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Thermoregulation,incubator humidity,and skincare practices in appropriate for gestational age ultra-low birth weight infants:need for more evidence

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第7期20卷 643-652页

作者： Umesh Mishra Deanne August karen Walker Pranav R.Jani Mark Tracy Faculty of Medicine and Health University of SydneySydneyAustralia Department of Neonatology Westmead HospitalWestmeadNSWAustralia Grantley Stable Neonatal Unit Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalBrisbaneAustralia School of Nursing Midwifery and Social WorkUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Department of Newborn Care Royal Prince Alfred HospitalCamperdownAustralia

Background Although not universal,active care is being offered to infants weighing<500 g at birth,referred to as ultra-low birth weight(ULBW)infants appropriate for gestational *** infants have the greatest risk of dying or developing major *** infants face challenges related to fluid and heat loss as well as skin injury in the initial days of life from extreme anatomical and physiological immaturity of the *** there is an emerging literature on the outcomes of ULBW infants,there is a paucity of evidence to inform practice guidelines for delivering optimal care to this cohort of *** sources A comprehensive review of the literature was performed using the PubMed and Embase *** keywords included“thermoregulation or body temperature regulation”,“incubator humidity”,“skin care”,“infant,extremely low birth weight”and“ultra-low birth weight infants”.Results Evidences for thermoregulation,incubator humidity,and skincare practices are available for preterm infants weighing<1500 g at birth but not specifically for ULBW *** on thermoregulation,incubator humidity,or skincare practices had a small sample size and did not include a sub-group analysis for ULBW *** practice recommendations in ULBW infants are adopted from research in very and/or extremely low birth weight *** This narrative review focuses on challenges in thermoregulation,incubator humidity,and skincare practices in ULBW infants,highlights current research gaps and suggests potential developments for informing practices for improving health outcomes in ULBW infants.

关键词： Incubator humidity Neonatal intensive care unit Skincare Thermoregulation Ultra-low birth weight

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基于机器学习的主成分分析方法在金矿类型判别中的应用:以黄铁矿元素地球化学特征为例

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岩石学报 2024年第6期40卷 1801-1816页

作者：邓依张静钟日晨何西恒王潇逸中国地质大学(北京)深时数字地球前沿科学中心北京100083 中国地质大学地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室北京100083 北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院北京100083

黄铁矿是金矿床中一种重要的载金矿物,其所含微量元素特征可以反映成矿热液性质、矿床类型等关键信息。机器学习方法能高效处理海量的黄铁矿微量元素数据并进行相关研究,前人利用随机森林、决策树、神经网络等不同算法,训练了相关的分类... 详细信息

黄铁矿是金矿床中一种重要的载金矿物,其所含微量元素特征可以反映成矿热液性质、矿床类型等关键信息。机器学习方法能高效处理海量的黄铁矿微量元素数据并进行相关研究,前人利用随机森林、决策树、神经网络等不同算法,训练了相关的分类器,但是仍存在训练金矿类型偏少、使用元素种类偏少、矿床类型判别效果不佳等问题。因此本文采用机器学习中的主成分分析方法,拟训练并建立一个能直观反映大部分金矿类型不同特征的判别图解,进而评估使用黄铁矿化学元素作为不同矿床类型判别器的稳健性。数据集中共收集了来自卡林型、浅成低温热液型、造山型、斑岩型、IOCG、SEDEX和VMS七种矿床类型、近百个矿床的6939套黄铁矿LA-ICP-MS微量元素数据。统计结果显示,卡林型和IOCG型金矿床中黄铁矿的Au、As、Cu、Se等微量元素富集程度最高,造山型和浅成低温型的较富集,VMS和SEDEX型矿床中个别元素显著富集,而斑岩型金矿床中黄铁矿的各微量元素含量普遍较低。通过数据预处理,选择十种微量元素,绘制了不同成因类型金矿床黄铁矿成分的二维判别图解,并选择4个矿床实例进行了验证判别。两张判别图解联用能较好的区分出卡林型、斑岩型、IOCG、造山型和浅成低温热液型,但SEDEX和VMS型仍存在部分重叠,需要结合其他地质证据来综合判断。通过与传统判别图解和其他机器学习方法的判别效果对比,本研究构建的主成分分析判别图解具备简明直观、覆盖类型更广、突出强调矿床类型、对卡林型和斑岩型的判别效果最佳等优势,说明其在解决实际矿床问题方面具有有效性和准确度,为广大研究者提供了借鉴参考。

