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Continuous growth through winter correlates with increased resting metabolic rate but does not affect daily energy budgets due to torpor use

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Current Zoology 2021年第2期67卷 131-145页

作者： Jan S.BORATYNSKI karolina iwinska Paulina A.SZAFRANSKA Piotr CHIBOWSKI Wiestaw BOGDANOWICZ Mammal Research Institute Polish Academy of SciencesBiatowiezaPoland Faculty of Biology University of BiatystokBiatystokPoland Faculty of Biology Biological and Chemical Research CentreUniversity of WarsawWarszawaPoland Museum and Institute of Zoology Polish Academy of SciencesWarszawaPoland

Small mammals that are specialists in homeothermic thermoregulation reduce their self-maintenance costs of normothermy to survive the *** contrast,heterothermic ones that are considered generalists in thermoregulation can lower energy expenditure by entering *** is well known that different species vary the use of their strategies to cope with harsh winters in tem-perate zones;however,ittle is still known about the intraspecific variation within populations and the associated external and internal *** hypothesized that yellow-necked mice Apodemus flavicollis decrease their resting metabolic rate(RMR)from autumn to winter,and then increase it during ***,since the alternative for seasonal reduction of RMR could be the develop-ment of heterothermy,we also considered the use of this *** measured body mass(mp),RMR,and body temperature(Tb)of mice during 2 consecutive *** the 1st year,mice decreased whole animal RMR in winter,but did not do so in the 2nd *** mice entered torpor during the 2nd winter,whereas only a few did so during the first *** showed a continuous in-crease of mb,which was steepest during the 2nd *** relationship between RMR and mb var-ied among seasons and years most likely due to different mouse development *** mb gain at the individual level was correlated positively with RMR and *** indicates that high metabolism in winter supports the growth of smaller animals,which use torpor as a compen-satory *** composition of mice hair suggests that in the 1st year they fed mainly on seeds,while in the 2nd,they likely consumed significant amounts of less digestible *** study suggests that the use of specialist or generalist thermoregulatory strategies can differ with environmental variation and associated differences in developmental processes.

关键词： growth rate heterothermy phenotypic fexibiliy resting metabolic rate torpor

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Genistein:a possible solution for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2903-2905页

作者： karolina Pierzynowska Bartosz Karaszewski Grzegorz Węgrzyn Department of Molecular Biology University of GdanskGdanskPoland Gdansk Polandand Department of Adult NeurologyFaculty of MedicineMedical University of GdanskGdanskPoland

Neurodegenerative diseases are defined as disorders resulting from the slow and progressive loss of function and eventual death of neural cells that result from the primary pathology of nervous *** can lead to severe nervous system dysfunction,eventually affecting multiple organs and *** hundred neurodegenerative diseases have been described,and owing to their prevalence,severity.

关键词： organs Alzheimer death

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Modern approaches for detection of volatile organic compounds in metabolic studies focusing on pathogenic bacteria:Current state of the art

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第4期14卷 483-505页

作者： karolina Zuchowska Wojciech Filipiak Department of Pharmacodynamics and Molecular Pharmacology Faculty of PharmacyCollegium Medicum in BydgoszczNicolaus Copernicus University in Torun85-089 BydgoszczPoland

Pathogenic microorganisms produce numerous metabolites,including volatile organic compounds(VOCs).Monitoring these metabolites in biological matrices(e.g.,urine,blood,or breath)can reveal the presence of specific microorganisms,enabling the early diagnosis of infections and the timely implementation of tar-geted ***,complex matrices only contain trace levels of VOCs,and their constituent com-ponents can hinder determination of these ***,modern analytical techniques enabling the non-invasive identification and precise quantification of microbial VOCs are *** this paper,we discuss bacterial VOC analysis under in vitro conditions,in animal models and disease diagnosis in humans,including techniques for offline and online analysis in clinical *** also consider the advantages and limitations of novel microextraction techniques used to prepare biological samples for VOC analysis,in addition to reviewing current clinical studies on bacterial volatilomes that address inter-species in-teractions,the kinetics of VOC metabolism,and species-and drug-resistance specificity.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds Pathogenic bacteria metabolites Metabolomics Microextraction techniques Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry In vivo breath analysis In vitro model

