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Rifaximin vs conventional oral therapy for hepatic encephalopathy:A meta-analysis

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第8期18卷 767-777页

作者： karim m eltawil marie Laryea Kevork Peltekian michele molinari Department of Surgery and Transplantation Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ Health Sciences Center Dalhousie University Department of medicine Hepatology and Transplantation Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ Health Sciences Center Dalhousie University

AIm: To characterize the efficacy of rifaximin in the management of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) as several randomized controlled studies have shown contradictory results on its effectiveness in comparison to other oral agents. mETHODS: We performed a systematic review and random effects meta-analysis of all eligible trials identifi ed through electronic and manual searches. Twelve randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria with a total of 565 patients. RESULTS: The clinical effectiveness of rifaximin was equivalent to disaccharides or other oral antibiotics[odds ratio (OR) 0.96; 95% CI: 0.94-4.08] but with a better safety profi le (OR 0.27; 95% CI: 0.12-0.59). At the completion of treatment protocols, patients receiving rifaximin showed lower serum ammonia levels [weighted mean difference (WmD) = -10.65; 95% CI: -23.4-2.1; P = 0.10], better mental status (WmD = -0.24; 95% CI: -0.57-0.08; P = 0.15) and less asterixis (WmD -0.1; 95% CI -0.26-0.07; P = 0.25) without reaching statistical signifi cance. On the other hand, other psychometric outcomes such as electroencephalographic response and grades of portosystemic encephalopathy were superior in patients treated with rifaximin in comparison to the control group (WmD = 0.21, 95% CI: -0.33-0.09, P = 0.0004; and WmD = -2.33, 95% CI: -2.68-1.98, P = 0.00001, respectively). Subgroup and sensitivity analysis did not show any signifi cant difference in the above fi ndings. CONCLUSION: Rifaximin appears to be at least as effective as other conventional oral agents for the treatment of HE with a better safety profi le.

关键词： Hepatic encephalopathy Lactulose Neo-mycin Non-absorbable disaccharides Rifaximin

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Advances in diagnosis, treatment and palliation of pancreatic carcinoma: 1990-2010

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第7期17卷 867-897页

作者： Chakshu Sharma karim m eltawil Paul D Renfrew mark J Walsh michele molinari Department of Surgery Queen Eliz-abeth Ⅱ Health Sciences Center Dalhousie University

Several advances in genetics, diagnosis and palliation of pancreatic cancer (PC) have occurred in the last decades. A multidisciplinary approach to this disease is therefore recommended. PC is relatively common as it is the fourth leading cause of cancer related mortality. most patients present with obstructive jaundice, epigastric or back pain, weight loss and anorexia. Despite improvements in diagnostic modalities, the majority of cases are still detected in advanced stages. The only curative treatment for PC remains surgical resection. No more than 20% of patients are candidates for surgery at the time of diagnosis and survival remains quite poor as adjuvant therapies are not very effective. A small percentage of patients with borderline non-resectable PC might benefit from neo-adjuvant chemoradiation therapy enabling them to undergo resection; however, randomized controlled studies are needed to prove the benefits of this strategy. Patients with unresectable PC benefit from palliative interventions such as biliary decompression and celiac plexus block. Further clinical trials to evaluate new chemo and radiation protocols as well as identification of genetic markers for PC are needed to improve the overall survival of patients affected by PC, as the current overall 5-year survival rate of patients affected by PC is still less than 5%. The aim of this article is to review the most recent high quality literature on this topic.

关键词： Diagnosis Epidemiology Palliation Pancreatic cancer Therapy

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Steel Surface Defect Detection Using Learnable memory Vision Transformer

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Computers, materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 499-520页

作者： Syed Tasnimul karim Ayon Farhan md.Siraj Jia Uddin Department of Computer Science and Engineering BRAC UniversityDhaka1212Bangladesh Department of AI and Big Data Endicott CollegeWoosong UniversityDaejeon34606Republic of Korea