关键词：黄铁矿 LA-ICP-MS 金矿床主成分分析机器学习

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Chemical degradation of platinum oncolytics in urine and speciation of the inorganic contaminants cisplatin and carboplatin relevant in waste water

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第1期10卷 47-53页

作者： Karel Folens Janis Baeten karen Couvreur Gijs Du Laing Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry(ECOCHEM) Department of Green Chemistry and TechnologyGhent UniversityFrieda Saeystraat 19052ZwijnaardeBelgium Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology(CMET) Department of BiotechnologyGhent UniversityCoupure Links 6539000GentBelgium Medical Oncology AZ GlorieuxGlorieuxlaan 559600RonseBelgium

Understanding the prevalent form of platinum(Pt)based antineoplastic agents,used in chemotherapy,is of importance to develop a remediation strategy that restricts aquatic *** speciation of Pt-based compounds was measured in actual patients’urine using hydrophobic interaction liquid chromatography(HILIC)equipped with an ICP-MS *** showed poor metabolization and intact excretion 11 h after administration,whereas cisplatin underwent a rapid aquation in the first 7 *** compare,the in vitro degradation rate of cisplatin,carboplatin and oxaliplatin was determined in synthetic human urine,mimicking true environmental *** fraction of intact molecules was measured at regular intervals following incubation at 37°C,resulting in degradation rate *** chemical stability was highest for carboplatin(k=0.0143±0.0012 min−1),versus faster degradation of oxaliplatin and cisplatin by exponential decay with k1 of 0.0026±0.0001 min−1 and k_(2)=5.59±0.46×10^(−6) min−1,*** kinetic parameters can serve as input to further expand modelling databases and improve the predictive power of speciation software to estimate eco-toxicity *** the strong residual cytotoxicity of the platinum antineoplastic molecules following renal clearance and human excretion,the contaminants are of high environmental concern and offer potential for metal recovery using advanced treatment *** such water treatment processes,especially carboplatin,above all cancerostatic platinum compounds,should be addressed since it is more persistent in the aquatic environment.

关键词： Pharmaceuticals Inorganic contaminants Speciation analysis Ecotoxicity

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Boston type I keratoprosthesis

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Annals of Eye Science 2024年第2期9卷 12-23页

作者： karen Hu Imane Tarib Maria Soledad Cortina Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA

Successful corneal solid tissue transplantation,beginning with penetrating keratoplasty(PKP),and evolving to include contemporary lamellar and endothelial keratoplasty,has been a tremendous advancement in the struggle to combat corneal ***,there remain patients with high-risk features predictive of transplant failure,for whom donor keratoplasty is not a viable *** corneas have therefore been developed in order to meet the needs of these *** Boston type I keratoprosthesis(BKPro)is the most widely used prosthetic cornea in the treatment of corneal *** the years since the BKPro’s introduction,refinement of surgical technique and clinical management as well as improvements in prosthetic design have contributed to promising patient outcomes,particularly in the short *** such,patients with keratoprosthesis implants continue to grow in number,and the indications for the BKPro have commensurately ***,risks of permanently blinding complications after implantation persist over all stages of *** the foreseeable future,the success of keratoprosthesis(KPro)implantation will continue to depend on refined patient selection,preoperative optimization,and incisive postoperative *** we explore indications,surgical technique and postoperative outcomes as well as several core tenants in the management of BKPro patients:limiting glaucomatous progression,controlling inflammation,and optimizing the ocular *** exquisite sensitivity of the BKPro-implanted eye to perturbations in any one of these areas showcases the intimate relationship between the prosthetic device and its surrounding environment.

