检索结果-南通市图书馆

环球科学 2024年第15期 68-74页

作者：本亚明·舍费尔马克·蒂默郭众(翻译) 德国卡尔斯鲁厄理工学院德国德累斯顿工业大学不详

为了将德国南部的风电送到北部,德国现有的电网必须得到扩充。大部分新增线路都能改善电网,但并非所有线路都是这样。在某些情况下,它们甚至会带来危害。这篇来自《科学美国人》德文版的文章,为我们讲述了德国电网面临的困境,以及他们... 详细信息

为了将德国南部的风电送到北部,德国现有的电网必须得到扩充。大部分新增线路都能改善电网,但并非所有线路都是这样。在某些情况下,它们甚至会带来危害。这篇来自《科学美国人》德文版的文章,为我们讲述了德国电网面临的困境,以及他们的应对策略。

关键词：德国电网应对策略德国南部德文版线路面临的困境

Killer on the road?—cells from pancreatic preneoplastic lesions disseminate through pancreatic ducts on their way to cancer

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2019年第4期8卷 392-394页

作者： Heiner schafer Arne Traulsen Susanne Sebens Institute for Experimental Cancer Research Kiel University&University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus KielKielGermany Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology PlonGermany

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is ranked the fourth most common cause of cancer related deaths in western countries with a 5-year survival rate of less than 8% (1). It is estimated to be even the second most common cause by 2030 as there are no successful treatment options (2). Due to the lack of early and specific symptoms as well as non-invasive biomarkers, the majority of patients is diagnosed at an advanced and already metastasized disease stage, where palliative treatment remains the only option (3). Thus, in order to improve the dismal prognosis of PDAC patients, a much better understanding of PDAC evolution is urgently needed allowing earlier detection of the disease and providing novel therapeutic modalities. It is well appreciated that the most common precursor lesion of PDAC is the pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) (4). According to the progression model (5,6) and supported by genetic studies, PanINs develop from low-grade to high-grade lesions finally leading to an invasive carcinoma. This progression is characterized and driven by the acquisition of genetic (and epigenetic) alterations. In fact, mutations in the oncogene kras, being one of the earliest genetic alterations, are present in 99% of even early low-grade PanINs (PanIN1) (5,6). In resected PDAC tissues, PanINs are often found in and around the tumor mass (7). Genetic analysis revealed that PanINs and adjacent carcinoma tissues share many common mutations albeit some mutations are apparently acquired not until the carcinoma stage (8,9). These data indicate that PDAC may;origin from neighboring PanINs. However, the biology and genetic relationship between PanINs and PDAC and thereby PDAC evolution is still poorly understood.

关键词： alterations Killer thereby

Understanding electricity prices beyond the merit order principle using explainable AI

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Energy and AI 2023年第3期13卷 149-159页

作者： Julius Trebbien Leonardo Rydin Gorjao Aaron Praktiknjo Benjamin schafer Dirk Witthaut Forschungszentrum Julich Institute for Energy and Climate Research–Systems Analysis and Technology Evaluation(IEK-STE)52428 JülichGermany University of Cologne Institute for Theoretical PhysicsZülpicher Str.7750937 CologneGermany Faculty of Science and Technology Norwegian University of Life Sciences1432 AsNorway Chair for Energy System Economics Institute for Future Energy Consumer Needs and Behavior(FCN)E.ON Energy Research CenterRWTH Aachen UniversityMathieustr.1052074 AachenGermany Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology76344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany JARA-ENERGY 52074 AachenGermany

Electricity prices in liberalized markets are determined by the supply and demand for electric power,which are in turn driven by various external influences that vary strongly in *** perfect competition,the merit order principle describes that dispatchable power plants enter the market in the order of their marginal costs to meet the residual load,*** difference of load and renewable *** market models are based on this principle when attempting to predict electricity prices,yet the principle is fraught with assumptions and simplifications and thus is limited in accurately predicting *** this article,we present an explainable machine learning model for the electricity prices on the German day-ahead market which foregoes of the aforementioned assumptions of the merit order *** model is designed for an ex-post analysis of prices and builds on various external *** SHapley Additive exPlanation(SHAP)values we disentangle the role of the different features and quantify their importance from empiric data,and therein circumvent the limitations inherent to the merit order *** show that load,wind and solar generation are the central external features driving prices,as expected,wherein wind generation affects prices more than solar ***,fuel prices also highly affect prices,and do so in a nontrivial ***,large generation ramps are correlated with high prices due to the limited flexibility of nuclear and lignite ***,we offer a model that describes the influence of the main drivers of electricity prices in Germany,taking us a step beyond the limited merit order principle in explaining the drivers of electricity prices and their relation to each other.

