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Oscillation and Surface Mark Patterns in Slab Casting

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Oscillation and Surface Mark Patterns in Slab Casting

Diagnostic delay in inflammatory bowel diseases in a German population

The 4th International Conference on Continuous Casting of Steel in Developing Countries

作者： karl-hermann tacke AG der Dillinger Huttenwerke EO.Box 1580D-66748 Dillingen/SaarGermany

Transverse surface cracks are caused by stresses and strains during casting and occur mostly in oscillation marks. Classical theory relates the depth of marks to the negative strip time and predicts the pitch of marks as given by the mould *** of mark spacing and depth under thick slab casting conditions at low casting speeds offers a chance to extend the knowledge into previously unexplored ranges.A large data set of profilometer sections from various casting parameters and some very long samples have been analyzed with respect to mark pitch and *** results are contrasted with the classical theory of oscillation *** conclusions on the mechanism of mark formation are drawn.

关键词： continuous casting oscillation marks mould cycle profilometer depth pitch negative strip time casting speed carbon content thick slab casting spectral analysis chill cast surfaces ripple marks meniscus fluctuations

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第29期30卷 3465-3478页

作者： Elisabeth Blüthner Annalena Dehe Carsten Büning Britta Siegmund Matthias Prager Jochen Maul Alexander Krannich Jan Preiß Bertram Wiedenmann Florian Rieder Raneem Khedraki Frank tacke Andreas Sturm Anja Schirbel Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus CharitéMitteCharité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlin 10117Germany Department of Gastroenterology Vivantes Klinikum im FriedrichshainBerlin 10249Germany Department of Internal Medicine Krankenhaus WaldfriedeBerlin 14163Germany Department of Gastroenterology Infectious Diseases and RheumatologyCharité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlin 12203Germany Praxis für Gastroenterologie Berlin Zehlendorf Berlin 14195Germany Gastroenterologie am Bayrischen Platz Berlin 10825Germany Clinical Trial Office Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlin 10117Germany Department of Gastroenterology Diabetology and HepatologyVivantes Klinikum NeuköllnBerlin 10117Germany Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDigestive Diseases and Surgery InstituteThe Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Internal Medicine DRK Kliniken Berlin WestendBerlin 14050Germany Gastroenterologie im Havelland Straße der EinheitFalkensee 14612Germany

BACKGROUND Early diagnosis is key to prevent bowel damage in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Risk factor analyses linked with delayed diagnosis in European IBD patients are scarce and no data in German IBD patients *** To identify risk factors leading to prolonged diagnostic time in a German IBD *** Between 2012 and 2022,430 IBD patients from four Berlin hospitals were enrolled in a prospective study and asked to complete a 16-item questionnaire to determine features of the path leading to IBD *** diagnostic time was defined as the time from symptom onset to consulting a physician(patient waiting time)and from first consultation to IBD diagnosis(physician diagnostic time).Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors for each time *** The total diagnostic time was significantly longer in Crohn’s disease(CD)compared to ulcerative colitis(UC)patients(12.0 vs 4.0 mo;P<0.001),mainly due to increased physician diagnostic time(5.5 vs 1.0 mo;P<0.001).In a multivariate analysis,the predominant symptoms diarrhea(P=0.012)and skin lesions(P=0.028)as well as performed gastroscopy(P=0.042)were associated with longer physician diagnostic time in CD *** UC,fever was correlated(P=0.020)with shorter physician diagnostic time,while fatigue(P=0.011)and positive family history(P=0.046)were correlated with longer physician diagnostic *** We demonstrated that CD patients compared to UC are at risk of long diagnostic *** efforts should focus on shortening the diagnostic delay for a better outcome in these patients.

