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Behavioral syndrome in a native and an invasive hymenoptera species

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Insect Science 2015年第4期22卷 541-548页

作者： karine Monceau Jerome Moreau Juliette Poidatz Olivier Bonnard Denis Thiery INRA UMR 1065 Sante et Agroecologie du Vignoble F-33883 Villenave d'Omon France ISVV UMR 1065 Sante et Agroecologie du Vignoble Bordeaux Sciences Agro Universite de Bordeaux F-33883 Villenave d'Omon France Universite de Bourgogne UMR CNRS 6282 Biogeosciences 6 bd Gabriel 21000 Dijon France

Recent studies have focused on the role of behavior in biological invasions. Individuals may differ consistently in time for several behavioral traits （personality） which covary （behavioral syndrome） resulting in different behavioral types, some of them favoring invasion. Social hymenopterans have a strong potential to be invaders and their success depends primarily on the foundresses＇ ability to found viable colonies. They are expected to be active, explorative and bold for optimally establishing their nest. In Europe, 2 homet species coexist： the native Vespa crabro and the invasive Vespa velutina. These 2 species may compete for nesting sites and we suggest that the initial success of V. velutina has been favored by its behavior in outperforming V. crabro for the traits involved in nest initiation. Here, we （i） defined the personality of V. crabro and V：. velutina, （ii） tested for the existence of behavioral syndrome in these species, and （iii） compared their performances using an open-field test. Our results show that V. crabro foundresses behave consistently but not V. velutina; this lack of consistency being mainly due to reduced variance among individuals. This result questions the possibility of detecting consistent behavioral differences in species having recently undergone a strong bottleneck. Both species exhibit the same correlations between activity, boldness and exploration and V. velutina clearly outperforms 14. crabro for all traits. Our results suggest that activity, boldness, and exploration are implicated in both hornet nest initiation and invasion process which contributed to explain why social hymenopterans are so successful at colonization.

关键词： animal personality biological invasion invasion syndrome Vespa crabro Vespa velutina Vespidae

Research on Improvement of Personnel Recruitment Strategy Based on A Case Study of Sipem Bank in Madagascar

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Research on Improvement of Personnel Recruitment Strategy Ba...

作者： NARISON karine 华中师范大学

学位级别：硕士

自21世纪以来,人力资源管理已成为商业世界的一个主要方面。越来越多的组织将注意力集中在人力资源上,因为它们被视为维持竞争优势的主要组成部分。在当前全球化和新经济的背景下,企业需要迎接绩效和竞争力的挑战。为此,在公司中引入新... 详细信息