关键词： Electricity prices Merit order principle Explainable artificial intelligence Machine learning Fuel prices Energy market

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

无位置传感器开关磁阻电机初始位置检测方法

中国电机工程学报 2009年第24期29卷 91-97页

作者：刘卫国宋受俊 Uwe schafer 西北工业大学自动化学院陕西省西安市710072 柏林工业大学电气工程及计算机科学学院德国柏林14195

以开关磁阻电机(switched reluctance machine,SRM)的非线性模型为仿真平台,给出一种用于检测SRM转子初始角位置的新方法,向电机各相注入一定幅值的方波电压,利用相电流峰值及其与转子角位置之间的解析关系式求出转子的初始角位置,从而... 详细信息

以开关磁阻电机(switched reluctance machine,SRM)的非线性模型为仿真平台,给出一种用于检测SRM转子初始角位置的新方法,向电机各相注入一定幅值的方波电压,利用相电流峰值及其与转子角位置之间的解析关系式求出转子的初始角位置,从而实现转子处于任何位置时的快速无反转起动。同时,对该位置检测方法的鲁棒性进行了研究,得到了预估相的选取原则。以一台三相6/4极SRM为对象进行了相关实验,实验结果验证了该位置检测方法的可行性及预估相选取原则的正确性。

关键词：开关磁阻电机非线性建模无位置传感器控制初始位置预估快速无反转起动鲁棒性

Hacked by Bits and Pieces: What Can We Learn from an Example of Corporate Espionage?

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Information Security 2021年第3期12卷 224-231页

作者： Jack schafer Marvin karlins Western Illinois University Macomb USA MUMA School of Busines University of South Florida Tampa USA

Information security often involves the development and application of sophisticated software to protect sensitive information stored in corporate computers. Yet, in this example of corporate espionage, a clever person, a cellphone and some readily available software were all it took to crack through one company’s advanced security barriers. By reading this article it is hoped that employees at all levels of an organization’s hierarchy will become more aware of—and recognize—how: 1) bits and pieces of seemingly harmless and easy-to-acquire information can be used for sinister purposes;2) building rapport and trust with a person can make them more likely to become unknowing co-conspirators in a devious undertaking;and 3) how one must be constantly alert not to give out information without carefully considering the authenticity and justification of the source requesting it.

关键词： Cyber Security Hacking Social Engineering Scams Corporate Espionage

Characterization of Atomization Processes in Suspension/Emulsion Sprays

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2016年第4期10卷 223-230页

作者： Walter schafer Cameron Tropea Research & Development Department Advanced Optical Measurement Systems GmbH Darmstadt-Griesheim 64347 Germany Institute of Fluid Mechanics and Aerodynamics Technische Universitat Darmstadt Darmstadt 64287 Germany

The characterization of suspension/emulsion sprays plays a decisive role in many industrial processes. A good example of such a process is the drying of a milk spray to produce milk powder, where the process efficiency and product quality is typically controlled by atomization parameters like flow rate, pressure, etc.. However, these parameters influence directly the droplet size and droplet velocity distributions in a spray, so that optimizing a spray drying process often involves adjusting the spray to a desired droplet size and droplet velocity distribution. This requires a measurement technique capable of characterizing in real time, the droplets in a suspension/emulsion spray. To achieve this aim, we present developments to the well-known time-shift technique for spray measurements.

关键词： Milk spray suspension emulsion measurement drop size drop velocity time-shift.

NaMYB8 regulates distinct,optimally distributed herbivore defense traits

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2017年第12期59卷 844-850页

作者： Martin schafer Christoph Brutting Shuqing Xu Zhihao Ling Anke Steppuhn lan T.Baldwin Meredith C.Schuman Department of Molecular Ecology Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical EcologyHans-Knoll-Str.807745 JenaGermany Molecular Ecology Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences(DCPS)Institute of BiologyFreie Universitat(FU)BerlinHaderslebener Str.912163 BerlinGermany

When herbivores attack, plants specifically reconfigure their metabolism. Herbivory on the wild tobacco Nicotiana attenuata strongly induces the R2R3 MYB transcriptional activator MYB8, which was reported to specifically regulate the accumulation of phenolamides （PAs）. We discovered that transcriptional regulation of trypsin protease inhibitors （TPIs） and a threonine deaminase （TD） also depend on MYB8 expression. Induced distributions of PAs, TD and TPIs all meet predictions of optimal defense theory： their leaf concentrations increase with the fitness value and the probability of attack of the tissue. Therefore, we suggest that these defensive compounds have evolved to be co-regulated by MYB8.

