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Development of an Auditory Rehabilitation Training Programme for Hearing Impaired Adults in Saudi Arabia

Journal of Health Science 2016年第6期4卷 304-317页

作者： Aseel Alkhamees karen bryan Merle Mahon Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences King Saud University Riyadh 11352 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Faculty of Health and Wellbeing Sheffield Hallam University Sheffield S10 2BP UK UCL Developmental Science Research Department Division of Psychology and Language Sciences University College LondonLondon WC1N IPF UK

Hearing impairment is one of the most common sensory disabilities, affecting millions of people worldwide. The current management of acquired hearing impairment in adults is usually in the form of hearing aids. An auditory rehabilitation programme may or may not be provided although literature suggests that such programmes may enhance hearing aid benefits. This study was conducted in an Arabic-speaking country, specifically Saudi Arabia, and is the first to develop an auditory rehabilitation intervention programme in the Arabic language that focuses on working age adults who are new hearing aid users. Randomised intervention study design. Thirty-five participants with mild to severe acquired hearing loss （intervention group n = 18, control group n = 17）. Significant changes were found in the performance of the intervention group in the Minimal Audible Capabilities （MAC） test, a lip reading test and the Glasgow Hearing Aid Benefit Profile （GHABP） questionnaire when compared with the control group. No significant difference was found in speech test scores between the two groups. A short individualised auditory rehabilitation intervention programme can yield a significant improvement in the performance of hearing impaired adults by enhancing the benefits of hearing aid use.

关键词： Hearing loss hearing aid auditory rehabilitation speech test Minimal Audible Capabilities (MAC) test lip reading test Glasgow Hearing Aid Benefit Profile (GHABP) questionnaire Saudi Arabia.

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Evaluation of Size Structure in Freshwater Cyanobacterial Populations: Methods to Quantify Risk Associated with Changes in Biomass and Microcystin Concentrations

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2019年第6期11卷 810-829页

作者： Nancy J. Leland James F. Haney Kristin Conte karen Malkus-Benjamin bryan Horsely Lim-Tex North Andover MA USA Department of Zoology University of New Hampshire Durham NH USA Manchester Water Works Manchester NH USA Town of Barnstable Barnstable MA USA Association to Preserve Cape Cod Dennis MA USA

Cyanobacterial populations in surface waters, including drinking water supplies and recreational waters, represent an ever present challenge for resource managers. As communities continuously respond to external and internal processes, dynamic profiles of composition, dominance, growth and toxigenicity emerge. In this study measures of size structure and biomass, quantified using light microscopy and fluorometry, were used to estimate microcystin concentrations through linear regression analysis. Toxigenic profiles using cyanobacterial biomass were developed for lakes dominated by Microcystis spp. and Dolichospermum spp., influenced by both genus-specific pigment concentrations as well as microcystin concentrations. Community composition (Log %MIC) and biomass were used to describe microcystin concentrations in mixed assemblages, where composition was the first input variable. The accessory photopigment phycocyanin was used to describe the linear relationship between the daily growth and net microcystin production rates in the bloom-forming Microcystis spp. samples, suggesting that this size-fractionated sample may provide indications of potential toxigenicity in the whole lake water sample. Future investigations using fluorometric evaluation of cyanobacterial populations could provide additional applications and metrics for use by resource managers to quantify risk association with elevated cyanotoxin concentrations.

关键词： Microcystis Dolichospermum Phycocyanin Microcystins Growth Rates

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骨形态发生蛋白信号去除后Sonic hedgehog对小脑颗粒细胞发育的影响

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中国组织工程研究与临床康复 2007年第49期11卷 9851-9854页

作者：秦丽华栾丽菊 E.bryan Crenshaw Ⅲ 雷季良周长满郑亚杰王天昱王玺北京大学医学部解剖学与组织胚胎学系北京市100083 费城儿童医院耳鼻喉科儿童感染中心神经遗传学组

目的:骨形态发生蛋白信号在神经细胞的生长、分化、增殖、凋亡等方面发挥作用,而Sonic hedgehog能调节小脑颗粒细胞的增殖,故实验设计了去除骨形态发生蛋白信号后Sonic hedgehog信号在小脑颗粒细胞发育中作用的观察。方法:实验于2004-11... 详细信息

