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Joint association of physical activity/screen time and diet on CVD risk factors in 10-year-old children

Frontiers of Medicine 2012年第4期6卷 428-435页

作者： Clemens Drenowatz Joseph J.Carlson karin a.pfeiffer Joey C.Eisenmann Department of Kinesiology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Radiology Division of Sports and Cardiovascular NutritionMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA

The increasing prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity has been associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease(CVD).While several studies examined the effect of single behaviors such as physical activity(PA),sedentary behavior or diet on CVD risk,there is a lack of research on combined associations,specifically in ***,the purpose of this study was to examine the joint association of PA or screen time(ST)and diet on CVD risk factors in ***,STand diet were assessed via questionnaire in 210 fifth grade students(age:10.6±0.4 years).The healthy eating index(HEI)was subsequently calculated as indicator for diet ***,weight,% body fat,and resting blood pressure were measured according to standard procedures and blood samples obtained via fingerprick were assayed for blood *** cholesterol HDL ratio(TC:HDL),mean arterial pressure(MAP),and % body fat were used as indicators of CVD risk.55% of children did not meet current PA recommendations on at least 5 days/week and 70% exceeded current recommendations for ***,only 2.5% possessed a“good”diet(HEI>80).There was no significant association of PA or STand diet on CVD risk *** TC:HDL,MAP,and % body fat nor the total CVD risk score was significantly correlated with diet,PA,or *** in the high PA group,however,had significantly better diet *** the fact that self-reported PA,ST,or dietary intake were not directly related to CVD risk in this sample,higher activity levels were associated with a healthier diet and lower ST indicating an overall healthier lifestyle of this subgroup.

关键词： exercise sedentary behavior metabolic syndrome health behavior adolescents TV time healthy eating index

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Associations between extracurricular activity participation and health-related variables in underrepresented children

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2020年第2期2卷 102-108页

作者： Jeanette M.Ricci Kimberly A.Clevenger Sandra Sellers Sharon Davenport karin a.pfeiffer Michigan State University 308 W Circle DrEast LansingMI48823USA Crim Fitness Foundation 452 S.Saginaw StSuite 1FlintMI48502USA

Background:Children from underrepresented populations exhibit low levels of physical activity(PA),diet quality,and health-related quality of life(QoL),but participation in extracurricular activities may positively impact these health ***:To examine differences in PA,dietary behavior,and QoL in underrepresented children by extracurricular activity dose(0,1,≥2)and type(sports,dance/martial arts,art/music).Methods:Children(N=754;Grades 4–6)completed the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children,KidsScreen-27(QoL),and the School Physical Activity and Nutrition Survey and self-reported extracurricular activity ***-way MANOVA tests were used in this ***:Individuals participating in 1 and≥2 activities(p<0.001),sport/dance/martial arts(p<0.001),and art/music(p=0.029)had higher PA than *** participating in≥2 activities reported higher fruit intake compared to 1 activity and non-participants(p=0.009;p<0.001,respectively).Participants with≥2 activities reported higher parent-and peer-related QoL compared to non-participants(p=0.001;p=0.025,respectively).Conclusions:Extracurricular activity participation was positively associated with health behaviors in underrepresented *** may be encouraged to allocate some of their resources to extracurricular activity programing.

关键词： Physical activity Dietary behavior Quality of life Youth Sport participation

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C-reactive protein and telomerase reverse transcriptase(TERT)associate with chronic disease markers in a sample from low-income neighborhoods in Detroit,Michigan

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2022年第4期4卷 275-279页

作者： David P.Ferguson Eric C.Leszczynski Teresa H.Horton karin a.pfeiffer Joseph Gardiner Amber L.Pearson Department of Kinesiology Michigan State UniversityUnited States Department of Anthropology Northwestern UniversityUnited States Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Michigan State UniversityUnited States Department of Geography Environment and Spatial SciencesMichigan State UniversityUnited States

Racial and ethnic minorities in economically deprived inner cities experience high rates of chronic diseases compared to neighborhoods with higher socioeconomic status(SES).However,these economically deprived populations are understudied in terms of biomarkers associated with chronic disease risk which include C-reactive protein(CRP),telomerase reverse transcriptase(TERT),and glycosylated hemoglobin(A1C).We examined relationships between CRP and TERT and chronic disease indicators(body mass index[BMI]and A1C)in two lowincome,predominantly African American(AA)neighborhoods in Detroit,***-nine adults(43 females,26 males,mean age 46 years[y],standard deviation[SD]=15.9)completed a health survey,anthropometry,and finger stick blood tests.A1C was measured using A1CNow test strips,and CRP and TERT levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)with samples extracted from dried blood *** examined CRP(mean=4.9,SD=3.1),TERT(mean=32.5,SD=15.1),and A1C(mean=5.4,SD=1.0)by BMI *** fitted restricted maximum likelihood regression models to evaluate associations between CRP,TERT,BMI,and A1C,after adjustment for demographics and inclusion of a random effect for the *** this predominantly AA sample(91%,63/69),68%had levels of CRP(means=4.8 mg/L,SD=3.0 for AAs;6.4 mg/L,SD=3.9 for all others)indicative of chronic inflammation(CRP greater than 3 mg/L).BMI was significantly associated with CRP(p=0.004)and TERT(p=0.026).TERT levels indicate that being overweight is associated with markers of chromosome remodeling,suggestive of chronic *** followed a similar trend with overweight individuals having higher inflammation and risk of chronic *** findings warrant further exploration of additional factors that may influence CRP and ***,examining populations in a more ethnically and/or economically diverse,yet still high proportion minority,sample will fill a knowledge gap in this understudied field.

