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Regional economic assessment of a novel place-based model for sustainable food systems

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Geography and Sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 220-229页

作者： Susanna Kujala kari Koppelmäki University of Helsinki Ruralia InstituteKampusranta 9 C 60320SeinäjokiFinland University of Helsinki Ruralia InstituteLönnrotinkatu 750100MikkeliFinland Wageningen University&Research Farming Systems Ecology GroupDroevendaalsesteeg 16708PBWageningenThe Netherlands

Several actions from both the environmental and human viewpoints have already been made to meet the sustainability goals targeted at food ***,new place-based ideas to improve sustainability are *** symbiosis(AES),a novel food system model,is an example of a suggested system-level change to attain sustainability targets;it is a symbiosis of food production and processing using renewable energy that uses its own *** has already been found advantageous from the ecological and biophysical viewpoints,but a regional economic evaluation of the model is still ***,the aim of our paper is to assess the regional economic impact of a possible systemic change in the food system using the network of agroecological symbiosis(NAES)as an *** applied scenarios representing different ways of moving towards envisioned NAES models in Mäntsälä,Finland,and a computable general equilibrium model to evaluate the regional economic *** to our results,both regional economy and employment would increase,and the regional production base would diversify with NAES implementation applied to the region,but the extent of the benefits varies between *** scenario that includes change in both public and private food demand,production of bioenergy and utilization of by-products would cause the largest ***,realizing NAES requires investments that may influence the actual implementation of such ***,a change towards NAES can promote an economically and spatially just transition to sustainability,as NAES seems to be economically most beneficial for rural areas.

关键词： Sustainability Regional economy Localized food system Renewable energy Circularity

A GIS-based method for the selection of the location of residence

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2012年第1期15卷 61-66页

作者： Xavier ALBACETE kari PASANEN Mikko KOLEHMAINEN Department of Environmental Science Research Group of Environmental InformaticsUniversity of Eastern FinlandYliopistoranta 1 EP.O.Box 162770211 KuopioFinland

Homebuyers are usually interested in both the accessibility of services and the quality of the local environment,and real estate agents frequently offer some web-based systems for home *** is however hardly any information about the quality of local living environment in those web-based *** purpose of this study was to develop a method for homebuyers,adaptable to the environmental variables of interest to homebuyers when selecting a home *** this paper,a multicriteria spatial analysis method is proposed and demonstrated for the homebuyers’selection process,using data from the City of Kuopio,*** spatial variables are applied,including environmental and service factors in the home searching process.A geographical information system(GIS)is used for creating maps for decision variables and mapping suitable *** method for ranking alternative dwellings is based on the difference between levels of the decision variables for each dwelling and the target levels given by the *** method presented in this paper is adaptable to other geographical and social *** decision analysis tool will be useful for both customers and real estate agents,and can also be used for city planning as a participatory-GIS(P-GIS)*** introduces new possibilities in the home selection *** availability of spatial data on the living environment in the webbased services for homebuyers is likely to have effects on customers’requirements and house markets,and also promote better spatial city organization in the long run.

关键词： home selection real estate market living environment GIS

Factors influencing the establishment of dominance hierarchies of the grey triggerfish Balistes capriscus

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Current Zoology 2010年第1期56卷 18-35页

作者： David W.CLEVELAND kari L.LAVALLI College of General Studies Division of Natural Sciences & Mathematics Boston University

Unlike other balistids, grey triggerfish Balistes capriscus occur in social groups in subtropical reef assemblages and have been noted to cooperate in capturing large crustacean prey. The objective of this study were to determine the structure of dominance hierarchies of these social groups and the factors that influence hierarchies of wild-caught grey triggerfish in a natu- ralistic setting. From observations of four groups of triggerfish （n = 19 fish） in both dyad and group （4 - 5 fish） settings, we provide a description of triggerfish behaviors and coloration patterns and an explanation of the social context in which suites of behaviors are used by dominant, middle-ranking, and subordinate fish. Sixteen behaviors and nine coloration patterns were noted for grey triggerfish. Grey triggerfish groups form linear hierarchies in both dyads and groups as measured by Landau＇s lndex of Linearity （h = 1.0 for Groups 1, 3, and 4 and h = 0.95 for Group 2 in dyads; h = 1.0 for all groups in group settings）. Dyadic hierarchies, however, were not necessarily good predictors of the hierarchies found in larger group settings, as they only predicted two of the four group hierarchies. Sex played no role in influencing status or behavior. Size had the greatest influence on domi- nance status, with larger fish being more dominant than smaller fish. An individual＇s dominance ranking influenced both body coloration and posture. These results suggest that color patterns and body postures may also be used by observers as an indicator of an individual＇s social status in groups [Current Zoology 56 （1）： 18-35, 2010].