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Immune-modulating therapy in acute pancreatitis:Fact or fiction

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第41期20卷 15200-15215页

作者： karolina Akinosoglou Charalambos Gogos Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases University General Hospital of Patras

Acute pancreatitis(AP) is one of the most common diseases of the gastrointestinal tract,bearing significant morbidity and mortality *** treatment of AP remains unspecific and supportive and is mainly targeted to aggressively prevent systemic complications and organ failure by intensive *** acute pancreatitis shares an indistinguishable profile of inflammation with sepsis,therapeutic approaches have turned towards modulating the systemic inflammatory ***,among others,have included pro- and antiinflammatory modulators,cytokines,chemokines,immune cells,adhesive molecules and *** though,initial results in experimental models have been encouraging,clinical implementation of immuneregulating therapies in acute pancreatitis has had a slow *** reasons include difficulty in clinical translation of experimental data,poor understanding of inflammatory response time-course,flaws in experimental designs,need for multimodal approaches and commercial *** immune-modulation in acute pancreatitis remains a fact or just fiction remains to be seen in the future.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Immune-modulation Systemic inflammatory response syndrome Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

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Adipokinetic hormones control amylase activity in the cockroach （Periplaneta americana） gut

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Insect Science 2017年第2期24卷 259-269页

作者： karolina Bodlakova Pavel Jedlicka Dalibor Kodrik Gymnasium Ceska 64 370 21 Ceske Budejovice Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry CAS Flemingovo sq. 2 166 10 Prague Institute of Entomology Biology Centre CAS and Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia Branisovska 31 370 05 Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic

This study examined the biochemical characteristics of a-amylase and hor- monal （adipokinetic hormone： AKH） stimulation of a-amylase activity in the cockroach （Periplaneta americana） midgut. We applied two AKHs in vivo and in vitro, then measured resultant amylase activity and gene expression, as well as the expression of AKH receptor （AKHR）. The results revealed that optimal amylase activity is characterized by the follow- ing： pH： 5.7, temperature： 38.4 ℃, Km （Michaelis-Menten constant）： 2.54 mg starch/mL, and Vmax （maximum reaction velocity）： 0.185 μmol maltose/mL/min. In vivo application of AKHs resulted in significant increase of amylase activity： by two-fold in the gastric caeca and 4-7 fold in the rest of the midgut. In vitro experiments supported results seen in vivo： a 24-h incubation with the hormones resulted in the increase of amylase activity by 1.4 times in the caeca and 4-9 times in the midgut. Further, gene expression analyses reveal that AKt-IR is expressed in both the caeca and the rest of the midgut, although expression levels in the former were 23 times higher than levels in the latter. A similar pattern was found for the amylase （AMY） gene. Hormonal treatment did not affect the expression of either gene. This study is the first to provide evidence indicating direct AKH stimulation of digestive enzyme activity in the insect midgut, supported by specific AKHR gene expression in this organ.

关键词： AKH AKH receptor amylase enzyme gene expression midgut

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Perception of privacy and data protection in the context of the development of artificial intelligence

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Journal of Management Analytics 2019年第4期6卷 344-364页

作者： Grzegorz Mazurek karolina Małagocka Marketing Department Kozminski UniversityWarsawPoland

Customer privacy perception and the principles of its regulatory protection determine how the tech sector is operating,striking a new balance between economic winners and ***,not all countries that are leaders in the latest technologies are strongly in favor of flexible and pro-business *** can be clearly seen in the field of artificial intelligence(AI).Self-regulation as a key strategic approach to AI may be seen as an essential factor of broader implementation of AI *** purpose of this paper is to present approaches to AI while indicating the differences that result from the understanding of privacy,increasing customers privacy concerns and regulations related to data privacy which come together with official administrative *** impact of AI implementation on relationships between customers and companies has been emphasized and analyzed in the context of regulations and customer perception of privacy.