自21世纪以来,人力资源管理已成为商业世界的一个主要方面。越来越多的组织将注意力集中在人力资源上,因为它们被视为维持竞争优势的主要组成部分。在当前全球化和新经济的背景下,企业需要迎接绩效和竞争力的挑战。为此,在公司中引入新的管理方法和人力资源的使用构成了重大变化,成为首要任务。人力资源管理,也称为人力资源管理或简称人力资源,是组织内人员管理的职能。人力资源部门负责通过有效管理人力资本来促进组织的总体目标——将员工作为公司最重要的资产。招聘是建立组织人力资本的第一步。在高层次上,目标是按时、按预算定位和雇用最佳候选人。招聘作为一个过程在任何公司生活中都是必不可少的,因为它涉及公司的长期发展。为了确保不会在招聘过程中出错,公司会使用各种测试。优化招聘政策是任何计划实现现代化的组织要实现的目标之一。在许多情况下,这是采取的第一步,因为通过它可以分解在所有管理单位中遵循的程序和步骤。国家人员的管理,特别是招聘战略在我们的研究中发挥着重要作用,因为它可能对公司的发展产生直接影响。招聘作为人力资源管理职能,是对组织绩效产生最关键影响的活动之一,应该对招聘和选拔做法付出很多努力,因为糟糕的招聘决策将继续影响组织绩效并限制目标实现。尽管马达加斯加自2008年底危机局势以来遇到了困难,但一些公司仍然设法在其领域内生存。为了解决这个问题,人事局增加了一定的技能,并试图建立一个组织战略,以更好地关注员工,制定正确的招聘策略和决策,以确保激励激发工作环境,动员员工实现公司目标,最大限度地提高员工敬业度,确保对使命的承诺。因此,公司必须承诺确保更好地招聘并提高其员工的能力,它解决了与公司相关的所有问题,无论是人力,社会还是技术问题,这就是在业务中发挥关键作用的原因。这项题为“人才招聘政策改进研究”的专题研究引起了我们的关注,我们产生了浓厚的兴趣,因为人力资源是公司最重要的职能活动的一部分,对这项服务的良好管理确保了作为SIPEM银行的公司的盈利能力。因此,我们的研究将在人事管理层面提出更多改进建议,以提高公司绩效。此外,该研究的总体目标是确定工作人员管理方面的改进,以提供一些改进的想法。SIPEM银行于1990年由国际发展与投资集团(SIDI,法国国际非政府组织)和马达加斯加企业促进协会(APEM,马达加斯加公司集团的分支或法语缩写为GEM)创建。马达加斯加小额信贷部门的先驱。SIPEM为贸易,运输,工艺领域的马达加斯加人的小企业融资提供信贷。它还为员工提供改善生活条件的信贷,并开始提供储蓄服务。它现在拥有超过86个国家股东。它拥有遍布全岛的11个办事处网络,并于2009年7月31日投资200万欧元。如果SIPEM是马达加斯加开创性小额信贷机构的一部分,它现在正在寻求在城市增长的背景下实现产品多样化小额信贷竞争。因此,SIPEM是我国重要的金融机构,因为它有助于国民经济。通过其服务和目标,它将继续在技术层面上发展本研究探讨了马达加斯加SIPEM小额信贷等公司人员招聘政策的改进。它试图了解招聘战略的重要性,支持企业经济发展,并通过选择优秀的员工帮助公司找到改进的方法。该研究的样本来自马达加斯加的SIPEM银行的工作人员。该研究的样本单元由银行人力资源部门的所有员工组成。所做的研究将样本量限制在二百九十九。研究中使用的方法是与描述性和分析性研究相关的方法,尤其是来自组织的报告,文件,调查等文档。调查问卷用于收集主要数据;二级数据来源于理论方法和一般信息。此外,本研究还使用诸如因特网和百科全书之类的电子搜索引擎。这些是收集与研究相关的数据和其他来源的工具。在这项研究中,我们使用探索性研究结合定量和定性研究设计,但大多数我们使用定性研究。目的是深入了解问题并为更好地调查问题提供基础。在这种情况下进行定性分析是因为它是一种处理公司有效管理的最佳员工招聘方法的方法。因此,定量研究涉及描述性研究的呈现,而定性研究涉及研究中的现象的详细描述,解释了通过问卷调查如何从现场收集的信息。首先,我们通过告诉公司的聘用策略来定义公司的招聘策略。它概述了公司首选的招聘实践,并促进了员工招聘流程的一致性。那么,一个生存良好的组织必须有一个简洁的招聘政策,以便它可以从候选人群中获得最优秀的人才。制定合适的招聘政策是高效招聘流程的第一步。简明扼要的招聘政策有助于确保良好的招聘流程。因此,在本节中,我们还引用了招聘战略的组成部分,其特点以及在公司人力资源管理中实施该战略的好处。第二部分是针对SIPEM公司的人口统计描述性招聘政策,其中数据收集是在问卷中使用封闭式和开放式问题进行的,该问卷是对员工受访者进行的。对于209名员工,该研究由男性和女性组成,但大多数受访者为男性,56.9%为男性,43.06%为女性。大多数员工的受访者年龄在2540岁之间。在这个SIPEM银行中,他们中的大多数都

关键词：商业银行招聘策略员工培训马达加斯加

Linking changes in the soil microbial community to C and N dynamics during crop residue decomposition