目的:骨形态发生蛋白信号在神经细胞的生长、分化、增殖、凋亡等方面发挥作用,而Sonic hedgehog能调节小脑颗粒细胞的增殖,故实验设计了去除骨形态发生蛋白信号后Sonic hedgehog信号在小脑颗粒细胞发育中作用的观察。方法:实验于2004-11/2005-10在美国费城儿童医院Crenshaw实验室和北京大学医学部解剖学神经研究实验室完成。①实验材料:C57Bl/6J小鼠40只;Bmpr1b敲除鼠系来源于karen Lyons博士。②实验过程:通过敲除骨形态发生蛋白Ⅰ型受体的Bmpr1a和Bmpr1b两个亚型基因,去除骨形态发生蛋白信号在小脑内的传导。③实验评估:使用原位杂交和免疫组织化学方法检测了新生幼鼠小脑中Sonic hedgehog信号的表达情况。结果:①在胚胎11.5d,磷酸化SMAD免疫阳性的细胞被观察到在正常鼠神经管背侧的菱形唇附近,受体基因双敲除的小鼠背侧神经管中未发现免疫阳性细胞,此结果提示通过骨形态发生蛋白Ⅰ型受体传导的骨形态发生蛋白信号已消失。当小鼠出生后,磷酸化SMAD免疫阳性细胞主要位于正常小鼠的内颗粒层,在基因敲除鼠只有一小部分区域有磷酸化SMAD蛋白的表达。②Sonic hedgehog表达在正常新生鼠小脑的颗粒细胞层和蒲肯野氏细胞层;基因敲除鼠Sonic hedgehog信号只表达在小脑一小部分区域的颗粒细胞层和蒲肯野氏细胞层,而大部分区域则缺少它的表达。PTCH和N-myc在小脑中的表达与Sonic hedgehog表达部位类似。这提示Sonic hedgehog信号及其PTCH和N-myc都参与了小脑颗粒细胞的发育。结论:实验阐明了骨形态发生蛋白信号去除后,Sonic hedgehog信号对小脑颗粒细胞发育所起到的重要作用。

关键词：骨形态发生蛋白质类蒲肯野细胞小脑组织构建

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美国密歇根州麦克斯顿平原矮化植被群丛视觉指标研究

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景观设计学（中英文） 2021年第2期9卷 26-36页

作者：艾米丽·艾夫斯乔恩·布莱恩·伯利凯伦·拉舍尔罗伯特·舒茨基周璟美国密歇根州立大学规划设计与建筑学院、社会科学学院、农业与自然资源学院美国密歇根州立大学农业与自然资源学院园艺系

在美国,规划师、设计师、环保主义者、热心市民和政府官员对保护和管理拥有独特生态环境的小型自然区域充满热忱。相关研究表明,土地利用类型与视觉质量评价指标之间联系密切;在同一个连续区间中,相较于人造元素居多的用地类型,受访者... 详细信息

在美国,规划师、设计师、环保主义者、热心市民和政府官员对保护和管理拥有独特生态环境的小型自然区域充满热忱。相关研究表明,土地利用类型与视觉质量评价指标之间联系密切;在同一个连续区间中,相较于人造元素居多的用地类型,受访者更偏好自然元素更多的用地类型。本研究评估并记录了在美国密歇根州德拉蒙德岛麦克斯顿平原矮化植被群丛中植物群落的视觉指标情况。大尺度的有关视觉质量的制图项目通常以城市区域、林地、水体、耕地、牧场和草原为评估对象,矮化植被这类小型却独特且稀有的景观类型较少被关注。本研究采用了两个版本的预测模型来评估视觉指标。基于对60张现场照片的研究,麦克斯顿平原矮化植被群丛的视觉指标评估结果显示,研究区域在视觉感官上拥有中等水平的吸引力和视觉一致性:由方程(1)计算出的结果在52~58分之间,由方程(2)计算出的结果在47~53分之间。相较于许多其他的景观和土地利用类型,研究区域的环境具有中等水平的视觉偏好。若得分的浮动在平均值的±2.5分区间之外,那么与现状相比,可预测到显著的(p≤0.05)视觉质量变化。视觉指标系统为矮化植被群丛自身及其周边区域的空间管理提供了一个定量评估框架。研究表明,建筑物、入侵林地、农业用地、铺装等景观元素对视觉质量均具有显著的负面影响(超过±2.5分范围)。