This study investigates the application of Learnable memory Vision Transformers(LmViT)for detecting metal surface flaws,comparing their performance with traditional CNNs,specifically ResNet18 and ResNet50,as well as other transformer-based models including Token to Token ViT,ViT withoutmemory,and Parallel *** awidely-used steel surface defect dataset,the research applies data augmentation and t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding(t-SNE)to enhance feature extraction and *** techniques mitigated overfitting,stabilized training,and improved generalization *** LmViT model achieved a test accuracy of 97.22%,significantly outperforming ResNet18(88.89%)and ResNet50(88.90%),aswell as the Token to TokenViT(88.46%),ViT without memory(87.18),and Parallel ViT(91.03%).Furthermore,LmViT exhibited superior training and validation performance,attaining a validation accuracy of 98.2%compared to 91.0%for ResNet 18,96.0%for ResNet50,and 89.12%,87.51%,and 91.21%for Token to Token ViT,ViT without memory,and Parallel ViT,*** findings highlight the LmViT’s ability to capture long-range dependencies in images,an areawhere CNNs struggle due to their reliance on local receptive fields and hierarchical feature *** additional transformer-based models also demonstrate improved performance in capturing complex features over CNNs,with LmViT excelling particularly at detecting subtle and complex defects,which is critical for maintaining product quality and operational efficiency in industrial *** instance,the LmViT model successfully identified fine scratches and minor surface irregularities that CNNs often *** study not only demonstrates LmViT’s potential for real-world defect detection but also underscores the promise of other transformer-based architectures like Token to Token ViT,ViT without memory,and Parallel ViT in industrial scenarios where complex spatial relationships are *** research m

关键词： Learnable memory Vision Transformer(LmViT) Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN) metal surface defect detection deep learning,computer vision image classification learnable memory gradient clipping label smoothing t-SNE visualization

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Impact of Sesbania pachycarpa dc. (Fabaceae) in millet Culture [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. (Poaceae)] in Eastern Southeast Niger

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2025年第1期16卷 146-154页

作者： mahamane Adamou Toudou Daouda Abdoul karim Abdourazak Alio moussa Adamou Ibrahim maman Laouali Toudou Abdoul karim Adamou Aboubacar Kolafane Inoussa maman maarouhi Douma Soumana Bakasso Yacoubou mahamane Ali Laboratoire GeVaBioS Dpartement de Biologie Facult des Sciences et Techniques Universit Abdou Moumouni de Niamey Niamey Niger

millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. (Poaceae)] is one of the most widely consumed crops in Niger. Its production, despite the efforts of farmers, is confronted with weed problems, in particular Sesbania pachycarpa DC. (Fabaceae). The aim of the present study in this area is to assess the impact of Sesbania pachycarpa on millet growth and yield. To achieve this objective, a completely randomized Fisher block design of twenty-four elementary plots was set up with four replications. The data collected were millet plant heights and plot yields. The data collected were subjected to analysis of variance and Duncan’s test at the 5% threshold for comparisons of mean heights and yields with the control kept clean from sowing to millet harvesting. The results showed the sensitivity of millet plants to Sesbania pachycarpa. The results revealed that the threshold density for damage could be estimated at 6 Sesbania pachycarpa plants/m2 and the critical interference period at the fourth week after sowing. This study showed that the presence of Sesbania pachycarpa influences millet yield. Indeed, the best yields were obtained in plots without Sesbania pachycarpa. millet yield decreased with increasing Sesbania pachycarpa density. The average percentage yield reduction was 36.79%, with a minimum of 21.25% and a maximum of 80%. The findings of this study complete the efforts of developing weed control techniques in pearl millet fields densely populated with Sesbania pachycarpa.

关键词： Impact Sesbania pachycarpa Yield millet Niger

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Preparation and Properties of PBXs Based on FOX-7 in Controlled Fragmentation Warhead Application

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含能材料 2018年第10期26卷 843-849页

作者： karim K Elsharkawy Lin Guo Ahmed m Enew School of Chemistry and Environment Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Chemical Department Faculty of EngineeringCairo University