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第11期20卷 3039-3059页

作者： Cyrine REZGUI Isabelle TRINSOUTROT-GATTIN Marie BENOIT karine LAVAL Wassila RIAH-ANGLET AGHYLE Research Unit UniLaSalleRouen-TeamMont-Saint Aignan 76134France Agroecology and Environment Research Unit IsaraAgroSchool for LifeLyon 69007France

Crop residues are among the main inputs that allow the organic carbon(C)and nutrients to be maintained in agricultural *** is an important management strategy that can improve soil fertility and enhance agricultural *** work aims to evaluate the extent of the changes that may occur in the soil heterotrophic microbial communities involved in organic matter decomposition and C and nitrogen(N)mineralization after the addition of crop *** microcosm experiments were performed at 28℃ for 90 days with the addition of three crop residues with contrasting biochemical qualities:pea(Pisum sativum L.),rapeseed(Brassica napus L.),and wheat(Triticum aestivum L.).Enzyme activities,C and N mineralization,and bacterial and fungal biomasses were monitored,along with the bacterial and fungal community composition,by the highthroughput sequencing of 16 S rRNA and ITS *** addition of crop residues caused decreases in β-glucosidase and arylamidase activities and simultaneous enhancement of the C mineralization and net N immobilization,which were linked to changes in the soil microbial *** addition of crop residues decreased the bacterial and fungal biomasses 90 days after treatment and there were shifts in bacterial and fungal diversity at the phyla,order,and genera *** specific orders and genera were dependent on crop residue *** example,Chloroflexales,Inquilinus,Rubricoccus,Clitocybe,and Verticillium were identified in soils with pea residues;whereas Thermoanaerobacterales,Thermacetogenum,and Hypoxylon were enriched in soils with rapeseed residues,and Halanaerobiales,Rubrobacter,and Volutella were only present in soils with wheat *** findings of this study suggest that soil C and N dynamics in the presence of the crop residues were driven by the selection of specific bacterial and fungal decomposers linked to the biochemical qualities of the crop *** crop residue decomposition processes showed specific bacteria

关键词： crop residues C and N mineralization enzyme activities bacterial and fungal diversity

Unsupervised Plot-Scale LAI Phenotyping via UAV-Based Imaging, Modelling, and Machine Learning

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Plant Phenomics 2022年第1期4卷 196-214页

作者： Qiaomin Chen Bangyou Zheng karine Chenu Pengcheng Hu Scott C.Chapman School of Agriculture and Food Sciences The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLDAustralia Agriculture and Food CSIROQueensland Bioscience PrecinctSt LuciaQLDAustralia The University of Queensland Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationToowoombaQLDAustralia

High-throughput phenotyping has become the frontier to accelerate breeding through linking genetics to crop growth estimation,which requires accurate estimation of leaf area index(LAI).This study developed a hybrid method to train the random forest regression(RFR)models with synthetic datasets generated by a radiative transfer model to estimate LAI from UAV-based multispectral images.

关键词： breeding forest estimation

Paraneoplastic leukemoid reaction in pancreatic cancer: A case report

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2015年第10期7卷 259-262页

作者： Mélanie Dos Santos karine Bouhier Manh-Thong Dao Department of Gastroenterology CHU de Caen

Paraneoplastic leukemoid reaction is a rare syndrome defined by a leukocyte count exceeding 50 Giga/Liter(G/L), mostly described with progressive lung or renal carcinoma. We report a case of a 68-year-old man with recurrent pancreatic carcinoma presenting a leukemoid reaction with a white blood cell count of 63.87 G/L without identified infectious, iatrogenic or hematologic causes. His overall condition quickly degraded and he died three weeks after the discovery of the leukemoid reaction. This is the first case in French literature of leukemoid reaction in a patient with pancreatic carcinoma with poor prognostic value.

