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今日电子 2005年第6期 38-38,42页

作者： karl WARD c-MAc Frequency Products公司

在过去的几年中,诸如蜂窝基站、卫星通信、安全无线电设备和GPS等应用发展十分迅猛.在移动应用中,信号质量是一个关键的问题.在GPS和其他定位系统(比如求救信标)中,一项至关重要的需求是实现更加优良的位置精确度,在军事领域中尤其如此... 详细信息

在过去的几年中,诸如蜂窝基站、卫星通信、安全无线电设备和GPS等应用发展十分迅猛.在移动应用中,信号质量是一个关键的问题.在GPS和其他定位系统(比如求救信标)中,一项至关重要的需求是实现更加优良的位置精确度,在军事领域中尤其如此.虽然上述两种要求均可通过提高频率基准源的稳定性来满足,但这样的解决方案会给元件的外形尺寸、功耗以及成本带来不利的影响.

关键词：无线电设备蜂窝基站卫星通信应用发展移动应用信号质量定位系统军事领域外形尺寸解决方案 GPS 精确度稳定性基准源高频率元件

腹腔镜子宫切除术后地塞米松镇痛有效剂量的探讨

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麻醉与镇痛 2010年第5期6卷 24-33页

作者： Ritva M. Jokela, MD PhD, Jouni V. Ahonen, MD PhD, Minna k. Tallgren, MD PhD, Pia c. Marjakangas, RN, karl T. korttila, FRcA 吕丹(译) 皋源(校) 杭燕南(校) Department of Anesthesia and Intensive care Medicine Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland 不详

背景糖皮质激素不仅具有止吐作用，还具有镇痛的特性，但手术后地塞米松镇痛的适宜剂量尚未确定。在此项安慰剂对照及对有效剂量探讨的研究中，我们对腹腔镜子宫切除术后3个不同剂量组地塞米松的镇痛效果进行了评估。方法将129例择期行... 详细信息

背景糖皮质激素不仅具有止吐作用，还具有镇痛的特性，但手术后地塞米松镇痛的适宜剂量尚未确定。在此项安慰剂对照及对有效剂量探讨的研究中，我们对腹腔镜子宫切除术后3个不同剂量组地塞米松的镇痛效果进行了评估。方法将129例择期行腹腔镜子宫切除术的女性患者随机分成4组，分别在麻醉诱导前静脉注射安慰剂和地塞米松5mg（D5）、10mg（D10）、15mg（D15）。按照统一的模式对患者进行丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼复合麻醉。手术结束至手术后第1天上午，使用静脉羟考酮患者自控镇痛（PcA）进行手术后镇痛。记录手术后3天内视觉模拟评分（VAS评分）、不良反应以及镇痛药的用量。结果手术后0—24小时D15组的羟考酮累积使用量为0．34（0．11—0．87）mg／kg，低于对照组0．55（0．19—1．13）mg／kg，P=0．003。手术后0—2小时D10组羟考酮的用量为0．17（0．03—0．36）mg／kg，D15组为0．17（0．03—0．35）mg／kg，均低于对照组0．26（0．10—0．48）mg／kg（D10组与对照组相比，P=0．001；D15与对照组相比，P〈0．001）。但在手术后2—24小时的这段时间内，对照组、D5、D10、D15羟考酮的使用量相近，分别为0．31（0．03～0．78）mg／kg、0．22（0．03—0．92）mg／kg、0．24（0．05—0．87）mg／kg和0．20（0—0．65）mg／kg。本实验中各组静息、运动和咳嗽时的VAS评分的差异无显著性。手术后首个24小时内D15组头晕的发生率低于对照组（P=0．001）、D5组（P=0．006）和D10组（P=0．030）。在后续的恢复过程中，4个组间头晕的发生率无明显差异。结论麻醉诱导前静脉注射地塞米松15mg，可以减少腹腔镜下子宫切除手术后24小时内羟考酮的累积使用量。与静脉注射地塞米松15mg相比，静脉注射地塞米松10mg同样能减少手术后2小时内羟考酮的累积使用量。

关键词：腹腔镜子宫切除术子宫切除术后地塞米松镇痛效果有效剂量手术后镇痛芬太尼复合麻醉静脉注射

Effects of plant intraspecific variation on the prediction of c_(3)/c_(4)vegetation ratio from carbon isotope composition of topsoil organic matter across grasslands

