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Design and synthesis of synthetic promoters for consistency of gene expression across growth phases and scale in ***

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synthetic and systems Biotechnology 2024年第2期9卷 330-339页

作者： Kristin V.Presnell Omar Melhem sarah M.coleman Nicholas J.Morse Hal s.Alper McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin200E Dean Keeton St.Stop C0400AustinTX78712USA Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology The University of Texas at Austin2500 Speedway AvenueAustinTX78712USA

Metabolic engineering and synthetic biology endeavors benefit from promoters that perform consistently(or robustly)with respect to cellular growth phase(exponential and stationary)and fermentation scale(microtiter plates,tubes,flasks,and bioreactors).However,nearly all endogenous promoters(especially in saccharomyces cerevisiae)do not perform in this *** this work,a hybrid promoter engineering strategy is leveraged to create novel synthetic promoters with robustness across these *** a multi-dimensional RNA-seq dataset,promoters with specific phase dependencies were *** enriched with functional transcription factors were identified using MEME *** motif-containing fragments could impart activity dependence in the opposing ***,we obtain two new promoters with high and consistent expression across both phases by increasing the exponential phase activity of the starting stationary-phase scaffold by 38 and 23-fold ***,we show that these promoters function consistently across various laboratory growth scales over time in a microtiter plate and in ***,this work presents and validates a new strategy for engineering promoters in *** with high levels of expression that are robust to cellular growth phase and the scale of the culture.

关键词： endogenous synthetic stationary

Diverse experiences by active travel for carbon neutrality:A longitudinal study of residential context,daily travel and experience types

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Geography and sustainability 2024年第3期5卷 459-469页

作者： karl samuelsson s.Anders Brandt stephan Barthel Noah Linder Nancy Joy Lim David Hallman Matteo Giusti Department of Building Engineering Energy Systems and Sustainability ScienceFaculty of Engineering and Sustainable DevelopmentUniversity of Gävle 80176 GävleSweden IsGlobal Barcelona Biomedical Research ParkDoctor Aiguader 8808003 BarcelonaSpain Department of Computer and Geospatial sciences Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable DevelopmentUniversity of Gävle 80176 GävleSweden stockholm Resilience Centre Stockholm University 10691 StockholmSweden Global Economic Dynamics and the Biosphere Royal Swedish Academy of ScienceLilla Frescativägen 4A 11418 StockholmSweden Department of Occupational Health science and Psychology Faculty of Health and Occupational StudiesUniversity of Gävle 80176 GävleSweden school of sustainability Civil and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildfordSurrey GU27XHUK

Two key goals for sustainable spatial planning are to promote low-carbon travel in daily life and to enhance human wellbeing through diverse human-environment ***,the integration of these goals has been *** study investigates the potential for experiential diversity via active travel in different resi-dential contexts within the Gävle city-region,*** 15 months,we collected spatiotemporal data from 165 participants,analyzing 4,362 reported experiences and 13,192 GPs-derived travel *** analysis uncovered a significant spatial discrepancy:while the travelled distances to locations of positive experiences typ-ically ranged from 1.5 km to 5 km,active travel predominated only within 1.5 *** discrepancy persisted across urban,suburban,and peripheral *** residents in different contexts reported the same types of experiences,urban dwellers travelled about 50%farther for nature experiences compared with other positive experiences,whereas peripheral dwellers travelled twice the distance for urbanicity experiences compared with other positive ***,urban residents mostly relied on active travel for urbanicity experiences and motorised travel for nature experiences,with the reverse trend observed among peripheral *** results illustrate the importance of spatial scale for promoting diverse positive experiences via active travel,re-gardless of residential *** planning strategies may include enhancing environmental diversity near homes and developing infrastructure that favours active over motorised travel for short to moderate distances.