关键词： Figure TPI NaMYB8 regulates distinct,optimally distributed herbivore defense traits

Assessing Community Health Needs in a Rural Area: Determining Best Practices to Meet New Affordable Care Act Requirements

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Health 2015年第5期7卷 542-546页

作者： Elizabeth schafer Rebecca Smullin Dawson Global Health Studies Program Allegheny College Meadville USA

We conducted a review of the peer-reviewed literature focused on conducting community health needs assessments and highlighted the necessary steps to conduct a community health needs assessment in a rural community. From the literature review, we identified three steps necessary— establishing partnerships, using a mixed methods approach, and disseminating results—to successfully conduct a needs assessment that fitted the definition of the Affordable Care Act. These three steps have been used as a guide for developing a protocol for conducting a community health needs assessment in Meadville, PA. We detail our preliminary project protocol here.

关键词： Epidemiology Community Health

双片OSB覆面冷弯薄壁型钢墙体滞回性能研究

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建筑钢结构进展 2022年第3期24卷 72-79页

作者：刘朋钱哲王连广 schafer Benjamin 王元清沈阳工业大学建筑与土木工程学院沈阳110870 东北大学资源与土木工程学院沈阳110004 约翰霍普金斯大学土木工程系巴尔的摩21218 清华大学土木水利学院北京100084

为了研究墙体构造对双片OSB覆面冷弯薄壁型钢墙体滞回性能的影响,进行了单调和低周反复荷载下6个冷弯薄壁型钢墙体的试验研究,分析了边梁、石膏板及副龙骨等参数对墙体抗剪承载力、滞回性能及延性的影响,试验结果表明:边梁的存在使墙体... 详细信息

为了研究墙体构造对双片OSB覆面冷弯薄壁型钢墙体滞回性能的影响,进行了单调和低周反复荷载下6个冷弯薄壁型钢墙体的试验研究,分析了边梁、石膏板及副龙骨等参数对墙体抗剪承载力、滞回性能及延性的影响,试验结果表明:边梁的存在使墙体承载力提高了12%左右;内侧添加石膏板使组合墙的初始刚度提高了20%左右,但对延性比和极限承载力对应位移影响较小,说明试件荷载-位移曲线下降段的力学性能主要是依靠更强的OSB和冷弯型钢框架的连接;减小副龙骨的厚度和强度会降低组合墙的承载力、初始刚度及极限承载力对应位移。试件破坏集中在组合墙边立柱下部的1/3处、底部导轨及垂直板缝处,未见副龙骨局部屈曲破坏;试件破坏模式为螺钉左右倾斜并拔出OSB,组合墙角部出现螺钉剪断及OSB被撕裂。试件滞回曲线呈“捏缩”状,荷载-位移曲线下降段的承载力衰减和刚度退化明显,且耗能较低。

关键词：冷弯薄壁型钢墙体滞回性能 OSB 石膏板板缝

Symptoms and Their Interpretation in Patients Self-Treating Abdominal Cramping and Pain with a Spasmolytic(Butylscopolamine Bromide)—A Pharmacy-Based Survey

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2011年第2期2卷 82-87页

作者： Stefan Müller-Lissner Eckhard schafer Anke Kondla Park-Klinik Weissensee Charite-Universitatsmedizin BerlinGermany Boehringer Ingelheim IngelheimGermany

Background: A majority of people suffering from functional abdominal complaints treat themselves with OTC medication. Aim: To gain information on symptoms and their interpretation in patients self-treating abdominal cramping and pain with a spasmolytic (butylscopolamine). Method: 4,680 questionnaires were distributed by 306 pharmacists in Germany to patients suffering from abdominal complaints and buying butylscopolamine. Key findings: Questionnaires from 1,539 respondents were returned, and 1,417 could be evaluated. Abdominal cramping was the major reason for buying butylscopolamine. Only a minority of respondents had consulted a general practitioner (27.3%) and even less a specialist (12.5%). Only a minority of subjects met expert criteria for irritable bowel syndrome (13%). There was a large overlap between self-reported dysmenorrhoea and bowel symptoms (35%). Conclusions: Real life conditions do not seem to be well covered by expert criteria. Differentiating bowel origin from uterine origin in pelvic pain syndromes seems especially problematic. This may particularly apply to the OTC market.

关键词： Abdominal Pain Butylscopolamine Bromide Irritable Bowel Syndrome(IBS) Dysmenorrhoea