关键词： artificial intelligence online privacy data privacy data protection

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Dissecting the multifactorial nature of demyelinating disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第4期13卷 628-632页

作者： karolina Kucharova William B.Stallcup Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute Cancer Center Tumor Microenvironment and Cancer Immunology ProgramLa Jolla CA USA

Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan-4（CSPG4） is a surface component of two key cell types（oligodendrocyte progenitor cells（OPCs） and myeloid cells） present in lysolecithin-induced lesions in mouse spinal *** types of CSPG4 manipulations have been used to study the roles of these cells in myelin damage and repair：（1） OPC and myeloid-specific ablation of CSPG4,and（2） transplantation of enhanced green fluorescent protein（EGFP）-labeled progenitors to distinguish between bone marrow-derived macrophages and resident *** of CSPG4 in OPCs does not affect myelin damage,but decreases myelin repair,due to reduced proliferation of CSPG4-null OPCs that diminishes generation of mature oligodendrocytes for *** of CSPG4 in myeloid cells greatly decreases recruitment of macrophages to spinal cord lesions,resulting in smaller initial lesions,but also in significantly diminished myelin *** the absence of macrophage recruitment,OPC proliferation is greatly impaired,again leading to decreased generation of myelinating *** may promote OPC proliferation via phagocytosis of myelin debris and/or secretion of factors that stimulate OPC *** are not able to substitute for macrophages in promoting OPC *** additional feature of lesions in myeloid-specific CSPG4 null mice is the persistence of poorly-differentiated platelet-derived growth factor receptor α（PDGFRα）＋ macrophages that may prolong damage.

关键词： myelin damage myelin repair chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 oligodendrocyte progenitors macrophages microglia Cre-Lox technology bone marrow transplantation

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Multiple factors correlating with wing malformations in the population of Parnassius apollo (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) restituted from a low number of individuals: A mini review

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Insect Science 2019年第3期26卷 380-387页

作者： karolina Pierzynowska Marta Skowron Volponi Grzegorz Wegrzyn Department of Molecular Biology University of Gdansk Gdansk Poland

The Apollo butterfly, Parnassius apollo (Linnaeus), was common in Europe over 100 years ago, but currently it is considered as near threatened. Different conservation programs have promoted the persistence of this species;however, it is still endangered. An example of such programs was the action devoted to reestablish the Apollo butterfly population in Pieniny National Park (Poland) from only 20-30 individuals which had survived till the last decade of the 20th century. This reintroduction has been successful;however, unexpected developmental problems appeared. Butterflies with deformed or reduced wings became frequent in the population living in the natural habitat, and particularly among those reared under seminatural conditions (in the same environment, but fenced by a net). Until recently, reasons for these malformations remained unknown. However, reports published during last months indicated that there are genetic, biochemical, and microbiological factors contributing to this phenomenon. In the malformed individuals, lesions in the wingless gene and dysfunctions of laccase 1 and 2 were found to be significantly more frequent than in normal insects. A large fraction of butterflies with deformed or reduced wings was devoid of the prokaryotic symbiont Wolbachia, which was present in most normal individuals. Moreover, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (Pfeiffer) Smith and Thai, and Serratia sp., bacteria pathogenic to insects, were detected in the biological material from both normal and malformed butterflies from this population. These findings are summarized and discussed in this review, in the light of conservation of insects and restitution of their populations from a low number of individuals.