关键词： Walking Biking Experiential diversity GPs data smartphone app Topodiversity

Variation in Heat-shock Proteins and Photosynthetic Thermotolerance among Natural Populations of Chenopodium album *** Contrasting Thermal Environments:Implications for Plant Responses to Global Warming

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第11期50卷 1440-1451页

作者： Deepak Barua scott A.Heckathorn James s.coleman Department of Biology Syracuse University Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Harvard University Department of Environmental sciences University of Toledo

Production of heat-shock proteins （Hsps） is a key adaptation to acute heat stress and will be important in determining plant responses to climate change. Further, intraspecifc variation in Hsps, which will influence species-level response to global warming, has rarely been examined in naturally occurring plants. To understand intraspecific variation in plant Hsps and its relevance to global warming, we examined Hsp content and thermotolerance in five naturally occurring populations of Chenopodium album L. from contrasting thermal environments grown at low and high temperatures. As expected, Hsp accumulation varied between populations, but this was related more to habitat variability than to mean temperature. Unexpectedly, Hsp accumulation decreased with increasing variability of habitat temperatures. Hsp accumulation also decreased with increased experimental growth temperatures. Physiological thermotolerance was partitioned into basal and induced components. As with Hsps, induced thermotolerance decreased with increasing temperature variability. Thus, populations native to the more stressful habitats, or grown at higher temperatures, had lower Hsp levels and induced thermotolerance, suggesting a greater reliance on basal mechanisms for thermotolerance. These results suggest that future global climate change will differentially impact ecotypes within species, possibly by selecting for increased basal versus inducible thermotolerance.

关键词： acclimation photosynthesis stress proteins temperature.

survival outcomes in early-onset oesophageal adenocarcinoma patients:A systematic review and meta-analyses

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第38期30卷 4221-4231页

作者： Ashleigh Russell shauna Mitchell Richard C Turkington Helen G coleman Centre for Public Health Queen's University BelfastBelfast BT126BAUnited Kingdom Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research Queen's University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND The incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma(OAC)has been reported to be increasing in many *** this trend,an increase in incidence of early-onset OAC,defined as OAC in adults aged under 50 years,has been *** is unclear whether survival outcomes for early-onset OAC patients differ from older age *** To investigate survival outcomes in early-onset OAC *** Ovid Medline and Embase were searched from inception to January 2022 for relevant studies relating to early-onset OAC and survival *** regarding the overall five-year survival and risk of death of younger and older patients with OAC were extracted and pooled using meta-analyses to produce pooled estimates and 95%CIs where *** Eleven studies which compared survival of early-onset OAC,defined as age at diagnosis ofs,with older patients were included.A narrative review of median and mean survival demonstrated conflicting results,with studies showing early-onset OAC patients having both better and worse outcomes compared to older age groups.A meta-analysis of five-year survival demonstrated similar outcomes across age groups,with 22%-25%of patients in the young,middle and older age groups alive after five years.A meta-analysis of four studies demon-strated that early-onset OAC patients did not have a significantly increased risk of death compared to middle-aged patients(hazard ratio 1.12,95%CI:0.85-1.47).INTRODUCTION There is concern that the incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma(OAC)in patients under 50,described as early-onset OAC,is ***,data regarding survival of younger patients with OAC is ***,while increasing age remains a major non-modifiable risk factor for cancer,the incidence of early-onset cancers,largely accepted to be in adults aged under 50 years,is increasing[1].This includes an observed increase in the incidence of gastrointestinal malignancies such as colorectal,oesophageal,gastric and he

关键词： Early-onset cancer Early-onset oesophageal adenocarcinoma survival Cancer epidemiology systematic review Meta-analysis

The Alzheimer’s Dementia Patients’ Observed Illness Course and Experience in Ghana and Care Lessons to Be Learnt: A Mental Health Professional’s Perspective

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第2期14卷 91-106页

作者： Albert M. E. coleman Centre for Bioethics Medical Law and Patient Advocacy Sekondi Ghana

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and associated dementia patient numbers continue to increase globally with associated economic costs to healthcare systems. Of note is the increase in numbers in lower and middle-income countries (LMICs) including sub-saharan African (ssA) countries, which already face challenges with their health budgets from communicable and non-communicable diseases. Ghana, an ssA country, faces the problem of healthcare budgetary difficulties and the additional impact of AD as a consequence of increasing population strata of old aged persons (OAPs) due to the demographic transition effect. This article uses examples of known patients’ illness courses to give a perspective on the lived experience of patients with dementia (PWD) in Ghana, living amongst a populace with a culture of stigmatization of PWD, and a relatively fragile public mental health system (PMHs) for those with mental illness, including AD. The lived experience of AD patients is characterised by stigmatisation, discrimination, non-inclusiveness, diminished dignity and human rights abuses in the face of their mental disability, and eventually death. This article is an advocacy article giving voice to the voiceless and all persons suffering from AD and other dementias in Ghana, whilst pleading for a call to action from healthcare professionals and responsible state agencies.

