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Effect of Treatment for CHC on Liver Disease Progression and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development in African Americans

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2015年第3期3卷 163-168页

作者： Naveen Reddy Paul Naylor Zaher Hakim Redwan Asbahi karthik ravindran Elizabeth May Murray Ehrinpreis Milton Mutchnick Department of Internal Medicine/Division of Gastroenterology Wayne State University School of MedicineHarper University Hospital Detroit MI USA

Background and Aims:African Americans (AA) historically have a low response rate to hepatitis C therapies,and there is limited information available for this patient population regarding the development and treatment of chronic hepatitis C (CHC).The aim of this study was to evaluate liver disease progression and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in AA with ***:Between 1995 and 2008,246 AA patients with CHC were identified from a database of patients and followed until 2012-2013 (average 8 years)or the development of HCC after ***:Viral clearance (intent to treat;sustained virus response (SVR)) was achieved in 15% of patients with interferon based therapies with or without *** patients who achieved an SVR (n=22) did not develop HCC or new onset cirrhosis,whereas the HCC incidence in untreated AA patients was 23% (51/203).Patients who achieved an SVR also had improved fibrosis,as defined by the AST Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) and Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score,relative to nonresponders and untreated ***:The severity of liver disease at the first visit (except for cirrhosis) correlated with the development of HCC,but because of the overlap in values between patients,these measurements were not useful for predicting individual *** cirrhosis at the first visit was not a predictive factor,treatment with newer antiviral therapies is the best option for reducing the incidence of advanced liver disease and its harmful outcomes in the AA population.

关键词： Hepatitis C Cirrhosis Hepatocellular carcinoma APRI Fib-4

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Progress in ileal endogenous amino acid flow research in poultry

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 415-425页

作者： V.ravindran Monogastric Research Centre School of Agriculture and EnvironmentMassey UniversityPalmerston North 4442New Zealand

The progress in our understanding of the endogenous protein concept over the past century is *** proteins found in the digesta at the terminal ileum of poultry,known as endogenous protein loss,are comprised of digestive secretions,mucus and sloughed gut epithelial *** measurement of this loss is of fundamental importance because it is an indicator of gut metabolism and is essential to adjust apparent estimates of ileal amino acid *** ileal endogenous amino acid losses comprise of two components,namely basal and specific *** basal losses are fixed and associated with feed dry matter intake,whereas the specific losses are variable and induced by the presence of dietary components such as fibre and *** there is no methodology available to directly measure the specific endogenous losses and these losses are calculated by determining the basal and total(basal plus specific)losses and,then subtracting the basal losses from total *** seminal features,specific applications and shortcomings of available methodologies are briefly outlined as well as the practical challenges faced in using the published endogenous amino acid loss values for true digestibility *** relevance of taurine as a component of endogenous protein flow in poultry is identified for the first time.

关键词： Basal loss Digestible amino acids Endogenous amino acid losses Poultry Specific loss

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Unsteady mixed convection flow over stretching sheet in presence of chemical reaction and heat generation or absorption with non-uniform slot suction or injection

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2015年第10期36卷 1253-1272页

作者： R.ravindran N.SAMYUKTHA Department of Mathematics National Institute of Technology

The article examines the unsteady mixed convection flow over a vertical stretching sheet in the presence of chemical reaction and heat generation or absorption with non-uniform mass transfer. The unsteadiness is caused by the time dependent free stream velocity varying arbitrarily with time. Non-similar solutions are obtained nu- merically by solving the coupled nonlinear partial differential equations using the quasi- linearization technique in combination with an implicit finite difference scheme. To reveal the tendency of the solutions, typical results for the local skin friction coefficient and the local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are presented for different values of parameters. The effects of various parameters on the velocity, temperature, and concentration distributions are discussed here. The present numerical results are compared with the previously published work, and the results are found to be in excellent agreement.