关键词： Keratoprosthesis corneal transplant Boston type I keratoprosthesis(BKPro) keratoprosthesis(KPro)

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Reproductive patterns in Araucaria araucana forests in the Andean range, Chile

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 252-261页

作者： Sergio Donoso karen Pe?a-Rojas Claudia Espinoza Carolain Badaracco Rómulo Santelices-Moya Antonio Cabrera-Ariza Mediterranean Forests Laboratory Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation Centro Secano Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences Universidad Católica del Maule Maule Advanced Studies Research Center Vice-Rector's Office for Research and Postgraduate Studies Catholic University of Maule

Background Araucaria araucana is a mast species that presents a high variability in annual cone production. Researchers have recorded synchronization events in cone production in different populations, which allows the seed production to be concentrated, reducing the percentage of seeds consumed by different animal *** We sampled three populations located in the Andes Mountains, Araucanía Region, Chile. In 2004 we began the collection of data on cone production, for which we installed permanent plots（1200 m2each） at each location. We identified and labeled each female tree in each plot to monitor its cone production. In 2012 we selected a total of 30 trees near the plots to evaluate the number of seeds per cone. In each February from 2012 to 2014 we selected two mature cones and covered them with a porous mesh for subsequent collection and storage in March. At the beginning of June, we counted and weighed the seeds, determining the average weight, the number of seeds per cone, the germination capacity（GC）, and the germination speed（GS）.Results Cone production was synchronous across the three locations. We observed significant differences among the locations and years evaluated. The cones had fewer seeds in 2013（high production） compared to those in 2012（low production）, but their weights were similar. In 2014 the cones produced smaller seeds in fewer quantities. The difference between the years 2013 and 2014 resulted from the high-energy expenditure in 2013. Regarding GC and GS, there were significant differences among the three locations（GC: F = 45.41, p < 0.01; GS: F = 96.08, p < 0.01）, where the highest values were observed in *** Both GC and GS are related to seed weight but not to the number of cones produced in a given year. These annual fluctuations in seed production are determining factors in the population dynamics of forest species. Our results allow a better understanding of the reproductive phenology of A. araucana and could hel

关键词： Seed weight Germination potential Masting species Sustainable use Dioecious species

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Alzheimer’s visual variant: a report of a diagnosis easily missed on ophthalmic examination

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第8期17卷 1571-1575页

作者： Jorge Cárdenas-Belaunzarán Lorena Wheelock-Gutierrez karen A.Cerrillo-Avila Department of Neuro-Ophthalmology Association to Prevent Blindness in MexicoI.A.P.Mexico City 04030Mexico Independent Researcher Mexico City 04040Mexico

Dear Editor,We present a case of posterior cortical atrophy(PCA),which is a syndromic entity caused by different neurodegenerative diseases,mainly Alzheimer’s disease,but it has been described in several other *** frequency is reported to be as high as 5%of all cases;however,it remains widely under-recognized among ophthalmologists and optometrists due to scarce reports in visual health-related journals[1].

关键词： diagnosis Alzheimer diseases

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Multiple myeloma survival in New South Wales, Australia, by treatment era to 2020

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第8期21卷 703-711页

作者： Eleonora Feletto Qingwei Luo Anna Kelly Marianne Weber David Goldsbury Katherine Barron karen Canfell Xue Qin Yu The Daffodil Centre The University of SydneyA Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSWSydney NSW 2006Australia