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2021年第4期14卷 628-637页

作者： Wentao Luo Xiaoguang Wang karl Auerswald Zhengwen Wang Michael I.Bird christopher J.Still Xiao-Tao Lv Xingguo Han Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China college of Environment and Resources Dalian Minzu UniversityDalian 116600China Technische Universität München Lehrstuhl für GrünlandlehreAlte Akademie 1285350 Freising-WeihenstephanGermany college of Science and Engineering and ARc centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage James Cook UniversityCairnsQueensland 4870Australia Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society Oregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA State key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China University of chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Aims Understanding the patterns and drivers of carbon isotope discrimination(13Δ)in c_(3)and c_(4)functional groups is critical for predicting c_(3)/c_(4)vegetation ratio from the isotopic composition of soil organic *** this study,we aimed to evaluate how intraspecific variation will modify functional group-level 13Δvalues and the associated prediction of c_(3)/c_(4)vegetation *** We investigated 13Δof 726 individual plants(96 species;c_(3)and c_(4)functional groups)and topsoil organic matter in 26 grassland communities along an aridity gradient in northern *** fraction of c_(4)contribution was calculated with mixing models that considered:(i)both intra-and interspecific effects on the 13Δvalues of c_(3)and c_(4)functional groups;(ii)only interspecific effects;or(iii)none of these *** Findings We found divergent responses of plant 13Δat the intraspecific level to the changes of aridity across the *** 13Δof both c_(3)and c_(4)functional groups was negatively correlated with an aridity index,with higher sensitivity for c_(3)than for c_(4)functional *** 13Δvariation played a key role in driving the total 13Δvariations of c_(3)*** such intraspecific effect in mixing models led to a greatly increased fraction of c_(4)contribution to soil organic carbon.A correction for the effects of intraspecific variation is therefore essential for correctly inferring c_(3)/c_(4)vegetation ratio in the *** findings provide basic information for the reconstruction of past vegetation change from bulk materials in arid and semiarid biomes.

关键词： arid and semiarid grasslands interspecific variation intraspecific variation soil organic matter two-member mixing models vegetation ratio

Spinal Motion Segments-Ⅰ:concept for a Subject-specific Analogue Model

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2020年第4期17卷 747-756页

作者： constantinos Franceskides Emily Arnold Ian Horsfall Gianluca Tozzi Michael cGibson Peter Zioupos Musculoskeletal and Medicolegal Research Group Cranfield Forensic InstituteCranfield UniversityDefence Academy of the UKShrivenhamSN68LAUK Impact and Armour Group Centre for Defence EngineeringCranfield UniversityDefence Academy of the UKShrivenhamSN68LAUK School of Engineering University of PortsmouthPortsmouthPO13DJUK centre for Simulation&Analytics Cranfield UniversityDefence Academy of the UKShrivenhamSN68LAUK

Most commercial spine analogues are not intended for biomechanical testing,and those developed for this purpose are expensive and yet still fail to replicate the mechanical performance of biological ***-specific analogues that address these limitations and avoid the ethical restrictions surrounding the use of human cadavers are therefore *** present a method for the production and characterisation of biofidelic,patient-specific,Spine Motion Segment(SMS=2 vertebrae and the disk in between)analogues that allow for the biological variability encountered when dealing with real *** spine segments(L1-LA)were scanned by computed tomography,and 3D models were printed in acrylonitrile butadiene styrene(ABS).Four biological specimens and four ABS motion segments were tested,three of which were further segmented into two Vertebral Bodies(VBs)with their intervertebral disc(IVD).All segments were loaded axially at 0.6 mm·min-1(strain-rate range 6×10-4 s-1-10×10-4 s-1).The artificial VBs behaved like biological segments within the elastic region,but the best two-part artificial IVD were^15%less stiffthan the biological ***-speed images recorded during compressive loading allowed full-field strains to be *** compression of the spine motion segments,IVDs experienced higher strains than VBs as *** method allows the rapid,inexpensive and reliable production of patient-specific 3D-printed analogues,which morphologically resemble the real ones,and whose mechanical behaviour is comparable to real biological spine motion segments and this is their biggest asset.

