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Modeling of the Leaf Area of Maytenus obtusifoliaMart. from Scanned Images

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Agricultural Sciences 2019年第6期10卷 796-806页

作者： Vinicius de Souza Oliveira karina tiemi hassuda dos santos Ana Paula Braido Pinheiro Gleyce Pereira santos Jéssica Sayuri hassuda santos Hérica Chisté Omar Schmildt Sara Dousseau Arantes Marcio Paulo Czepak Adriano Alves Fernandes Edilson Romais Schmildt Postgraduate Program in Tropical Agriculture Federal University of Espírito Santo S&#227 o Mateus ES Brazil Departament of Agrarian and Biological Sciences Federal University of Espírito Santo S&#227 o Mateus ES Brazil Capixaba Institute for Research Technical Assistance and Rural Extension Regional Center for Rural Development Linhares Brazil

The leaf has a vital role in the functions of the plant, being responsible for photosynthesis and gas exchange. Thus, the objective of this study was to fit a mathematical equation model to estimate the leaf area of Maytenus obtusifolia Mart. through the linear dimensions of the leaves. For that, six hundred and fifteen healthy leaves were collected from plants belonging to the Federal University of Espírito Santo, São Mateus Campus, in the municipality of São Mateus, located in the north of the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. All leaves were digitized and the images processed using the ImageJ®software, obtaining the measurements of the maximum length of the main midrib (L), the maximum width of the leaf blade (W) and the real leaf area (RLA) of each sheet. Subsequently, the product of length and width multiplication (LW) was also obtained. 500 sheets were randomly separated for the generation of models of mathematical equations and their respective coefficient of determination (R2), where RLA was used as dependent variable as function of L, W or LW as independent variable. Based on the models generated, a 115 leaf sample was used for validation, where the L, W and LW values of this sample were replaced in the adjusted equations, thus obtaining the estimated leaf area (ELA). A comparison of the means of RLA and ELA was performed by Student’s t test at 5% probability. We also calculated the mean absolute error (MAE), the root mean square error (RMSE) and the Willmott index (d). The best equation was defined by the following criteria: non-significant values of RLA and ELA averages, R2 and index d closest to unit, and MAE and RMSE values with greater proximity to zero. The quadratic model equation represented by ELA=0.18122798+0.72847767(LW)+0.00002789(LW)2 generated by multiplying the length with the width (LW) is the most suitable for the estimation of the leaf area of Maytenus obtusifolia Mart., in a fast, safe and non-destructive way.

关键词： Maytenus obtusifolia Mart Non-Destructive Method Mathematical Equations

Sample Dimension for Evaluating Characters of Yellow Mombin

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Agricultural Sciences 2019年第8期10卷 1032-1038页

作者： Omar Schmildt Vinicius de Souza Oliveira Renan Garcia Malikouski Adriel Lima Nascimento karina tiemi hassuda dos santos Hérica Chisté Gleyce Pereira santos Marcio Paulo Czepak Rodrigo Sobreira Alexandre Edilson Romais Schmildt Postgraduate Program in Tropical Agriculture Federal University of Espírito Santo S&#227 o Mateus ES Brazil Departament of Agrarian and Biological Sciences Federal University of Espírito Santo S&#227 o Mateus ES Brazil Departament of Forest and Wood Science Federal University of Espírito Santo Jer&#244 nimo Monteiro ES Brazil

The objective of this study was to determine the sample size needed to evaluate characters of mature fruits of yellow mombin (Spondias mombin L.). 100 fruits were evaluated from plants grown under a shading system. In the laboratory, these fruits were measured by the characters: longitudinal length (mm);equatorial diameter (mm);fruit mass (g);yield of pulp (%);total soluble solids—TSS (°Brix);titratable acidity—TA (% citric acid) and ratio (TSS/TA), being calculated the measures of central tendency and dispersion, and verified normality. Next, the sample size for each character was determined. For experimental evaluation of cajámirim fruits, considering an accuracy of 10% around the mean, 40 fruits per treatment should be evaluated, considering a completely randomized experiment.

关键词： Spondias mombin L. Error of Estimation Sampling

Adjustment of Mathematical Equations to Determine the Area Leaf of Cordia myxaL.

