating an ATM’s envelope is not a prevalent technique in India. In the present study, an effort has been made to determine the optimum insulation thickness for three different insulation materials for the typical ATM envelope in four different climatic zones of India. Life cycle savings and payback periods for various insulation materials are also evaluated. Further, these optimally insulated ATM envelopes can be integrated with grid connected rooftop solar PV systems. The energy saving and emissions reduction potential due to these two interventions have been estimated on the national basis. Altogether in the four selected climate zones, energy saving of 17% - 30% provides the annual economic benefit of Indian National Rupees (Rs.) 3570 million with annual carbon reduction potential of about 0.60 million tCO2. From this study, it is observed that properly insulated ATMs integrated with rooftop solar PV systems, can significantly reduce the energy costs as well as carbon emissions in India’s context.

关键词： Life Cycle Cost Optimum Insulation Thickness Life Cycle Saving Solar PV Payback Period Carbon Emissions

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Life Cycle Energy of Low Rise Residential Buildings in Indian Context

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Open Journal of Energy Efficiency 2014年第4期3卷 108-118页

作者： Talakonukula Ramesh Ravi Prakash karunesh kumar Shukla Government Polytechnic Nirmal India Department of Mechanical Engineering Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad India Department of Applied Mechanics Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad India

Life cycle energy of the building accounts for all energy inputs to the buildings during their intended service life. Buildings need to be constructed in such a way that energy consumption in their life cycle is minimal. Life Cycle Energy (LCE) consumption data of buildings is not available in public domain which is essentially required for building designers and policy makers to formulate strategies for reduction in LCE of buildings. The paper presents LCE of twenty (20) low rise residential buildings in Indian context. LCE of the studied buildings is varying from 160 - 380 kWh/m2 year (Primary). Based on the LCE data of studied buildings, an equation is proposed to readily reckon LCE of a new building.

关键词： Life Cycle Energy Residential Buildings Embodied Energy Operating Energy

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Life Cycle Energy Analysis of a Multifamily Residential House: A Case Study in Indian Context

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Open Journal of Energy Efficiency 2013年第1期2卷 34-41页

作者： Talakonukula Ramesh Ravi Prakash karunesh kumar Shukla Department of Applied Mechanics Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad India Department of Mechanical Engineering Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad India

The paper presents life cycle energy analysis of a multifamily residential house situated in Allahabad (U.P), India. The study covers energy for construction, operation, maintenance and demolition phases of the building. The selected building is a 4-storey concrete structured multifamily residential house comprising 44 apartments with usable floor area of 2960 m2. The material used for the building structure is steel reinforced concrete and envelope is made up of burnt clay brick masonry. Embodied energy of the building is calculated based on the embodied energy coefficients of building materials applicable in Indian context. Operating energy of the building is estimated using e-Quest energy simulation software. Results show that operating energy (89%) of the building is the largest contributor to life cycle energy of the building, followed by embodied energy (11%). Steel, cement and bricks are most significant materials in terms of contribution to the initial embodied energy profile. The life cycle energy intensity of the building is found to be 75 GJ/m2 and energy index 288 kWh/m2 years (primary). Use of aerated concrete blocks in the construction of walls and for covering roof has been examined as energy saving strategy and it is found that total life cycle energy demand of the building reduces by 9.7%. In addition, building integrated photo voltaic (PV) panels are found most promising for reduction (37%) in life cycle energy (primary) use of the building.

关键词： Residential House Life Cycle Energy Embodied Energy Operating Energy PV Panels

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