关键词： Grey triggerfish Balistes capriscus Balistids Dominance hierarchies Status Rank Behavior

CFD simulations of gas-solid flow in an industrial-scale circulating fluidized bed furnace using subgrid-scale drag models

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Particuology 2015年第1期13卷 66-75页

作者： Srujal Shah kari My?h?nen Sirpa Kallio Timo Hypp?nen Department of Energy Technology Lappeenranta University of Technology VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland

Mesoscale flow structures such as clusters and streamers of particles are characteristic features of gas-solid flow in fluidized beds. Numerical simulations of gas-solid flows for industrial-scale fluidized beds are often performed using the Eulerian description of phases. An accurate prediction of this type of flow structure using the Eulerian modeling approach requires a sufficiently fine mesh resolution. Because of the long computational time required when using fine meshes, simulations of industrial-sized units are usually conducted using coarse meshes, which cannot resolve the mesoscale flow structures. This leads to an overestimation of the gas-solid drag force and a false prediction of the flow field. For these cases, a cor- rection must be formulated for the gas-solid drag. We have simulated a large-scale circulating fluidized bed furnace using different gas-solid drag models and compared the model results with measurements.

关键词： Circulating fluidized bed Computational fluid dynamics Two-fluid model Drag correlation Modeling

Cadmium in insects after ash fertilization

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Insect Science 2009年第1期16卷 93-98页

作者： Martin Lodenius Jussi Josefsson kari Heliovaara Esa Tulisalo Matti Nummelin Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences Department of Forest Ecology University of Helsinki Finland

Ash fertilization of forests returns nutrients to forest ecosystems and has a positive effect on soil pH, but it also may elevate Cd concentrations of forest biota. Cadmium concentrations of some forest insects （Formica ants, carabids and Coleopteran larvae from decaying wood） were investigated in southern Finland, where two plots were fertilized with wood ash, while two other plots represented unfertilized control plots. In ants, mean Cd concentration was 3.6 ± 1.4 mg/kg, with nest workers having significantly higher concentrations than workers trapped in pitfall traps. Concentrations at fertilized and unfertilized plots were similar. In carabid beetles, the average Cd concentration of Carabus glabratus was 0.44 ±0.36 mg/kg, with no significant difference between control plots and fertilized plots. In another carabid beetle, Pterostichus niger, mean Cd concentration was higher at fertilized plots compared to control plots. We conclude that the variation of Cd concentrations in the insects studied is more efficiently controlled by species-specific differences than fertilization history of the forest floor.

关键词： bioaccumulation cadmium Carabidae Coleoptera fertilization Formica,wood ash

Effects of Selected Printing Parameters on the Fire Properties of 3D-Printed Neat Polylactic Acid(PLA)and Wood/PLA Composites

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2021年第11期9卷 1883-1895页

作者： Nataša Knez Mirko kariž Friderik Knez Nadir Ayrilmis Manja Kitek Kuzman Fire Laboratory and Fire Engineering Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering InstituteLjubljanaSI-1000Slovenia Department of Wood Science and Technology Biotechnical FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSI-1000Slovenia Department of Wood Mechanics and Technology Forestry FacultyIstanbul University-CerrahpasaIstanbul34473Turkey

The effects of selected printing parameters on the fire properties of additively produced composites from neat polylactic acid(PLA)and wood/PLA filaments were *** reaction to fire of the 3D-printed specimens was tested according to the ISO 5660-1 cone calorimeter test *** results showed that the properties of the specimens when exposed to fire were significantly affected by the incorporation of wood flour into the PLA *** was also interesting that PLA specimens had much better reactions to fire than the wood/PLA *** to ignition was found to be much longer in the 3D-printed PLA *** the maximal heat release rate was a little higher in the PLA than the wood/PLA specimens,the duration of HRR was longer for the wood/PLA *** initial mass of the specimens was smaller in the wood/PLA composites,but during the radiant heat exposure the mass typically decreased slower than in the PLA specimens.