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Agricultural Sciences 2020年第7期11卷 609-616页

作者： Michelle Teixeira Araujo Ellen Maurício Faria Gabriel Linhares Cunha Paloma de Moraes Nunes Vinicius de Souza Oliveira karina tiemi hassuda dos santos Omar Schmildt Antelmo Ralph Falqueto Mônica Maria Pereira Tognella Edilson Romais Schmildt Center North of Espírito Santo Federal University of Espírito Santo S&#227 o Mateus Espírito Santo Brazil Center for Agricultural Sciences and Engineering Federal University of Espírito Santo Alegre Espírito Santo Brazil

The objective of this study was to obtain mathematical equations through the leaf dimensions to estimate the area leaf of Cordia myxa L. 392 leaves of plants were collected, located in the municipality of São Mateus, North of the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil, 300 of which were used to adjust the equations and 92 for validation. Of all the leaves, the largest length (L) and maximum width (W) were measured, product of multiplying the length with the width (LW) and the real leaf area (RLA). Models equation first degree linear, quadratic and power were fitted, where RLA was the dependent variable as a function of L, W and LW as an independent variable. All equations were validated according to appropriate criterion. Thus, the power model ELA = 0.84(LW)0.9749, based on the product of multiplication of length with width (LW) is the most suitable for estimating the leaf area of Cordia myxa L.

关键词： Non-Destructive Method Validated Modeling

Surface runoff and soil erosion in a natural regeneration area of the Brazilian Cerrado

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第2期8卷 124-130页

作者： karina dos santos Falcao Elói Panachuki Felipe das Neves Monteiro Roniedison da Silva Menezes Dulce B.B.Rodrigues Jullian Souza Sone Paulo Tarso S.Oliveira Department of Agronomy State University of Mato Grosso do SulAgronomy DepartmentAquidauanaMS79200-000Brazil Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul CxP 549Campo GrandeMS79070-900Brazil Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation Sao Carlos School of EngineeringUniversity of Sao PauloCxP.359Sao CarlosSP13566-590Brazil

The Brazilian Cerrado has been converted to farmland,and there is little evidence that this expansion will decrease,mainly because agriculture is the country's main economic sector.However,the impacts of intense modification of land use and land cover on surface runoff and soil erosion are still poorly un-derstood in this region.Here,we assessed surface runoff and soil loss in a woodland Cerrado area under a former pasture area,which was abandoned and has undergone a natural regeneration process for 7 years(RC).Its results were compared with that found in an undisturbed area of woodland Cerrado(CE),40-month-old eucalyptus(3.0×1.8 m)(EU),and pasture under rotational grazing(PA).The study was conducted on Red Acrisol located in the Brazilian Cerrado.We performed rainfall simulations on a plot of 0.7 m2 and using three constant rainfall intensities of 60,90,and 120 mm h-1 for 1 h.For each rainfall intensity,we carried out four repetitions using different plots in each treatment,i.e.12 plots per treat-ment studied and 48 plots in total.We noted that the soil physical properties were improved in RC and,consequently,water infiltration and soil erosion control;RC presented surface runoff and soil loss different from EU and PA(a=0.05).The macroporosity and soil bulk density affected surface runoff in RC and PA because the RC was used as pasture and is currently regenerating back to the cerrado vegetation.As the rainfall intensity increased,EU became more similar to PA,which showed the highest surface runoff and soil loss.Our findings indicate that natural regeneration processes(pasture to the cerrado vegetation)tend to improve the soil ecosystem services,improving infiltration and reducing surface runoff and soil erosion.