关键词： Apollo butterfly laccases malformed wings population reconstitution wingless gene Wolbachia

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Effect of CD14/TLR4 antagonist on GnRH/LH secretion in ewe during central inflammation induced by intracerebroventricular administration of LPS

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第4期9卷 858-867页

作者： karolina Haziak Andrzej Przemyslaw Herman karolina Wojtulewicz Bartosz Pawlina Kamila Paczesna Joanna Bochenek Dorota Tomaszewska-Zaremba The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition Polish Academy of Sciences05-110 JablonnaPoland

Background: Immune stress induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) influences the gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH)/luteinizing hormone(LH) secretion. Presence of LPS interacting Toll-like receptor(TLR) 4 in the hypothalamus may enable the direct action of LPS on the GnRH/LH secretion. So, the aim of the study was to investigate the influence of intracerebroventricular(icv) injection of TLR4 antagonist on GnRH/LH secretion in anestrous ewes during LPS-induced central inflammation. Animals were divided into three groups icv-treated with: Ringer-Locke solution, LPS and TLR4 antagonist followed by ***: It was demonstrated that TLR4 antagonist reduced LPS-dependent suppression of GnRH gene expression in the preoptic area and in the medial basal hypothalamus, and suppression of receptor for GnRH gene expression in the anterior pituitary gland. It was also shown that TLR4 antagonist reduced suppression of LH release caused by icv injection of LPS. Central administration of LPS stimulated TLR4 gene expression in the medial basal ***: It was indicated that blockade of TLR4 prevents the inhibitory effect of centrally acting LPS on the GnRH/LH secretion. This suggests that some negative effects of bacterial infection on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity at the hypothalamic level may be caused by central action of LPS acting through TLR4.

关键词： Ewe GnRH LH LPS TLR4 antagonist

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Effectiveness of Bilateral Pulmonary Artery Banding in Patients with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome and Congenital Heart Defects with a Functional Single Ventricle: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

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Congenital Heart Disease 2022年第3期17卷 365-374页

作者： Vitaliy Suvorov Vladimir Zaitcev karolina Andrzejczyk Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University Saint-PetersburgRussia Academisch Medisch Centrum Universiteit van Amsterdam AmsterdamNetherlands

Background:Bilateral banding of the branches of the pulmonary artery in patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome(HLHS)and other duct dependent critical neonatal heart malformations can significantly reduce the incidence of severe complications in the postoperative period,especially in severely unstable *** our study we compared different surgical techniques of bilateral pulmonary artery banding(PAB)in respect to their success in balancing systemic and pulmonary blood ***:We included 44 neonates with a HLHS and congenital heart diseases(CHD)with a functional single ventricle underwent a hybrid operation:bilateral PAB and patent ductus arteriosus *** hybrid surgery for method No.1 is performed as a one-stage procedure,together with patent ductus arteriosus(PDA)*** median sternotomy,two Gore-Tex 1–2 mm wide bands with a diameter of 3–3.5 mm are *** we apply method No.2 then the thread is used to create *** No.3 is distinguished by intraoperative assessment of blood flow at the site of narrowing of the branches of the pulmonary artery and optional stenting of the *** cuff for banding is made of Gore-Tex *** when applying method Nos.1 and 2 is assessed by the change in invasive blood pressure and oxygen saturation after narrowing of the branches of the pulmonary ***,with these techniques PDA stenting by inserting the introducer via pulmonary artery trunk is ***:HLHS with mitral or aortic valve atresia or both was present in 19 patients(43.1%),with severe left heart obstruction resulting in PDA dependent systemic circulation in 16 babies(36.4%).CHD with single ventricle physiology occurred in 9 patients(20.5%).14 babies(31.8%)undergo the procedure following the method No.1,8 patients(18.2%)method No.2 and 22 patients(50%)method ***/Qs=1/1 was achieved in 30 patients(30/44,68.1%):as a result of the method No.1 was achieved in 5 patients(5/14,35.7%),method No.2 in 4 patien

关键词： Bilateral banding hybrid Norwood procedure pulmonary banding hybrid approach HLHS surgery single ventricle

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