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Influence of water evaporation on elastohydrodynamic lubrication with water-containing polyalkylene glycols

Friction 2024年第10期12卷 2370-2388页

作者： Stefan HOFMANN Thomas LOHNER karsten stahl Technical University of Munich School of Engineering and DesignDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringGear Research Center(FZG)Boltzmannstraße 1585748 Garching near MunichGermany

The reduction of frictional power losses in power transmitting gears takes a crucial role in the design of energy-and resource-efficient ***-containing lubricants like glycerol and polyalkylene glycols have shown great potential in achieving friction within the superlubricity regime with coefficients of friction lower than 0.01 under elastohydrodynamic ***,a bio-based production of the base stocks can lead to the development of green ***,one challenge associated with the application of water-containing lubricants to gearboxes is the evaporation of water and its impact on the lubricant *** this study,the influence of water evaporation on elastohydrodynamic friction and film thickness was investigated for three water-containing polyalkylene *** nominal water contents of 20 wt%and 40 wt%and two viscosities were *** results show that the friction increases continuously with higher evaporated water content,while the overall friction level remains low in nearly water-free states.A similar trend is observed for film thickness,where the strong increase in viscosity results in a notable increase in film ***,the sensitivity of friction and film thickness to water evaporation is low for small amounts of evaporated *** allows generous thresholds for permissible variations in water content.

关键词： friction superlubricity aqueous lubrication elastohydrodynamic lubrication(EHL) evaporation polyalkylene glycol

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Running‑In Behavior of Wet Multi‑plate Clutches:Introduction of a New Test Method for Investigation and Characterization

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2020年第2期33卷 152-160页

作者： Katharina Voelkel Hermann Pflaum karsten stahl Gear Research Centre(FZG) Technical University of MunichGarchingGermany

Wet multi-plate clutches are relevant components of modern drivetrain applications,not only in terms of function but also safety and *** at the beginning of their lifetime,distinct changes of the friction behavior may occur and make the actuation of the clutch *** transcript describes the typical running-in behavior of wet multi-plate clutches and gives a general definition for running-in of ***,a new test method to systematically investigate the running-in behavior of clutches is *** test method contains a test procedure to characterize the running-in behavior on different load ***,a multi-stage procedure to evaluate and characterize the running-in behavior of clutches with mathematical approaches and new characteristic values is *** quality of the test method is demonstrated on the example of three different tribological systems from dual clutch transmissions(DCT)and automatic transmissions(AT)application using paper friction linings.

关键词： Clutch Running-in Test method Paper friction lining

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Numerical Visualization of Grease Flow in a Gearbox

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2023年第2期36卷 220-233页

作者： Hua Liu Florian Dangl Thomas Lohner karsten stahl School of Engineering&Design Department of Mechanical EngineeringTechnical University of MunichGear Research Center(FZG)BoltzmannstraBe1585748 Garching near MunichGermany

Lubricating greases are widely used in *** gear drives and gearboxes with difficult sealing *** efficiency and heat balance of grease-lubricated gearboxes depend strongly on the lubrication mechanisms channeling and circulating,for which the grease flow is *** computational fluid dynamics opens up the possibility to visualize and understand the grease flow in gearboxes in more *** this study,a single-stage gearbox lubricated with an NLGI 1-2 grease was modeled by the finite-volume method to numerically investigate the fluid *** show that the rotating gears influence the grease sump only locally around the *** a low grease fill volume,the rotation of the gears is widely separated from the grease *** a high grease fill volume,a pronounced geargrease interaction results in a circulating grease flow around the *** simulated grease distributions show good accordance with high-speed camera recordings.

关键词： Lubrication Grease Transmission Gearbox Computational fluid dynamics

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