关键词： Leukemoid reaction Pancreatic neoplasms Paraneopla

Optimized greenery configuration to mitigate urban heat:A decade systematic review

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2022年第3期11卷 466-491页

作者： Jiawei Fu karine Dupre Silvia Tavares David King Zsuzsa Banhalmi-Zakar College of Science and Engineering James Cook UniversityTownsville 4811Australia School of Engineering and Built Environment Griffith UniversityGold Coast 4215Australia School of Law and Society University of the Sunshine CoastSunshine Coast 4556Australia

Urban vegetation is a nature-based solution for cooling *** global warming and urban population growth,it is essential to optimize urban vegetation configuration in the urban area to bring maximum cooling *** paper reviews 85 optimized urban vegetation configuration studies published from 2010 to 2020 to provide an insight into the most effective vegetation configuration for urban heat *** and preferences in methods and the optimized greenery configurations are comprehensively *** results indicate that size,quantity,and layout of urban green space and the physiological characteristics and spatial arrangement of urban vegetation significantly influence their cooling ***,two other research gaps were ***,more research needs to be done in southern hemisphere cities experiencing rapid urbanization and severe impacts of extreme ***,a comprehensive method for quantifying interactions and cumulative effects of natural and artificial factors in the urban environment is *** study needs a holistic understanding of the interactive effects of vegetation spatial distribution on urban environment and climate for a more accurate analysis of optimal cooling greening layouts in large urban areas at multi-scales.

关键词： Thermal comfort Greenery configuration Urban heat mitigation Climate change Planting design Vegetation spatial arrangement

Anti-inflammatory effects of Lacto-Wolfberry in a mouse model of experimental colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第38期18卷 5351-5359页

作者： David Philippe Viral Brahmbhatt Francis Foata Yen Saudan Patrick Serrant Stephanie Blum Jalil Benyacoub karine Vidal Department of Nutrition and Health Nestlé Research CenterCH-1000 Lausanne Switzerland

AIM: To investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of Lacto-Wolfberry (LWB), bothin vitro and using a mouse model of experimental colitis. METHODS: The effects of LWB on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and interleukin (IL)-6 secretion were assessed in a murine macrophage cell line. in vitro assessment also included characterizing the effects of LWB on the activation of NF-E2 related 2 pathway and inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) activation, utilizing reporter cell lines. Following the in vitro assessment, the anti-inflammatory efficacy of an oral intervention with LWB was tested in vivo using a preclinical model of intestinal inflammation. Multiple outcomes including body weight, intestinal histology, colonic cytokine levels and anti-oxidative measures were ***: LWB reduced the LPS-mediated inductionof ROS production [+LPS vs 1% LWB + LPS, 1590 ± 188.5 relative luminescence units (RLU) vs 389 ± 5.9 RLU, P < 0.001]. LWB was more effective than wolfberry alone in reducing LPS-induced IL-6 secretion in vitro (wolfberry vs 0.5% LWB, 15% ± 7.8% vs 64% ± 5%, P < 0.001). In addition, LWB increased reporter gene expression via the anti-oxidant response element activation (wolfberry vs LWB, 73% ± 6.9% vs 148% ± 28.3%, P < 0.001) and inhibited the TNF-α-induced activation of the NF-κB pathway (milk vs LWB, 10% ± 6.7% vs 35% ± 3.3%, P < 0.05). Furthermore, oral supplementation with LWB resulted in a reduction of macroscopic (-LWB vs +LWB, 5.39 ± 0.61 vs 3.66 ± 0.59, P = 0.0445) and histological scores (-LWB vs +LWB, 5.44 ± 0.32 vs 3.66 ± 0.59, P = 0.0087) in colitic mice. These effects were associated with a significant decrease in levels of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β (-LWB vs +LWB, 570 ± 245 μg/L vs 89 ± 38 μg/L, P = 0.0106), keratinocyte-derived chemokine/growth regulated protein-α (-LWB vs +LWB, 184 ± 49 μg/Lvs 75 ± 20 μg/L,P = 0.0244), IL-6 (-LWBvs +LWB, 318 ± 99 μg/L

关键词： Lacto-Wolfberry Colitis Nutrition Inflammation Wolfberry Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn's disease