关键词： Ethnic minority Inequality Chronic disease Urban Biomarkers

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Architecture of Collaborating Frameworks：Simulation,Visualisation,User Interface and Analysis

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International Conference on Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics 2001年第1期 518-521页

作者： a.pfeiffer R.Giannitrapani 等 CERN，Geneva Switzerland UniversitadiUdineandINFNsezionediTrieste Italy

In modern high energy and astrophysics experiments the variety of user requirements and the complexity of the problem domain often involve the collaboration of several software frameworks,and different components are responsible for providing the functionalities related to each *** instance,a common use case consists in studying the physics effects and the detector performance,resulting from primary events,in a given detector configuration,to evaluate the physics reach of the experiment or optimise the detector design,Such a study typically involves various components:simulation,Visualisation,Analysis and (interactive)User *** focus on the design aspects of the collaboration of these frameworks and on the technologies that help to simplify the complex process of software design.

关键词：软件开发高能物理实验天文物理实验

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Combinatorial Complexity in a Transcriptionally Centered Signaling Hub in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2014年第11期7卷 1598-1618页

作者： Anne pfeiffer Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA United States Department of Agriculture Plant Gene Expression Center Albany CA 94710 USA

A subfamily of four Phytochrome （phy）-Interacting bHLH transcription Factors （PIFs） collectively promote skotomorphogenic development in dark-grown seedlings. This activity is reversed upon exposure to light, by photoacti- vated phy molecules that induce degradation of the PIFs, thereby triggering the transcriptional changes that drive a tran- sition to photomorphogenesis. The PIFs function both redundantly and partially differentially at the morphogenic level in this process, To identify the direct targets of PIF transcriptional regulation genome-wide, we analyzed the DNA-binding sites for all four PIFs by ChlP-seq analysis, and defined the genes transcriptionally regulated by each PIF, using RNA-seq analysis of pif mutants. Despite the absence of detectable differences in DNA-binding-motif recognition between the PIFs, the data show a spectrum of regulatory patterns, ranging from single PIF dominance to equal contributions by all four. Similarly, a broad array of promoter architectures was found, ranging from single PIF-binding sites, containing single sequence motifs, through multiple PIF-binding sites, each containing one or more motifs, with each site occupied prefer- entially by one to multiple PIFs. Quantitative analysis of the promoter occupancy and expression level induced by each PIF revealed an intriguing pattern. Although there is no robust correlation broadly across the target-gene population, examination of individual genes that are shared targets of multiple PIFs shows a gradation in correlation from strongly positive, through uncorrelated, to negative. This finding suggests a dual-layered mechanism of transcriptional regulation, comprising both a continuum of binding-site occupancy by each PIF and a superimposed layer of local regulation that acts differentially on each PIF, to modulate its intrinsic transcriptional activation capacity at each site, in a quantitative pattern that varies between the individual PIFs from gene to gene. These findings pr

关键词： phytochromes light-signaling PIFs bHLH transcription factors promoter occupancy Arabidopsis transcrip-tional regulation ChlP-seq RNA-seq.

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Mitigating climate change through diet choice:Costs and CO_(2) emissions of different cookery book-based dietary options in Germany

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2020年第4期11卷 392-400页

作者： karin KOLBE Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences University of Koblenz-LandauKoblenz56068Germany

The human-food sector is one of the most challenging areas when it comes to greenhouse gas(GHG)*** this study,recipes from similar cookery books were analysed to identify the extent to which CO_(2) reduction can be achieved cost-effectively by cooking vegan,ovo-lactovegetarian or meat-containing recipes.A total of 311 recipes from six different German omnivorous,vegetarian and vegan cookery books were analysed in terms of GHG emissions and *** results illustrate that,based on calories,the vegan recipes on average lead to a 10% reduction in GHGs compared to vegetarian recipes and a 65% reduction compared to recipes high in *** costs for vegan recipes are 45% higher than those for vegetarian *** relatively high prices for vegan dishes result from the cost of meat and dairy replacement ***,GHG emissions from vegan recipes are only slightly lower than those from vegetarian recipes.