关键词： spine bone analogue micro-cT 3D printing Digital Image correlation(DIc)

Spinal Motion Segments-Ⅱ:Tuning and Optimisation for Biofidelic Performance

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2020年第4期17卷 757-766页

作者： constantinos Franceskides Emily Arnold Ian Horsfall Gianluca Tozzi Michael cGibson Peter Zioupos Musculoskeletal and Medicolegal Research Group Cranfield Forensic InstituteCranfield UniversityDefence Academy of the UKShrivenhamSN68LAUK centre for Defence Engineering Cranfield UniversityDefence Academy of the UKShrivenhamSN68LAUK School of Engineering University of PortsmouthPortsmouthPO13DJUK centre for Simulation&Analytics Cranfield UniversityDefence Academy of the UKShrivenhamSN68LAUK

Most commercially available spine analogues are not intended for biomechanical testing,and the few that are suitable for using in conjunction with implants and devices to allow a hands-on practice on operative procedures are very expensive and still none of these offers patient-specific analogues that can be accessed within reasonable time and price ***-made spine analogues would also avoid the ethical restrictions surrounding the use of biological specimens and complications arising from their inherent biological *** we sought to improve the biofidelity and accuracy of a patient-specific motion segment analogue that we presented *** models were made by acrylonitrile butadiene styrene(ABS)in 3D printing of porcine spine segments(T12-L5)from microcT scan data,and were tested in axial loading at 0.6 ***-1(strain rate range 6×10^-4 s^-1-10×10^-4 s^-1).In this paper we have sought to improve the biofidelity of these analogue models by concentrating in improving the two most critical aspects of the mechanical behaviour:the material used for the intervertebral disc and the influence of the facet *** deformations were followed by use of Digital Image correlation(DIc)and consequently different scanning resolutions and data acquisition techniques were also explored and compared to determine their *** found that the selection of an appropriate intervertebral disc simulant(PT Flex 85)achieved a realistic force/displacement response and also that the facet joints play a key role in achieving a biofidelic behaviour for the entire motion *** have therefore overall confirmed the feasibility of producing,by rapid and inexpensive 3D-printing methods,high-quality patient-specific spine analogue models suitable for biomechanical testing and practice.

关键词： spine bone analogue micro-cT 3D printing Digital Image correlation(DIc)

Waveform simulation in PandaX-4T

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chinese Physics c 2024年第7期48卷 1-13页

作者：李家富阿卜杜萨拉姆薄子豪陈葳谌勋程晨成赵侃崔祥仪樊英杰方德清耿立升 karl Giboni 郭绪元韩晨成韩柯何昶达何金荣黄迪黄俊挺黄周侯汝全侯钰季向东巨永林李晨翔李名川李帅杰李涛林箐刘江来陆聪聪芦晓盈罗棱尹罗云阳马文博马余刚冒亚军孟月宁旭阳庞彬宇祁宁春钱志成任祥祥 Nasir Shaheed 尚晓凤邵熙元申国防司琳孙文良谈安迪陶奕王安庆王萌王秋红王少博王思广王为王秀丽王旭王舟魏月环武蒙蒙邬维浩吴渊肖梦姣肖翔燕斌斌阎玺宇杨勇喻纯旭袁影苑哲运有辉曾鑫宁张敏桢张鹏张世博张澍张涛张威张洋张瀛心张园园赵力周济芳周宁周小朋周永周钰博周知震 School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityKey Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology(MoE)Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and CosmologyShanghai 200240China State key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 102206China International Research center for Nuclei and Particles in the cosmos&Beijing key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Materials and Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Yalong River Hydropower Development company Ltd.288 Shuanglin RoadChengdu 610051China Research center for Particle Science and Technology Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary ScienceShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation of Ministry of Education Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Department of Physics University of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Physics Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China School of Physics Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(MOE) Institute of Modern PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Shanghai Jiao Tong University Sichuan Research Institute Chengdu 610213China SJTU Paris Elite Institute of Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Physics Yantai UniversityYantai 264005Ch

Signal reconstruction through software processing is a crucial component of the background and signal models in the PandaX-4T experiment,which is a multi-tonne dark matter direct search *** accuracy of signal reconstruction is influenced by various detector artifacts,including noise,dark count of photomultiplier,photoionization of impurities in the detector,and other relevant *** this study,we presented a detailed description of a semi-data-driven approach designed to simulate a signal *** work provides a reliable model for the efficiency and bias of the signal reconstruction in the data analysis of *** comparing critical variables that relate to the temporal shape and hit pattern of the signals,we found good agreement between the simulation and data.