Objective: Australia has relatively high multiple myeloma(MM) incidence and mortality rates. Advancements in MM treatment over recent decades have driven improvements in MM survival in high-income countries;however, reporting in Australia is limited. We investigated temporal trends in population-wide MM survival across 3 periods of treatment advancements in New South Wales(NSW), ***: Individuals with an MM diagnosis in the NSW Cancer Registry between 1985 and 2015 with vital follow-up to 2020, were categorized into 3 previously defined treatment eras according to their diagnosis date(1985±1995, chemotherapy only;1996±2007, autologous stem cell transplantation;and 2008±2015, novel agents including proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs). Both relative survival and cause-specific survival according to Fine and Gray's competing risks cumulative incidence function were calculated by treatment era and age at ***: Overall, 11,591 individuals were included in the study, with a median age of 70 years at diagnosis. Five-year relative survival improved over the 36-year(1985±2020) study period(31.0% in 1985±1995;41.9% in 1996±2007;and 56.1% in 2008±2015). For individuals diagnosed before 70 years of age, the 5-year relative survival nearly doubled, from 36.5% in 1985±1995 to 68.5% in 2008±2015. Improvements for those > 70 years of age were less pronounced between 1985±1995 and 1996±2007;however, significant improvements were observed for those diagnosed in 2008±2015. Similar overall and age-specific patterns were observed for causespecific survival. After adjustment for gender and age at diagnosis, treatment era was strongly associated with both relative and cause-specific survival(P < 0.0001).Conclusions: Survival of individuals with MM is improving in Australia with treatment advances. However, older age groups continue to experience poor survival outcomes with only modest improvements over time. Given the increasing prevalence of MM in

关键词： Multiple myeloma cancer epidemiology survival analysis competing risk analysis Australia

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生物−电催化转化二氧化碳的高值化利用研究进展

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煤炭学报 2024年第5期49卷 2472-2489页

作者：解佳乐张天宇彭章頔林日琛肖睿东南大学能源与环境学院江苏南京211102 能源热转换及其过程测控教育部重点实验室江苏南京211102

中国是世界上最大的二氧化碳(CO_(2))排放国和煤炭消费国,且以煤为主的能源结构短期内难以改变。在“碳达峰”和“碳中和”背景下,将CO_(2)捕集、存储或将其利用转化为高价值燃料和化学品,可减少对化石燃料依赖并同时降低CO_(2)排放,为... 详细信息

中国是世界上最大的二氧化碳(CO_(2))排放国和煤炭消费国,且以煤为主的能源结构短期内难以改变。在“碳达峰”和“碳中和”背景下,将CO_(2)捕集、存储或将其利用转化为高价值燃料和化学品,可减少对化石燃料依赖并同时降低CO_(2)排放,为燃煤电厂和能源化工的绿色转型提供关键技术支撑。电催化和微生物转化是利用CO_(2)生成可再生燃料及化学品的重要途径。电催化还原CO_(2)反应速率快,但产物种类多限于C_(1)和C_(2)的产物。微生物固定CO_(2)产物选择性高、多碳产物种类多,但电子传递和能量供给水平低导致反应周期长。将电催化还原CO_(2)和微生物转化耦合,可充分发挥两者的优势,有望实现高效制备高价值的多碳产物。分别介绍了单一技术路线下电催化还原和微生物固定CO_(2)的反应原理和典型产物,讨论了催化剂和反应器类型对电催化还原CO_(2)的影响,总结了微生物固定CO_(2)的微生物种类和生物代谢路径;综述了原位耦合和异位耦合2种电催化−微生物转化技术的耦合方式,概括了其系统构成、工作原理、电极材料及高值产物类型等。最后,对比了不同耦合方式的技术成熟度,并从电催化还原CO_(2)催化剂和反应器的开发和设计、高效工程菌种的构建、耦合体系的设计与集成和推动研究开发与产业联动4个方向进行展望。

关键词： CO_(2)转化电催化微生物转化耦合电催化与微生物转化

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Prospective cohort study on facial profile changes in infants with Robin sequence and healthy controls