关键词： Reaction to fire wood polylactic acid(PLA) filament 3D printer biocomposite

The Effect of Printing Parameters and Wood Surface Preparation on the Adhesion of Directly 3D-Printed PLA on Wood

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第7期10卷 1787-1796页

作者： Daša KrapežTomec Angela Balzano JureŽigon MilanŠernek Mirko kariž Department of Wood Science and Technology Biotechnical FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljana1000Slovenia

As additive manufacturing technologies advance,new opportunities are opening up for their application in the furniture *** remains one of the leading raw materials in the furniture industry;therefore,possible options for combining it with 3D printing have been *** bonding of 3D-printed polymer parts with wood or 3D printing with wood-plastic composites is already known,but in our research we attempted to directly 3D print polylactic acid(PLA)on wood *** effect of printing parameters,as well as the surface preparation of wood on the shear strength of the bond between wood and on-printed material was *** images of cross-sections of samples were *** results show that with a lower initial layer thickness(0.1 mm),a higher printing temperature(220℃),and with the use of polyvinyl acetate(PVAc)primer on the wood surface before 3D printing,a higher bond strength(5.4 MPa)was achieved,but the values for the bond strength remain low compared to the conventional bonding of wood to wood with PVAc adhesive(around 10 MPa).Microscopy studies revealed barely visible penetration of PLA into the lumens of the wood ***,the PVAc adhesive used as primer penetrated more into the cell lumens and served as interface layer between deposited melted PLA and the wood,thus creating stronger joints.

关键词： FDM direct 3D printing adhesion printing parameters wood PLA PVAc

Patterns of species richness and beta diversity of vascular plants along elevation gradient in Brazilian páramo

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第7期20卷 1911-1920页

作者： CORDEIRO Anais de Almeida Campos KLANDERUD kari VILLA Pedro Manuel NERI Andreza Viana Federal University of Viçosa Department of Plant BiologyLaboratory of Ecology and Evolution of PlantsCampus Viçosa36570-900Viçosa-MGBrazil Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life SciencesP.O.Box 5003N-1432ÅsNorway Biodiversity Conservation Association 7101Puerto AyacuchoEstado AmazonasVenezuela

Understanding the relationships between plant diversity and the environment is an important step towards conservation of species and *** this study,we hypothesize that community species richness decreases and species composition change along the elevation gradient,with a greater contribution of species turnover than nestedness to beta *** surveyed plant species in 300 plots(1 m×1 m)in four elevational bands(2100 m,2300m,2500 m,and 2700 m)in the CaparaóNational Park,Southeastern *** samples presented a great number of species(97 spp.,59 genera,27families),however,74%of the species were considered rare with their relative abundance being<1%.Among the four bands along the gradient,we detected two distinct communities with few species in *** transition between the two communities occurred at 2500 m,and this elevation band also had the highest species richness in total.A non-metric multidimensional scaling(NMDS)showed floristic differences between the bands even though they had similar *** 89%of the plot pairs,using pairwise comparison of species composition,only half of the species that occurred in one did occur in the other *** dissimilarity among the plots and elevational band reflects a significant contribution of spatial species turnover to the species richness and beta diversity on the Caparaó*** diversity increased with spatial scale(from plot to elevational-band).The dissimilarity(βSOR=0.907)in the area was due almost exclusively to spatial species turnover(βSIM=0.879),with very low contribution of species nestedness(βSNE=0.028).Our research showed that species richness does not decrease with elevation in the study area,but the floristic composition *** clear distinction of species along the gradient show that spatial species turnover is the major diversitygenerating process in the studied area.

关键词： High altitude grassland Species turnover Partitioning diversity Campo de altitude Tropical mountains

Inter-Operator Interference Coordination for CoPrimary Spectrum Sharing in UDN

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China Communications 2015年第S1期12卷 104-112页

作者： YU Qiaoling WANG Jiang YANG Xiumei ZHU Yuanping TENG Yong Horneman kari Shanghai Research Center for Wireless Communications Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT) Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Nokia

Co-primary spectrum sharing for multiple operators has been utilized to fully explore the spectrum resources and thus improve the spectrum efficiency. The inter-operator interference(IOI) problem should be seriously considered in order to achieve the mentioned target, especially under the scenario of the ultradense network(UDN) in the fifth generation(5G) wireless systems. To solve this problem, we propose an asymmetrical power levels based soft IOI coordination mechanism. The shared spectrum pool is consisted of three separated parts, where each part can be dynamically adjusted according to the minimal spectrum demand from each operator. Furthermore, different power masks are configured to different parts for each operator. The simulation results show that the proposed mechanism can improve the network spectrum efficiency significantly.

关键词： ultra-dense network inter-operator interference coordination co-primary spectrum sharing