关键词： dark matter time projection chamber simulation

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共轨式喷油系统——柴油机喷油技术的新篇章

内燃机燃油喷射和控制 1998年第3期 4-15页

作者： karl-Heinz Hoffmann 方先明

Daimler—Benz公司在A及c级轿车上采用了新型四气门直喷式柴油机,并向世界首次介绍了用于轿车的新型共轨式喷油系统,从而写下了柴油机喷油技术的新篇章。早在1993年Daimler—Benz公司就已经对当时已有的诸喷油系统进行广泛比较评定后,... 详细信息

Daimler—Benz公司在A及c级轿车上采用了新型四气门直喷式柴油机,并向世界首次介绍了用于轿车的新型共轨式喷油系统,从而写下了柴油机喷油技术的新篇章。早在1993年Daimler—Benz公司就已经对当时已有的诸喷油系统进行广泛比较评定后,决定开发共轨式喷油系统系列。

关键词：共轨式喷油系统柴油机

Dietary intake of advanced glycation endproducts(AGEs)and cancer risk across more than 20 anatomical sites:A multinational cohort study

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cancer communications 2022年第10期42卷 1041-1045页

作者： Reynalda córdova Ana-Lucia Mayén Viktoria knaze Elom kouassivi Aglago casper Schalkwijk karl-Heinz Wagner kim Overvad Anne Tjønneland cecilie kyrø Verena Andrea katzke charlotte Le cornet Matthias Bernd Schulze Anna Birukov Domenico Palli Sara Grioni Fabrizio Pasanisi Alberto catalano Torkjel Manning Sandanger Inger Torhild Gram Guri Skeie Marta crous-Bou Esther Molina-Montes Pilar Amiano Sandra Milena colorado-Yohar Eva Ardanaz Isabel Drake Jonas Manjer Ingegerd Johansson Anders Esberg Aurora Perez-cornago Elisabete Weiderpass Mazda Jenab Heinz Freisling Nutrition and Metabolism Branch International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC-WHO)Lyon 69008France Department of Nutritional Sciences University of ViennaVienna 1090Austria Department of Internal Medicine Maastricht University Medical CentreMaastricht 6229the Netherlands Department of Public Health Aarhus UniversityAarhus 8000Denmark Danish cancer Society Research center Copenhagen 2100Denmark Division of cancer Epidemiology German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)Heidelberg 69120Germany Department of Molecular Epidemiology German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-RehbrueckeNuthetal 14558Germany Institute of Nutritional Science University of PotsdamNuthetal 14558Germany cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit Institute for Cancer ResearchPrevention and Clinical Network(ISPRO)Florence 2-50139Italy Epidemiology and Prevention Unit Fondazione IRccS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano Milan 20133Italy Department of clinical Medicine and Surgery University of Naples Federico IINaples 80138Italy Department of clinical and Biological Sciences University of TurinTurin 1012Italy Department of community Medicine UiT-the Arctic University of NorwayTromsø9037Norway Unit of Nutrition and cancer Cancer Epidemiology Research ProgramCatalan Institute of Oncology(ICO)-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute(IDIBELL)L’Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelona 08908Spain Department of Epidemiology Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthBoston 02115USA Department of Nutrition and Food Science Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Ministry of Health of the Basque Government Sub Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of GipuzkoaSan Sebastian 20013Spain Biodonostia Health Research Institute Epidemiology of Chronic and Communicable Diseases GroupSan Sebastián 2014Spain Spanish consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health(cIBERESP) Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid 28029Spain Department of Epidemiology Murcia Regional Health CouncilIMIB-ArrixacaM

Dear Editor,In the European region,which shares 22.8%of the global cancer burden for 10%of the global population,there were around 4.4 million new cancer cases and 1.9 million deaths from cancer in 2020[1].The reasons for the high cancer incidence rates are complex;however,diet and dietary components are among the main contributors to cancer risk[2].In modern-day living,a growing proportion of people include in their diets ultra-processed *** of food processing and home-prepared foods are so-called dietary advanced glycation endproducts(AGEs),which are reactive metabolites emerging during the breakdown of reducing *** production is preponderant in dry high-heat processes(e.g.,baking,roasting);hence foods such as cakes,crisps,crackers,cereal products,meat and meat-derived products represent a major source of dietary AGEs[3].

关键词： dietary intake hence