关键词： Climate change Nutrition Greenhouse gas emissions Meat Vegetarian Vegan Costs

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Possible role of power-to-heat and power-to-gas as flexibleloads in German medium voltage networks

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Frontiers in Energy 2017年第2期11卷 135-145页

作者： Mark KUPRAT Martin BENDIG Klaus pfeiffer Forschungszentrum 3E LS EVH Siemens-Halske-Ring 13 03046Cottbus Germany

Germany’s energy transition triggered a rapid and unilateral growth of renewable energy sources (RES) in the electricity sector. With increasing shares of intermittent RES, overcapacities during periods of strong wind and photovoltaic electricity generation occur. In the face of insufficient transmission capacities, due to an inhibited network extension, the electricity generation has to be curtailed. This curtailment of RES leads to economic losses and could be avoided through flexible loads. As an option to cope with those problems, the technologies of power-to-gas (PtG) and power-to-heat (PtH) are presented in this paper. First, the alkaline electrolyzer (AEL), polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyzer (PEMEL), and solid oxide electrolyzer cell (SOEC) are investigated regarding their operational parameters. Second, the electric boiler, electrode heating boiler, and heat pumps are considered. Ultimately, the network-supporting abilities and the potential to provide ancillary services, such as control power, load sequence operation, cold start and part load capability, are compared among one another.

关键词： power-to-gas power-to-heat flexible loads ancillary services coherent energy systems

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Could non-invasive brain-stimulation prevent neuronal degeneration upon ion channel re-distribution and ion accumulation after demyelination?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第11期15卷 1977-1980页

作者： Friederike pfeiffer Alia Benali Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience(CIN) University of TubingenTubingenGermany Section for Computational Sensomotorics Department of Cognitive NeurologyHertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Centre for Integrative NeuroscienceUniversity of TubingenTubingenGermany

Fast and efficient transmission of electrical signals in the nervous system is mediated through myelinated nerve *** neuronal diseases such as multiple sclerosis,the conduction properties of axons are disturbed by the removal of the myelin sheath,leaving nerve cells at a higher risk of *** some cases,the protective myelin sheath of axons can be rebuilt by remyelination through oligodendroglial *** any case,however,changes in the ion channel organization occur and may help to restore impulse conduction after *** the other hand,changes in ion channel distribution may increase the energy demand of axons,thereby increasing the probability of axonal *** attempts have been made or discussed in recent years to increase remyelination of affected axons in demyelinating diseases such as multiple *** approaches range from pharmacological treatments that reduce inflammatory processes or block ion channels to the modulation of neuronal activity through electrical cortical ***,these treatments either affect the entire organism(pharmacological)or exert a very local effect(electrodes).Current results show that neuronal activity is a strong regulator of oligodendroglial *** bridge the gap between global and very local treatments,non-invasive transcranial magnetic stimulation could be *** magnetic stimulation is externally applied to brain areas and experiments with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation show that the neuronal activity can be modulated depending on the stimulation parameters in both humans and *** this review,we discuss the possibilities of influencing ion channel distribution and increasing neuronal activity by transcranial magnetic stimulation as well as the effect of this modulation on oligodendroglial cells and their capacity to remyelinate previously demyelinated *** the physiological mechanisms underlying the effects of transcrani

关键词： ion channel multiple sclerosis neuronal activity oligodendrocyte (re-)myelination repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation transcranial magnetic stimulation

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Inflammation and liver tumorigenesis

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Frontiers of Medicine 2013年第2期7卷 242-254页

作者： Beicheng Sun Michael karin Liver Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital and Cancer Center Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction Department of Pharmacology and PathologyCancer CenterUCSD School of MedicineLa JollaCA 92093-0723USA

Inflammation has been considered as one of the hallmarks of cancer,and chronic hepatitis is a major cause of liver *** review will focus on the pathogenic role of inflammation in hepatocarcinogenesis and will discuss recent advances in understanding the chronic hepatitis-liver cancer link based on hot spots in liver cancer research,including cellular interaction,cytokines,microRNA and stem *** of these mechanisms should be taken into consideration because they are crucial for the development of more efficacious therapeutic strategies for preventing and treating human chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma.

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma hepatitis cytokine stem cell miRNA

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Regulation of antitumor immunity by inflammation-induced epigenetic alterations

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第1期19卷 59-66页

作者： Michael karin Shabnam Shalapour Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction Department of PharmacologySchool of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA Department of Cancer Biology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA

Chronic inflammation promotes tumor development,progression,and metastatic dissemination and causes treatment *** accumulation of genetic alterations and loss of normal cellular regulatory processes are not only associated with cancer growth and progression but also result in the expression of tumor-specific and tumor-associated antigens that may activate antitumor *** antagonism between inflammation and immunity and the ability of cancer cells to avoid immune detection affect the course of cancer development and treatment *** inflammation,particularly acute inflammation,supports T-cell priming,activation,and infiltration into infected tissues,chronic inflammation is mostly ***,the main mechanisms that dictate the outcome of the inflammation-immunity interplay are not well *** data suggest that inflammation triggers epigenetic alterations in cancer cells and components of the tumor *** alterations can affect and modulate numerous aspects of cancer development,including tumor growth,the metabolic state,metastatic spread,immune escape,and immunosuppressive or immunosupportive leukocyte *** this review,we discuss the role of inflammation in initiating epigenetic alterations in immune cells,cancer-associated fibroblasts,and cancer cells and suggest how and when epigenetic interventions can be combined with immunotherapies to improve therapeutic outcomes.

关键词： Inflammation Epigenetics Antitumor immunity Immunotherapy

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