Polymer bonded explosive(PBX)formulations were successfully prepared in the laboratory scale containing 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene(FOX-7)and hexogen(RDX)as brisant high explosives and different binder types of polyurethane(PU)based on glycidyl azide polymer(GAP) and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene(HTPB) as an energetic and inert polymeric binder *** technique was used for the preparation of different PBX formulations based on FOX-7/RDX and PU(GAP/HTPB)with 14% *** sensitivity to different initial impulses and performance characteristics of the explosive and lethal zone of the tested controlled fragmentation warhead by the fragmentation warhead assessment test(arena test)were studied,in which the arena test was carried out with a controlled fragmentation warhead made from Ck45 steel,with dimensions(100 mm length,30 mm outer diameter and 3 mm thickness).Results show that PBXGF4 has lower sensitivity to impact and heat than those of PBXGR4 by 188.4% and 3.2% *** friction sensitivity is the same as that of *** has better performance,in which detonation velocity increases by 2.1% and brisance increases by 0.5% when compared with those of *** was concluded that PBXGF4 which based on FOX-7 bonded with PU/GAP matrix has good characteristics as PBX,specially in the sensitivity to impact and can be applied for replacing PBXs based on RDX in the advanced PBXs for low sensitive fragmentation warheads.

关键词： polymer bonded explosive(PBX) controlled fragmentation warhead 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene(FOX-7) hexo-gen(RDX) preparation sensitivity performance characterization arena test

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Evaluation of antitumour activity of Calotropis gigantea *** bark against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in Swiss albino mice

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2011年第10期4卷 786-790页

作者： m Rowshahul Habib m Rezaul karim Department of Biochemistry and molecular Biology Faculty of ScienceRajshahi UniversityRajshahi-6205Bangladesh

Objective:To investigate experimentally the possible antitumor effect of methanol extract(mE) of Calotropis gigantea L.(***) root bark and its petroleum ether(PEF) and chloroform(CF) soluble fractions against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma(EAC) in Swiss albino ***:The effects of mE(10 and 20 mg/kg),PEF(40 and 80 mg/kg) and CF(20 and 40 mg/kg) on the growth of EAC and life span of EAC bearing mice were *** profile and biochemical parameters(SAI.P,SGPT and SCOT) were also ***:Results of in vivo study showed a significant decrease in viable tumor cell count and a significant increase of life span in the mE and CF treated group compared to untreated *** life span of mE and CF treated animals was significandy(Pmg mE/kg) and 57.07%(40 mg CF/kg).mE and CF brought back the hematological parameter more or less normal *** and CF also restored the altered levels of serum alkaline phosphatase(SALP) and serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase(SGOT).Conclusions:methanol extract(mE) of *** root bark and its chloroform soluble fraction(CF) possesses significant antitumor activity.

关键词： Calotropis gigantea Antitumor Ehrlich ascites carcinoma Root bark

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Effects of Plasticizers,Antioxidants and Burning Rate modifiers on Aging Performance of the HTPB/HmDI Composite Solid Propellant

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含能材料 2019年第1期27卷 21-27,90页

作者： Ahmed m Enew Ehab Abadir Sahar Elmarsafy karim K Elsharkawy Chemical Department Faculty of EngineeringCairo University School of Chemistry and Environment Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

The effects of plasticizers,antioxidants and burning rate modifiers on the aging performance of the composite solid propellant based on hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene(HTPB)/hexamethylene diisocyanate(HmDI)were explored by apply-ing an accelerated aging program for 90 day at 70 ℃. The HTPB propellant matrix with the diisooctyl sebacate(DOS)as plasti-cizers and diisooctyl azelate(DOZ), antioxidants as N,N ′-Diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine(AO) and 2,2′-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol)(cyanox 2246)and burning rate modifiers as barium ferrite(BF),copper chromites(CC)and fer-ric oxide(FO)were varied. Results show that sample(S1)which based on DOS decreases the stress value and increases the strain value which considered to be an excellent start for aging program. Sample(S3)containing AO presents the higher resis-tance to oxidation showing the better performance that reflects on increasing the shelf life of the composite solid propellant mo-tor. Sample(S5)which based on BF enhances the ballistic performance among over the other tested two samples. The accelerat-ed aging program allowed us to estimate the motor in-service lifetime.