关键词： Diagnostic time Diagnostic delay Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Germany

Epidemiology of liver diseases:global disease burden and forecasted research trends

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Jia Xiao Fei Wang Yuan Yuan Jinhang Gao Lu Xiao Chao Yan Feifei Guo Jiajun Zhong Zhaodi Che Wei Li Tian Lan Frank tacke Vijay H.Shah Cui Li Hua Wang Erdan Dong Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic Department of Health Sciences National Natural Science Foundation of China Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province Anhui Medical University Research Center for Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Qingdao Hospital(Qingdao Municipal Hospital) School of Health and Life Sciences University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine Peking University Third Hospital State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling Peking University Department of Gastroenterology Qingdao Central Hospital University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University Division of Gastroenterology Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University School of Biological Sciences Jinan University Aier Institute of Ophthalmology Central South University Lab of Gastroenterology and Hepatology West China Hospital Sichuan University Clinical Medicine Research Institute and Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Toho University Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Charité-Universit?tsmedizin Berlin Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte

We assessed the global incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs) associated with various liver diseases, including alcohol-related liver disease(ALD), hepatitis B/C virus infections(HBV or HCV), liver cancer, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD), and other chronic liver diseases, from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study. Additionally, we analyzed the global trends in hepatology research and drug development. From 2000 to 2019, prevalence rates increased for ALD, MASLD and other liver diseases, while they decreased for HBV, HCV, and liver cancer. Countries with a high socio-demographic index(SDI) exhibited the lowest mortality rates and DALYs. The burden of liver diseases varied due to factors like sex and region. In nine representative countries, MASLD,along with hepatobiliary cancer, showed highest increase in funding in hepatology research. Globally, the major research categories in hepatology papers from 2000 to 2019 were cancer, pathobiology, and MASLD. The United States(U.S.) was at the forefront of hepatology research, with China gradually increasing its influence over time. Hepatologists worldwide are increasingly focusing on studying the communication between the liver and other organs, while underestimating the research on ALD. Cancer, HCV, and MASLD were the primary diseases targeted for therapeutic development in clinical trials. However, the proportion of new drugs approved for the treatment of liver diseases was relatively low among all newly approved drugs in the U.S., China, Japan, and the European Union. Notably, there were no approved drug for the treatment of ALD in the world.

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Hepatic macrophages in homeostasis and liver diseases： from pathogenesis to novel therapeutic strategies

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2016年第3期13卷 316-327页

作者： Cynthia Ju Frank tacke Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Integrated Immunology University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora USA Department of Medicine III UniversityHospital Aachen Aachen Germany

Macrophages represent a major cell type of innate immunity and have emerged as a critical player and therapeutic target in many chronic inflammatory diseases. Hepatic macrophages consist of Kupffer cells, which are originated from the fetal yolk-sack, and infiltrated bone marrow-derived monocytes/macrophages. Hepatic macrophages play a central role in maintaining homeostasis of the liver and in the pathogenesis of liver injury, making them an attractive therapeutic target for liver diseases. However, the various populations of hepatic macrophages display different phenotypes and exert distinct functions. Thus, more research is required to better understand these cells to guide the development of macrophage-based therapeutic interventions. This review article will summarize the current knowledge on the origins and composition of hepatic macrophages, their functions in maintaining hepatic homeostasis, and their involvement in both promoting and resolving liver inflammation, injury, and fibrosis. Finally, the current strategies being developed to target hepatic macrophages for the treatment of liver diseases will be reviewed.

关键词： macrophage chemokine liver fibrosis monocyte microbiome

Interleukin-33 in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis： alarming ILC2 and hepatic stellate cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第2期14卷 143-145页

作者： Ralf Weiskirchen Frank tacke Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC) University Hospital RWTH Aachen Aachen D-52074 Germany Department of Medicine III University Hospital RWTH Aachen Aachen D-52074 Germany

Interleukin-33 （IL-33）, a cytokine of the IL-1 family, has been implicated inthe pathogenesis of liver fibrosis for quite some time. Indeed, IL-33 expression is upregulated in both human and murine hepatic fibrosis.1,2 To date, it is believed that IL-33 serves as an ‘alarmi’ released by stressed hepatocytes. IL-33 then attracts type 2 innate lymphoid cells （ILC）, which trigger the profibrogenic activation of hepatic stellate cells via mediators such as IL-13.