关键词： Cerrado deforestation Forest regeneration Soil erosion

Dietary Patterns and Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Index in Southern Brazil and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Case-Control Study

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2020年第4期11卷 281-300页

作者： Raquel Goreti Eckert-Dreher Daniela Coelho dos santos André Wust Zibetti karina Bettega Felipe Danilo Wilhelm-Filho Rozangela Curi Pedrosa Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry (LABIOEX) Department of Biochemistry Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) Florianópolis Brazil Department of Nutrition University Center of Cascavel (UNIVEL) Cascavel Brazil Department of Informatics and Statistics Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) Florianópolis Brazil Laboratory of Physiology and Cell Signaling (FISICEL) Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) Curitiba Brazil Department of Ecology and Zoology Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) Florianópolis Brazil

Background and Aims: To evaluate the dietary habits of individuals with colorectal cancer (CRC) and healthy adults living in southern Brazil. Methods: The anthropometric assessment was carried out according to the WHO standard and eating habits were assessed using a questionnaire food frequency. The dietary inflammatory index (eDII) was calculated based on the frequency of consumption of anti- and pro-inflammatory foods. Results: 178 colorectal cancer cases and 178 controls were included, age over 50 years (81.7%). 38.2% of CRC individuals were smokers or former smokers and 69.1% were overweight, 15.7% had type II diabetes and 41% had hypertension. The consumption of bread and white rice (OR 1365.8;p < 0.001), meat processed up to twice a week (OR 227.35;p = 0.001) and low fruit intake (OR 40.569;p = 0.039) increased the risk for CRC development. The eDII greater than 0 and 3 increases the risk of CRC for women (OR 55.83;95% CI 6.53 - 477.16;p < 0.001) and men (OR 66.75;95% CI 19.05 - 233;p Conclusions: In the south of Brazil, the Western diet pattern was related to the diagnosis of CRC, in addition to the male gender, smoking and overweight. In an unprecedented way for the Brazilian population, we associate eDII with the risk of CRC.

关键词： Colorectal Cancer Dietary Inflammatory Index Dietary Patterns Smokers Overweight

Trends and predictions for gastric cancer mortality in Brazil

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第28期22卷 6527-6538页

作者： Angela Carolina Brandao de Souza Giusti Pétala Tuani Candido de Oliveira Salvador Juliano dos santos karina Cardoso Meira Amanda Rodrigues Camacho Raphael Mendonca Guimaraes Dyego LB Souza Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Graduate Program in Collective Health Natal 59010-000 Brazil Health School Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal 59010-000 Brazil National Cancer Institute Cancer Hospital III Rio de Janeiro Natal 59010-000 Brazil Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte University Hospital Onofre Lopes Natal 59010-000 Brazil Polytechnic Health School Joaquim Venancio Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ) Natal 59010-000 Brazil Department of Collective Health Graduate Program in Collective Health Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal 59010-000 Brazil

AIM: To analyze the effect of age-period and birth cohort on gastric cancer mortality, in Brazil and across its five geographic regions, by sex, in the population over 20 years of age, as well as make projections for the period 2010-2029.METHODS: An ecological study is presented herein,which distributed gastric cancer-related deaths in Brazil and its geographic regions. The effects of ageperiod and birth cohort were calculated by the Poisson regression model and projections were made with the age-period-cohort model in the statistical program R. RESULTS: Progressive reduction of mortality rates was observed in the 1980's, and then higher and lower mortality rates were verified in the 2000's, for both sexes, in Brazil and for the South, Southeast and Midwest regions. A progressive decrease in mortality rates was observed for the Northeast(both sexes) and North(men only) regions within the period 1995-1999, followed by rising rates. CONCLUSION: Regional differences were demonstrated in the mortality rates for gastric cancer in Brazil, and the least developed regions of the country will present increases in projected mortality rates.

关键词： Gastric neoplasms Brazil Projections Mortality

Nursing Diagnosis in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis in Use of Feeding Tube

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Open Journal of Nursing 2016年第7期6卷 505-514页

作者： Fernanda Raphael Escobar Gimenes Patrícia Costa dos santos da Silva Andréia Regina Lopes Renata karina Reis Rebecca Shasanmi Emília Campos de Carvalho Department of General and Specialized Nursing University of S&atildeo Paulo at Ribeir&atildeo Preto College of Nursing Ribeir&atildeo Preto Brazil Federal University of Uberlandia Uberlandia Brazil Academy of the Brazilian Air Force Pirassununga Brazil Nursing and Public Health Research Philadelphia PA USA

The objective was to identify the most frequent nursing diagnoses labels in patients with liver cirrhosis in use of feeding tube. A descriptive research was carried out in a Brazilian Hospital with 20 adult patients. Systematic data collection utilized the Conceptual Model of Wanda Horta, the first nurse to introduce the concept of Nursing Process in Brazil. The six phases of the nursing diagnostic reasoning proposed by Risner were used;nursing diagnoses were described according to NANDA-I taxonomy II. Patients were mainly male;half of them were middle age adults;they had an average of 12.8 nursing diagnoses labels;and the most frequent were: risk for aspiration and risk for infection. Nurses needed to develop effective skills to properly diagnose in order to provide safe care and improve patient outcomes.