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第6期20卷 581-589页

作者： Cornelia Wiechers Julian Sowula karen Kreutzer Christoph E.Schwarz Christina Weismann Michael Krimmel Christian F.Poets Bernd Koos Department of Neonatology Tuebingen University HospitalCalwerstrasse 772076 TuebingenGermany Center for Cleft Lip Palate and Craniofacial MalformationsTuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany Department of Orthodontics Tuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Tuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany

Background Various conservative and surgical approaches exist to treat Robin sequence(RS),but their effects on facial profile and mandibular catch-up growth are unclear.A functional treatment concept,used in our centre for 25 years,includes an individualized palatal plate with a velo-pharyngeal extension and intensive feeding *** We performed a prospective study to objectively describe facial profiles in infants with RS treated with the above *** with isolated RS were admitted to our tertiary perinatal and national referral centre for craniofacial malformations between May 2018 and Nov *** with RS received 3D-photographs during clinically indicated *** controls were recruited from Dec 2018 to Sep 2019 and received 3D-photographs every 3 *** digitally measured jaw index(JI),defined as alveolar overjet(O)x maxillary arch(U)/mandibular arch(L),and the soft tissue reference points A’-point,Nasion’,B’-point angle(ANB’),describing the relative position of maxilla to mandible,were *** mixed models were used to examine time trajectories in JI and ANB’.Results A total of 2073D images,obtained in 19 infants with RS and 32 controls,were *** and ANB’decreased over time in both groups[for JI−0.18(95%CI−0.25 to−0.10);for ANB’:−0.40°per month[(95%CI−0.48 to−0.32)]]but remained lower in controls[for JI−2.5(95%CI−3.2 to−1.8);for ANB’-1.7°(95%CI−2.4 to−1.0)].Also,the ANB’model showed a significant effect of the interaction term diagnosis x *** Based on longitudinal 3D images,we describe changes in objective parameters of facial profile in infants with and without RS during the first year of *** findings indicate catch-up growth in infants treated for RS.

关键词： Infant Mandibular catch-up growth Pre-epiglottic Baton Plate Robin sequence Three-dimensional photography

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Impact of exercise on markers of B cell-related immunity:A systematic review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 339-352,I0002页

作者： David Walzik Sergen Belen karen Wilisch Marie Kupjetz Silvana Kirschke Tobias Esser Niklas Joisten Alexander Schenk Sebastian Proschinger Philipp Zimmer Division of Performance and Health(Sports Medicine) Institute for Sport and Sport ScienceTU Dortmund UniversityDortmund 44227Germany

Background:B cells represent a crucial component of adaptive immunity that ensures long-term protection from infection by generating pathogen-specific *** alters B cell counts and immunoglobulin levels,but evidence-based conclusions on potential benefits for adaptive immunity are *** systematic review assessed current literatures on the impact of acute exercise and exercise training on B cells,immunoglobulins,and markers of secretory immunity in human ***:According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guidelines,MEDLINE,Web of Science,and Embase were searched on March 8,***-randomized controlled trials and crossover trials investigating the impact of acute exercise or exercise training on B cell counts and proportions,immunoglobulin levels,salivary flow rate,or secretory immunoglobulin A secretion rate were *** and reporting of exercise training studies were assessed using the Tool for the Assessment of Study Quality and reporting in *** characteristics,outcome measures,and statistically significant changes were summarized ***:Of the 67 eligible studies,22 applied acute exercise and 45 applied exercise *** included outcomes revealed significant alterations over time in acute exercise and exercise training context,but only a few investigations showed significant differences compared to control *** and plasma immunoglobulin A levels were most consistently increased in response to exercise ***:B cell-related outcomes are altered by acute exercise and exercise training,but evidence-based conclusions cannot be drawn with high confidence due to the large heterogeneity in populations and exercise ***-designed trials with large sample sizes are needed to clarify how exercise shapes B cell-related immunity.

关键词： Antibody B-lymphocyte Exercise Humoral immunity Immune system

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