关键词： IL-33 ST2 PATHWAY MICE

Hepatic macrophages in liver homeostasis and diseasesdiversity,plasticity and therapeutic opportunities

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第1期18卷 45-56页

作者： Yankai Wen Joeri Lambrecht Cynthia Ju Frank tacke Department of Anesthesiology McGovern Medical SchoolUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTXUSA Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Charity University Medicine BerlinBerlinGermany

Macrophages,which are key cellular components of the liver,have emerged as essential players in the maintenance of hepatic homeostasis and in injury and repair processes in acute and chronic liver *** liver injury,resident Kupffer cells(KCs)sense disturbances in homeostasis,interact with hepatic cell populations and release chemokines to recruit circulating leukocytes,including monocytes,which subsequently differentiate into monocyte-derived macrophages(MoMφs)in the *** KCs and MoMφs contribute to both the progression and resolution of tissue inflammation and injury in various liver *** diversity of hepatic macrophage subsets and their plasticity explain their different functional responses in distinct liver *** this review,we highlight novel findings regarding the origins and functions of hepatic macrophages and discuss the potential of targeting macrophages as a therapeutic strategy for liver disease.

关键词： Kupffer cells monocyte-derived macrophages liver inflammation liver fibrosis liver cancer

Somatic mutant clone screening: scan for novel NASH target genes in mouse liver

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第9期8卷 3902-3903页

作者： Tian Lan Adrien Guillot Frank tacke Lab of Gastroenterology and Hepatology State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina Department of Gastroenterology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina Department of Hepatology&Gastroenterology Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinCampus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus CharitéMitteBerlinGermany

In a landmark study recently published in Cell,Wang et *** a novel method of somatic adeno-associated virus(AAV)-transposon in vivo clonal screening(termed MOSAICS),which is capable to generate multiple mutant hepatocyte clones within the same tissue and thereby to scan for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)target genes(Fig.1).1 Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the most common liver disease affecting about 20–30%of the global population and associated with metabolic *** can progress to NASH,characterized by liver inflammation,steatosis and hepato-cyte ballooning,and NAFLD/NASH can lead to fibrosis,cirrhosis,and ultimately liver *** decades,researchers have been seeking to understand its pathogenesis and to discover ther-apeutic strategies to treat NAFLD/***,up to now,there is still no specific pharmacotherapy available.

关键词： balloon NAFLD inflammation

The socioeconomic aspects of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:food insecurity as a novel risk factor for steatosis and liver fibrosis

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第4期9卷 543-545页

作者： Josephine Frohme Frank tacke Department of Hepatology&Gastroenterology CharitéUniversity Medicine BerlinBerlinGermany

Over the last decade,the global prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in both adults and children was rapidly increasing and has become the most common cause of chronic liver disease in many parts of the *** is predicted to become also the most frequent indication for liver transplantation by 2030 and fueling the rising incidence and prevalence of primary liver cancer in western countries(1,2).

关键词： liver prevalence NAFLD

Next-Generation Imaging: New Insights from Multicolor Microscopy in Liver Biology and Disease

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Engineering 2022年第2期8卷 17-21页

作者： Felix Heymann Adrien Guillot Moritz Peiseler Frank tacke Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Charité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlin 13353Germany

*** Our current understanding of the complex biology of solid organs,such as the liver,has been tremendously advanced by a wide variety of methodological approaches based on cell biology,biochemistry,molecular biology,and *** methods such as the morphological assessment of tissue structure by histology and immunohistochemistry have generated valuable knowledge and revealed improved treatment options for various liver ***,due to recent technological advances,it has been possible to gain deeper insights into physiological and pathological tissue organization,as well as dynamic processes taking place in *** novel methods include single-cell tar-geted transcriptome analysis,mass spectrometry-based metabolite and protein expression studies,and considerable advances in two-and three-dimensional(2D/3D)*** commentary will briefly review the recent progress that has been made in the field of imaging-based liver research,highlighting the novel possibilities of high-dimensional,multiparametric imaging in two and three dimensions,as well as those of dynamic time-lapse in vitro and in vivo imaging(Fig.1).We will also highlight some potential applications of these techniques for specific research questions in liver biology and disease.

关键词： organs dimensions advances