GSTM1,GSTT1,GSTP1 and CYP1A1 genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility to esophageal cancer in a French population:Different pattern of squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第23期10卷 3389-3393页

作者： Ahmed Abbas karine Delvinquière Mathilde Lechevrel Pierre Lebailly Pascal Gauduchon Guy Launoy Fran ois Sichel GRECAN-EA1772 UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques Université de Caen Basse-Normandie et Centre Francois BaclesseAvenue du Général Harris14076 Caen cedex 05France GRECAN-EA1772 Université de Caen Basse-Normandie et Registre des Tumeurs Digestives du Calvados UFR de MédecineAvenue de la C te de Nacre14032 Caen cedexFrance

AIM:To evaluate the association between CYP1A1 and GSTs genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)and esophageal adenocarcinoma(ADC)in a high risk area of northwest of France. METHODS:A case-control study was conducted to investigate the genetic polymorphisms of these enzymes (CYPIAI*2C and GSTP1 exon 7 Val alleles,GSTMI*2/*2 and GSTTl *2/*2 null genotypes).A total of 79 esophageal cancer cases and 130 controls were recruited. RESULTS:GSTMI*2/*2 and CYPIAI*IA/*2C genotype frequencies were higher among squamous cell carcinomas at a level dose to statistical significance(OR =1.83,95% CI 0.88-3.83,P=0.11;OR=3.03,95% CI 0.93-9.90,P=0.07, respectively).For GSTP1 polymorphism,no difference was found between controls and cases,whatever their histological *** frequency of GSTT1 deletion was observed in ADC group compared to controls with a statistically significant difference(OR=13.31,95% CI 1.66-106.92,P<0.01). CONCLUSION:In SCC,our results are consistent with the strong association of this kind of tumour with tobacco *** ADC,our results suggest 3 distinct hypotheses: (1)activation of exogenous procarcinogens,such as small halogenated compounds by GSTT1;(2)contribution of GSTT1 to the inflammatory response of esophageal mucosa,which is known to be a strong risk factor for ADC, possibly through leukotriene synthesis;(3)higher sensitivity to the inflammatory process associated with intracellular depletion of glutathione.

关键词： Acyltransferases Adenocarcinoma Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Carcinoma, Squamous Cell Case-Control Studies Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 Esophageal Neoplasms Female France Genetic Predisposition to Disease Genotype Glutathione Transferase Humans Male Middle Aged Polymorphism, Genetic Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Risk Factors

Epigenetic marks are modulated by gender and time of the day in the hippocampi of adolescent rats:a preliminary study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第12期13卷 2160-2163页

作者： Viviane Rostirola Elsner Laura Reck Cechinel Louisiana Carolina Ferreira de Meireles karine Bertoldi Ionara Rodrigues Siqueira Programa de Pós-Graduacao em Ciências Biológicas:Fisiologia Instituto de Ciências Básicas da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Programa de Pós-Graduacao em Biociências e Reabilitacao Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA Curso de Fisioterapia Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA

Although the involvement of gender in epigenetic machinery in peripheral tissues during the neonatal period has been suggested, the gender-related epigenetic profile of brain areas during the adolescent period is rarely exploited. Furthermore, the influence of time of day on hippocampal acetylation marks has been demonstrated in young adult and aged rats; however, there are no studies reporting epigenetic changes in the adolescent period. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of gender on hippocampal DNA methyltransferase 1 content and histone deacetylase（HDAC） activity of adolescent rats at different time points, specifically early morning and afternoon. Both epigenetic markers increased significantly in the hippocampi of female rats compared to the male group, an indicator of reduced transcriptional activity. In addition, HDAC activity during the early morning was higher compared to afternoon groups in both male and female rats, while DNA methyltransferase 1 content was not altered by the time of day. Our findings demonstrate that hippocampal DNA methylation and histone acetylation status can be influenced by gender during the adolescent period, while the time of the day impacts HDAC activity.

关键词： adolescent rats DNA methyltransferase 1 histone deacetylase hippocampus time of the day gender epigenetic marks