关键词： Alzheimer’s Dementia Patients Ghana stigmatization Discrimination Human Rights Dignity

Making the case for the evolving role of social media in health professions education and a literature review on the application of some in ophthalmology

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Annals of Eye science 2024年第2期9卷 1-11页

作者： Helena Prior Filipe Mila Kostic Mildred Lopez karl Golnik West Lisbon Hospitals Center Hospital Egas MonizLisbonPortugal Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research LisbonPortugal Continuing Education and Development in Health Professions RichboroPAUSA Coordinación de Educación en salud Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social(IMSS)Mexico CityMexico Department of Neurology Barrow Neurological InstitutePhoenixAZUSA Department of Ophthalmology University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA

Background and Objective:social media(soMe)has emerged as a tool in health professions education(HPE),particularly amidst the challenges posed by the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** the academia’s initial skepticism soMe has been gaining traction in supporting learning communities,and offering opportunities for innovation in *** study aims to explore the integration of soMe in *** key components were outlined as necessary for a successful integration,and include designing learning experiences,defining educator roles,selecting appropriate platforms,and establishing educational ***:This article stemmed from the online Teaching skills series module on soMe in education from the Ophthalmology Foundation,and drew upon evidence supporting learning theories relevant to soMe integration and models of ***,we conducted a literature review considering Englishlanguage articles on the application of soMe in ophthalmology from PubMed over the past *** Content and Findings:Early adopters of soMe platforms in HPE have leveraged these tools to enhance learning experiences through interaction,dialogue,content sharing,and active learning *** integrating soMe into educational programs,both online and in-person,educators can overcome time and geographical constraints,fostering more diverse and inclusive learning *** consideration is,however,necessary to address potential limitations within ***:This article lays groundwork for expanding soMe integration in HPE design,emphasizing the supportive scaffold of various learning theories,and the need of furthering robust research on examining its advantages over traditional educational *** literature review underscores an ongoing multifaceted,random application of soMe platforms in ophthalmology *** advocate for an effective incorporation of soMe in HPE education,with the need to comply with good educational practice.

关键词： social media(soMe) health professions education(HPE) active learning social learning technology enhanced learning

Dynamic convergent shock compression initiated by return current in high-intensity laser-solid interactions

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 40-53页

作者： Long Yang Martin Rehwald Thomas Kluge Alejandro LasoGarcia Toma Toncian karl Zeil Ulrich schramm Thomas E.Cowan Lingen Huang Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf 01328 DresdenGermany Technische Universitat Dresden 01062 DresdenGermany

We investigate the dynamics of convergent shock compression in solid cylindrical targets irradiated by an ultrafast relativistic laser *** particle-in-cell simulations and coupled hydrodynamic simulations reveal that the compression process is initiated by both magnetic pressure and surface ablation associated with a strong transient surface return current with density of the order of 10^(17) A/m^(2) and lifetime of 100 *** results show that the dominant compression mechanism is governed by the plasma β,i.e.,the ratio of thermal pressure to magnetic *** targets with small radius and low atomic number Z,the magnetic pressure is the dominant shock compression *** to a scaling law,as the target radius and Z increase,the surface ablation pressure becomes the main mechanism generating convergent ***,an indirect experimental indication of shocked hydrogen compression is provided by optical shadowgraphy measurements of the evolution of the plasma expansion *** results presented here provide a novel basis for the generation of extremely high pressures exceeding Gbar(100 TPa)to enable the investigation of high-pressure physics using femtosecond J-level laser pulses,offering an alternative to nanosecond kJ-laser pulse-driven and pulsed power Z-pinch compression methods.