关键词：环境设计景观设计学植物生态学景观评价指标视觉评估

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Association of latitude and altitude with adverse outcomes in patients with COVID-19: The VIRUS registry

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2022年第2期11卷 102-111页

作者： Aysun Tekin Shahraz Qamar Romil Singh Vikas Bansal Mayank Sharma Allison M LeMahieu Andrew C Hanson Phillip J Schulte Marija Bogojevic Neha Deo Simon Zec Diana J Valencia Morales Katherine A Belden Smith F Heavner Margit Kaufman Sreekanth Cheruku Valerie C Danesh Valerie M Banner-Goodspeed Catherine A St Hill Amy B Christie Syed A Khan Lynn Retford karen Boman Vishakha KKumar John C O'Horo Juan Pablo Domecq Allan J Walkey Ognjen Gajic Rahul Kashyap Salim Surani TheSociety of Critical Care Medicine(SCCM)Discovery Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study(VIRUS):COVID-Registry Investigator Group Department of Anesthesiology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Post-baccalaureate Research Education Program Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and ScienceRochesterMN 55905United States Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Internal MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics Department of Quantitative Health SciencesMayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Alix School of Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Division of Infectious Diseases Thomas Jefferson University HospitalPhiladelphiaPA 19107United States Prisma Health GreenvilleSC 29605United States Englewood Health EnglewoodNJ 07631United States Divisions of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Department of Anesthesiology and Pain ManagementUT Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTX 75390United States Center for Applied Health Research Baylor Scott and White HealthDallasTX 75246United States Department of Anesthesiology Critical Care and Pain MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMA 02215United States Allina Health MinneapolisMN 55407United States Department of Critical Care Atrium Health NavicentMaconGA 31201United States Division of Critical Care Medicine Mayo Clinic Health SystemMankatoMN 56001United States Society of Critical Care Medicine Mount ProspectIL 60056United States Division of Infectious Diseases Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of Internal MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Pulmonary Center Division of PulmonaryAllergyCritical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineEvans Center of Implementation and Improvement SciencesBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA 02118United States Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Texas A&M UniversityBryanTX 77807United States 不详

BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)course may be affected by environmental *** studies previously suggested a link between climatological factors and COVID-19 fatality ***,individual-level impact of these factors has not been thoroughly evaluated *** To study the association of climatological factors related to patient location with unfavorable outcomes in *** In this observational analysis of the Society of Critical Care Medicine Discovery Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study:COVID-19 Registry cohort,the latitudes and altitudes of hospitals were examined as a covariate for mortality within 28 d of admission and the length of hospital *** for baseline parameters and admission date,multivariable regression modeling was *** estimating equations were used to fit the *** Twenty-two thousand one hundred eight patients from over 20 countries were *** median age was 62(interquartile range:49-74)years,and 54%of the included patients were *** median age increased with increasing latitude as well as the frequency of ***,the percentage of comorbidities was lower in elevated *** within 28 d of hospital admission was found to be 25%.The median hospital-free days among all included patients was 20 *** the significant linear relationship between mortality and hospital-free days(adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=1.39(1.04,1.86),P=0.025 for mortality within 28 d of admission;aOR=-1.47(-2.60,-0.33),P=0.011 for hospital-free days),suggesting that adverse patient outcomes were more common in locations further away from the Equator;the results were no longer significant when adjusted for baseline differences(aOR=1.32(1.00,1.74),P=0.051 for 28-day mortality;aOR=-1.07(-2.13,-0.01),P=0.050 for hospital-free days).When we looked at the altitude’s effect,we discovered that it demonstrated a non-linear association with mortality wi

关键词： 28 d mortality Altitude COVID-19 Hospital-free days Latitude Outcomes

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