关键词： polybutadiene(HTPB)/hexamethylene diisocyanate(HmDI)composite solid propellant plasticizers antioxidants burning rate modifiers aging program

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Structural and opto-electrical properties of pyrolized ZnO-CdO crystalline thin films

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Journal of Semiconductors 2015年第5期36卷 1-7页

作者： A.m.m.Tanveer karim m.K.R.Khan m.mozibur Rahman Department of Physics Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology Department of Physics University of Rajshahi

A series of ZnO-CdO thin films of different molar ratios of Zn and Cd have been deposited on glass sub- strate at substrate temperature -360℃ by the spray pyrolysis technique at an ambient atmosphere. X-ray diffraction （XRD） studies confirmed the polycrystalline nature of the film and modulated crystal structures ofwurtzite （ZnO） and cubic （CdO） are formed. The evaluated lattice parameters, and crystallite size are consistent with literature. Dislocation density and strain increased in the film as the grain sizes of ZnO and CdO are decreased. The band gap energy varies from 3.20 to 2.21 eV depending on the Zn/Cd ratios in the film. An incident photon intensity dependent I-V study confirmed that the films are highly photosensitive. Current increased with the increase of the intensity of the light beam. The optical conductivity and the optical constants, such as extinction coefficient, refractive index and complex dielectric constants are evaluated from transmittance and reflectance spectra of the films and these parameters are found to be sensitive to photon energy and displayed intermediate optical properties between ZnO and CdO, making it preferable for applications as the buffer and window layers in solar cells.

关键词： ZnO-CdO buffer layers XRD spray pyrolysis

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On Crossed Product Algebras over Henselian Valued Fields

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Algebra Colloquium 2020年第3期27卷 389-404页

作者： Driss Bennis karim mounirh Faculty of Sciences Research Center CeReMAR Mohammed V University in RabatRabatMorocco

Let D be a tame central division algebra over a Henselian valued field E,D be the residue division algebra of D,E be the residue field of E,and n be a positive *** prove that m_(n)(D)has a strictly maximal subfield which is Galois(resp.,abelian)over E if and only if m_(n)(D)has a strictly maximal subfield K which is Galois(resp.,abelian)and tame over E withГ_(K)■Г_(D),whereГ_(K)andГ_(D)are the value groups of K and D,*** partially generalizes the result proved by Hanke et *** 2016 for the case n=1.

关键词： (graded)Brauer group valued division algebras Henselization graded division algebras gauges

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Geochemistry of island arc assemblage in the Eastern Desert of Egypt and the role of Pan-African magmatism in crustal growth of the Arabian–Nubian Shield:A review

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第3期43卷 588-622页

作者： Abdel-Aal mAbdel-karim mohamed mHamdy Adel A.Surour Geology Department Faculty of ScienceZagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Egypt Geology Department Faculty of ScienceTanta UniversityTanta 31527Egypt Department of Geological Sciences Faculty of ScienceNew Galala City 43511Egypt Geology Department Faculty of ScienceCairo UniversityGiza 12613Egypt

Neoproterozoic island arc assemblage of the Arabian–Nubian Shield(ANS)in the Eastern Desert(ED)of Egypt comprises juvenile suites of metavolcanics(mV),large amounts of meta-sedimentary rocks(mS),and voluminous metagabbros-diorites(mGD)and syn-tectonic intrusions of older granitoids(OG).We report here the updates of these four rock units in terms of classification,distribution,chemical characteristics,geodynamic evolution,metamorphism,and *** addition,we discuss these integrated data to elucidate a reasonable and reliable model for crustal evolution in the *** main features of these rock units indicate their relation to each other and the geodynamic environment dominated by early immature oceanic island arcs to primitive continental *** information of the island arc metavolcanic and plutonic rocks(gabbros,diorites,tonalites,and granodiorites)furnish evidence of the genetic *** include proximity and a coeval nature in the field;all protolith magmas are subalkaline in nature following calc-alkaline series with minor tholeiitic affinities;common geochemical signature of the arc rocks and subduction-related magmatism;their similar enrichment in LREEs;and similar major element compositions with mafic melts derived from metasomatized mantle *** volcano-sedimentary and the OG rocks underwent multiphase deformation events whereas the mGD complexes deformed *** on the magmatic,sedimentological,and metamorphic evolutions constrained by geochronological data as well as the progressive evolutionary trend from extensional to compressional regimes,a possible gradual decrease in the subducted slab dip angle is the most infl uential in any geodynamic model for arc assemblage in the ED of Egypt.

关键词： Island arc assemblage magmatism Crustal growth Neoproterozoic Arabian–Nubian Shield Eastern Desert Egypt

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