关键词： unsteady mixed convection non-similar solution non-uniform slot suction,stretching sheet chemical reaction heat generation

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Sammon Quadratic Recurrent Multilayer Deep Classifier for Legal Document Analytics

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 3039-3053页

作者： Divya Mohan Latha ravindran Nair School of Engineering Cochin University of Science and TechnologyKeralaIndia

In recent years,machine learning algorithms and in particular deep learning has shown promising results when used in the field of legal *** legal field is strongly affected by the problem of information overload,due to the large amount of legal material stored in textual *** text processing is essential in the legal domain to analyze the texts of the court events to automatically predict smart *** an increasing number of digitally available documents,legal text processing is essential to analyze documents which helps to automate various legal domain *** document classification is a valuable tool in legal services for enhancing the quality and efficiency of legal document *** this paper,we propose Sammon Keyword Mapping-based Quadratic Discriminant Recurrent Multilayer Perceptive Deep Neural Classifier(SKM-QDRMPDNC),a system that applies deep neural methods to the problem of legal document *** SKM-QDRMPDNC technique consists of many layers to perform the keyword extraction and ***,the set of legal documents are collected from the *** the keyword extraction is performed using SammonMapping technique based on the distance *** the extracted features,Quadratic Discriminant analysis is applied to performthe document classification based on the likelihood ratio ***,the classified legal documents are obtained at the output *** process is repeated until minimum error is *** experimental assessment is carried out using various performance metrics such as accuracy,precision,recall,F-measure,and computational time based on several legal documents collected from the *** observed results validated that the proposed SKM-QDRMPDNC technique provides improved performance in terms of achieving higher accuracy,precision,recall,and F-measure with minimum computation time when compared to existing methods.

关键词： Legal document data analytics recurrent multilayer perceptive deep neural network sammon mapping quadratic discriminant analysis likelihood ratio test

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Calorie restriction potentiates epigallocatechin-3-gallate-mediated Nrf2 activation in hepatocytes of aged rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2023年第10期13卷 421-430页

作者： Rajeswari ravindran Malathi Manuel Thangarajeswari Mohan ravindran Jaganathan Kalaiselvi Periandavan Preclinical Department Faculty of MedicineUniversiti Kuala LumpurRoyal College of Medicine Perak30450IpohMalaysia Department of Medical Biochemistry Dr A.L Mudaliar Institute of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of MadrasTaramaniChennai 600113India

Objective:To explore the combinatorial effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG)and calorie restriction on activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2),a transcription factor involved in the antioxidant defense system of aged ***:Aged male Wistar rats were calorie-restricted and treated with EGCG orally for 45 *** initial body weight of aged rats was recorded,and the final body weight was measured at the end of the experimental *** lipid and lipoprotein status,oxidative stress markers such as free radicals and malondialdehyde levels,and reduced glutathione were *** addition,RT-PCR and Western blotting analyses were ***:Calorie restriction potentiated the effect of EGCG on enhancing antioxidant status,improving the levels of serum lipid and lipoproteins,upregulating Nrf2 and Bcl2,and downregulating Keap1,cullin3,Bax and cytochrome c in aged ***:Calorie restriction can promote EGCG-mediated Nrf2 activation in aged *** preliminary finding paves the way for a combinatory approach to replenishing the antioxidant status during aging,thereby reducing the risk for age-associated degenerative diseases.

关键词： Aging Reactive oxygen species Calorie restriction EGCG Nrf2 Antioxidant

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Non-uniform slot suction/injection into mixed convection boundary layer flow over vertical cone

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2013年第11期34卷 1327-1338页

作者： R. ravindran M. GANAPATHIRAO Department of Mathematics National Institute of Technology

The aim of this work is to study the effect of non-uniform single and double slot suction/injection into a steady mixed convection boundary layer flow over a vertical cone, while the axis of the cone is inline with the flow. The governing boundary layer equations are transformed into a non-dimensional form by a group of non-similar trans- formations. The resulting coupled non-linear partial differential equations are solved nu- merically by employing the quasi-linearization technique and an implicit finite-difference scheme. Numerical computations are performed for different values of the dimensionless parameters to display the velocity and temperature profiles graphically. Also, numerical results are presented for the skin friction and heat transfer coefficients. Results indicate that the skin friction and heat transfer coefficients increase with non-uniform slot suction, but the effect of non-uniform slot injection is just opposite.

关键词： mixed convection surface mass transfer non-uniform slot suction singleand double slot vertical cone

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Processing and characterization of polymer precursor derived silicon oxycarbide ceramic foams and compacts

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2013年第4期2卷 318-324页

作者： Srinivasan NEDUNCHEZHIAN ravindran SUJITH Ravi KUMAR Materials Processing Section Department of Metallurgical and Materials EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai 600036Tamil NaduIndia

This work focused on the fabrication of silicon oxycarbide ceramic(SiOC)foams as well as dense compacts using poly(hydridomethylsiloxane)(PHMS)as a polymer *** room-temperature cross-linking of PHMS was achieved by the addition of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane(DABCO)with the release of hydrogen gas as a *** resulted in self-blowing of the polymer precursor at room temperature and thereby offered the possibility of producing SiOC foams without the need of any external blowing *** also reported the fabrication of crack-free silicon oxycarbide compacts by cold compaction and pyrolysis route using polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)as a processing ***-shaped pellets were pyrolysed at 1300℃in argon atmosphere with a ceramic yield of approximately 85%.Increased resistance to phase separation and crystallization up to 1400℃was attributed to the presence of large volume fraction of free carbon in the material which was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy.