关键词： shock convergent return

Ultra-high spatio-temporal resolution imaging with parallel acquisition-readout structured illumination microscopy(PAR-sIM)

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Light(science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1140-1158页

作者： Xinzhu Xu Wenyi Wang Liang Qiao Yunzhe Fu Xichuan Ge Kun Zhao karl Zhanghao Meiling Guan Xin Chen Meiqi Li Dayong Jin Peng Xi Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Future TechnologyPeking UniversityBeijing100871China Wallace H.Coulter Dept.of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory UniversityAtlanta30332GAUSA National Biomedical Imaging Center Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Department of Biomedical Engineering College of EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055GuangdongChina Airy Technologies Co. Ltd.Beijing100086China Eastern Institute for Advanced study Eastern Institute of TechnologyNingboZhejiang315200China school of Life science Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices(IBMD) Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyNSW2007Australia

structured illumination microscopy(sIM)has emerged as a promising super-resolution fluorescence imaging technique,offering diverse configurations and computational strategies to mitigate phototoxicity during real-time imaging of biological *** efforts to enhance system frame rates have concentrated on processing algorithms,like rolling reconstruction or reduced frame reconstruction,or on investments in costly sCMOs cameras with accelerated row readout *** this article,we introduce an approach to elevate sIM frame rates and region of interest(ROI)coverage at the hardware level,without necessitating an upsurge in camera expenses or intricate ***,parallel acquisition-readout sIM(PAR-sIM)achieves the highest imaging speed for fluorescence imaging at currently available detector *** using the full frame-width of the detector through synchronizing the pattern generation and image exposure-readout process,we have achieved a fundamentally stupendous information spatial-temporal flux of 132.9 MPixels·s^(−1),9.6-fold that of the latest techniques,with the lowest sNR of−2.11 dB and 100 nm ***-sIM demonstrates its proficiency in successfully reconstructing diverse cellular organelles in dual excitations,even under conditions of low signal due to ultra-short exposure ***,mitochondrial dynamic tubulation and ongoing membrane fusion processes have been captured in live COs-7 cell,recorded with PAR-sIM at an impressive 408 *** posit that this novel parallel exposure-readout mode not only augments sIM pattern modulation for superior frame rates but also holds the potential to benefit other complex imaging systems with a strategic controlling approach.

关键词： hardware illumination resolution

Probing the Efficiency of PPMG-Based Composite Electrolytes for Applications of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2024年第3期30卷 262-283页

作者： shakeel Ahmed Faizah Altaf safyan Akram Khan sumaira Manzoor Aziz Ahmad Muhammad Mansha shahid Ali Ata-ur-Rehman karl Jacob school of Material science and Engineering Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nano-Photoelectric Magnetic MaterialsHenan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 450001China Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals31261 DhahranSaudi Arabia school of Materials science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

PPMG-based composite electrolytes were fabricated via the solution method using the polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone blend reinforced with various contents of sulfonated inorganic *** acid was employed as the sulfonating agent to functionalize the external surface of the inorganic filler,i.e.,graphene *** proton conductivities of the newly prepared proton exchange membranes(PEMs)were increased by increasing the temperature and content of sulfonated graphene oxide(sGO),i.e.,ranging from 0.025 s/cm to 0.060 s/*** induction of the optimum level of sGO is determined to be an excellent route to enhance ionic *** single-cell performance test was conducted by sandwiching the newly prepared PEMs between an anode(0.2 mg/cm^(2) Pt/Ru)and a cathode(0.2 mg/cm^(2) Pt)to prepare membrane electrode assemblies,followed by hot pressing under a pressure of approximately 100 kg/cm^(2) at 60℃for 5–10 *** highest power densities achieved with PPMG PEMs were 14.9 and 35.60 mW/cm^(2) at 25℃and 70℃,respectively,at ambient pressure with 100%relative *** showed that the newly prepared PEMs exhibit good electrochemical *** results indicated that the prepared composite membrane with 6 wt%filler can be used as an alternative membrane for applications of high-performance proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

关键词： Proton exchange membrane fuel cell sulfonated graphene oxide Polyvinylpyrrolidone solution casting Membrane electrode assembly Fuel cell performance