关键词： Nursing Diagnosis Enteral Nutrition Liver Cirrhosis

Electrical Activities and Pressure Pain Threshold in Oral Contraceptives Users and Nonusers

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Pain Studies and Treatment 2014年第2期2卷 99-105页

作者： karina Helga Leal Turcio Alício Rosalino Garcia Paulo Renato Junqueira Zuim Maria Lucia Marcal Mazza Sundefeld Marcelo Coelho Goiato Daniela Micheline dos santos Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics Faculty of Dentistry of AracatubaUniversidade Estadual Paulista-UNESPAracatubaSao PauloBrazil Department of Biostatistics Faculty of Dentistry of AracatubaUniversidade Estadual Paulista-UNESPAracatubaSao PauloBrazil

The aim is to evaluate the influence of oral contraceptive intake and menstrual cycle on the electrical activity and pressure pain threshold from anterior temporal and masseter muscles. Twenty-eight women on reproductive age were selected, 13 OC users and 15 nonusers. They were weekly submitted to electromyography and algometry of the anterior temporal and masseter muscles during three consecutive menstrual cycles. Electrical activities at rest position and PPTs of temporal and masseter muscles were not affected by menstrual cycle or by OCs uses. Comparison between groups demonstrated that working side electrical activity was increased in OC users in both muscles, except during lutheal phase for the anterior temporal. However, comparison within weeks did not demonstrate statistical difference. It was suggested that, in healthy women, oral contraceptive use may influence electrical activity, but different phases of the cycle may not.

关键词： Menstrual Cycle Pressure Pain Threshold Electromiography Oral Contraceptives Sexual Hormones

Association of Vitamin D Levels with the Metabolic Profile and Sexual Maturation Stage of Adolescents

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2018年第4期8卷 114-124页

作者： Jesselina Francisco dos santos Haber karina Quesada Renata Nunes Lopes Daniela Oliveira Silva Juliana Medeiros Silva Sabrina Antonelli Cardoso Thiago Fernando Luz Cláudia Rucco Penteado Detregiachi Sandra Maria Barbalho Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry School of Medicine University of Marília (UNIMAR) S&atilde o Paulo Brazil Departme of Biochemistry and Nutrition Faculty of Food Technology of Marília (FATEC) S&atilde o Paulo Brazil

The deficiency of Vitamin D (VD) is widely prevalent worldwide in adults, but many studies show that this deficiency also affects adolescents and may be considered a global public health problem. The VD levels are particularly significant in adolescents since it influences several aspects of growth, development, and puberty. During this phase of life, both girls and boys develop reproductive aspects, and secondary sexual characteristics and the adequate nutritional status appear to be the prerequisite for normal pubertal development. Due to the importance of VD in adolescents, the objective of this study was to investigate the association of the levels of this vitamin with glycemic, lipid, and anthropometric profile and sexual maturation stages of adolescents. Anthropometric (weight and height) and biochemical (fasting glycemia, total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, and triglycerides) data and VD levels were collected in 67 adolescents. 66% of the adolescents showed VD sufficiency, 28% insufficiency, and 6% showed the deficiency. There was a significant difference in VD levels between the stages of sexual maturation for boys and girls. Overweight patients had lower serum VD levels. The correlation analysis indicated a positive correlation between VD and fasting glycemia and HDL-c, but with no significant difference. A negative correlation was observed between VD and cholesterol, LDL-c and triglycerides, but also with no significant difference. Once VD is crucial for bone health, and as it seems it is necessary to the homeostasis of glycemia, lipids, and body weight, we suggest that more studies should be conducted to confirm the precise role of this vitamin in the promotion and maintenance of health in this population.

关键词： Adolescents Vitamin D Glycemia Lipids Obesity