关键词： silicon oxycarbide foams 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane(DABCO) self-blown polymer poly(hydridomethylsiloxane)(PHMS)

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Effects of sonication amplitude on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91E magnesium alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第12期10卷 3397-3405页

作者： P.Emadi B.Andilab C.ravindran Centre for Near-net-shape Processing of Materials Ryerson University350 Victoria StreetTorontoON M5B 2K3 Canada

Light metals are gaining increased attention due to ecological sustainability concerns and strict emission regulations. Magnesium(Mg)is one such metal that has the potential to replace high density components, which can reduce emissions through lightweighting. However,the mechanical properties of Mg alloys must be improved for them to become viable candidates for structural applications. To this end, the current study examines the effect of sonication vibrational amplitude on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91E Mg *** molten alloys were subjected to ultrasonic treatment at a frequency of 20 kHz, 180 s of processing time and vibrational amplitudes ranging from 1.25 to 15 μm. The resultant castings were characterized using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and tensile testing. It was found that sonication with amplitudes up to 7.5 μm was able to effectively refine the secondary phases of the alloy. Similar trends were observed for grain size and yield strength. The refinement in microstructure was likely caused by the finer grain size and cavitation induced undercooling of the liquid metal. In addition, it was also noted that even the lowest level of amplitude(1.25 μm) was able to increase the density, improve the ultimate tensile strength and ductility of the castings. The tensile strength and ductility were thought to have been enhanced by ultrasonic degassing and refinement in microstructure, while the yield strength was improved through the Hall-Petch effect. The results from this study provided a basis for optimizing the sonication process and promoting its use in industry. As a result, Mg alloys improved through ultrasonic processing have the potential to replace higher density components, with consequent energy efficiency and environmental and ecological benefits.

关键词： Magnesium Casting and solidification Ultrasonic processing Vibrational amplitude Grain refinement Mechanical properties

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Throat aurora observed by DMSP/SSUSI in a global view

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第6期63卷 891-898页

作者： Su ZHOU Desheng HAN Sneha AGOKANI ravindran SELVAKUMARAN Yongliang ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology School of Ocean and Earth ScienceTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China State Key Laboratory of Space Weather Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Electronic and Communication Engineering Guiyang UniversityGuiyang 550005China The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory LaurelMD 20723USA

Throat aurora was defined based on the ground observations near local noon and has been suggested to be the ground signature of an indentation on the subsolar magnetopause.A global view of the auroral oval with throat aurora will be critical for inferring global processes at the magnetopause,but it has never been *** imaging spectrograph observations from Defense Meteorological Satellite Program satellites,for the first time,here we show typical throat auroras in a global view and reveal some important observational facts as follows.(1)The throat auroras can be as long as^8 degrees in latitudinal direction,which is hardly to be fully seen in the ground-based camera.(2)The plasma flows and field aligned currents associated with throat aurora show consistences with previous radar observations,which have been suggested to be the observational evidence of magnetopause reconnection.(3)Most importantly,we confirmed that the electron and ion precipitations associated with throat aurora are always spatially separated,i.e.,electrons in the east and ions in the *** observational results not only establish a new picture of the aurora oval near local noon,but also provide important support to a conceptual model of throat aurora.

关键词： Aurora Throat aurora Cusp Magnetopause indentation

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Regulation of Seed Germination:The Involvement of Multiple Forces Exerted via Gibberellic Acid Signaling

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Molecular Plant 2019年第10期12卷 24-26页

作者： Pratibha ravindran Prakash P.Kumar Department of Bioiogical Sciences National University of Singapore Singapore 117543Singapore

Seed germination is a key step in the life cycle of all seed plants, and it is of immense significance in *** is controlled by multiple environmental cues such as light and moisture,and endogenous factors,especially *** acid (GA)has long been identified as a critical hormone in the regulation of seed germination by countering the inhibition imposed by abscisic acid (ABA)(Holdsworth et al.,2008;Lee et al.,2010).

关键词： life plants Gibberellic acid

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