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National science Review 2022年第9期9卷 10-18页

作者： J.Miguel Carceller karen s.arias Maria J.Climent sara Iborra Avelino Corma Instituto de Tecnologia Química (UPV-CsIC) Universitat Politècnica de València

Amino transaminases(ATAs) have been supported on a 2D ITQ-2 zeolite through electrostatic interactions, resulting in a highly stable active biocatalyst to obtain a variety of valuable chiral amines starting from prochiral ketones derived from biomass. We have extended the biocatalyst applications by designing a chemo-enzymatic process that allows, as the first step, prochiral ketones to be obtained from biomass-derived compounds through an aldol condensation–reduction step using a bifunctional metal/base catalyst. The prochiral ketone is subsequently converted into the chiral amine using the immobilized ATA. We show that it is feasible to couple both steps in a semi-continuous process to produce industrially relevant chiral amines with yields of >95% and ～100% enantiomer excess.

关键词： amino transaminase ITQ-2 zeolite chemo-enzymatic process biomass semi-continuous process Pd/MgO

Hydrochar and synthetic natural gas co-production for a full circular economy implementation via hydrothermal carbonization and methanation:An economic approach

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第6期140卷 69-78页

作者： Judith González-arias Guillermo Torres-sempere Miriam González-Castaño Francisco MBaena-Moreno Tomás RReina Inorganic Chemistry Department and Materials sciences Institute University of Seville-CSICSevilleSpain Materials sciences Institute(ICMsE) CSIC-University of SevilleSevilleSpain Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSE 41296Sweden

Herein we study the economic performance of hydrochar and synthetic natural gas coproduction from olive tree pruning.The process entails a combination of hydrothermal carbonization and methanation.In a previous work,we evidenced that standalone hydrochar production via HTC results unprofitable.Hence,we propose a step forward on the process design by implementing a methanation,adding value to the gas effluent in an attempt to boost the overall process techno-economic aspects.Three different plant capacities were analyzed(312.5,625 and 1250 kg/hr).The baseline scenarios showed that,under the current circumstances,our circular economy strategy in unprofitable.An analysis of the revenues shows that hydrochar selling price have a high impact on NPV and subsidies for renewable coal production could help to boost the profitability of the process.On the contrary,the analysis for natural gas prices reveals that prices 8 times higher than the current ones in spain must be achieved to reach profitability.This seems unlikely even under the presence of a strong subsidy scheme.The costs analysis suggests that a remarkable electricity cost reduction or electricity consumption of the HTC stage could be a potential strategy to reach profitability scenarios.Furthermore,significant reduction of green hydrogen production costs is deemed instrumental to improve the economic performance of the process.These results show the formidable techno-economic challenge that our society faces in the path towards circular economy societies.

关键词： Hydrothermal carbonization CO_(2)waste valorization Methanation Profitability analysis

Assessment of laryngologists'ratings on physician review websites

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery 2024年第1期10卷 1-6页

作者： Meleeka Akbarpour karen Tawk Madelyn Frank Alizah s.Gomez Navid Mostaghni Mehdi Abouzari Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery University of CaliforniaIrvineUSA

Objective:To assess and characterize online ratings and comments on laryngologists and determine factors that correlate with higher ratings.Methods:All the American Laryngological Association(ALA)members were queried across several online platforms.Ratings were normalized for comparison on a five-point Likert scale.Ratings were categorized based on context and for positive/negative aspects.Results:Of the 331 ALA members,256(77%)were rated on at least one online platform.Across all platforms,the average overall rating was 4.39±0.61(range:1.00-5.00).specific positive ratings including“bedside manners,”“diagnostic accuracy,”“adequate time spent with patient,”“appropriate follow-up,”and“physician timeliness”had significant positive correlations to overall ratings,by Pearson's correlation(Ps had significant negative correlations to overall ratings(Psion:Online ratings and comments for laryngologists are significantly influenced by patient perceptions of bedside manner,physician competence,and time spent with the patient.

关键词： laryngologist online rating patient rating physician review website

synthesis of coral-like structures of Pr-Yb co-doped YIG: structural,optical, magnetic and antimicrobial properties

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 543-554,I0004页

作者： A.Fernandez Francisca P.Araujo Y.Guerra s.Castro-Lopes J.Matilla-arias Idglan s.de Lima Edson C.silva-Filho Josy A.Osajima F.Guerrero R.Pena-Garcia Federal University of Piau Graduate Program in Materials Science and EngineeringTeresinaPIBrazil Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Academic Unit of Cabo de Santo AgostinhoCabo de Santo AgostinhoPEBrazil Federal University of Piaui Department of PhysicTeresinaPBrazil Federal University of Pernambuco Graduate Program in Materials ScienceRecifePEBrazil University of Granma Departmentof Basic Sciences and Applied InformaticsFaculty of Technical SciencesBayamoCuba Federal University of Amazonas Department of PhysicManausAMBrazil Federal University of Pernambuco Department of PhysicRecifePEBrazil

Coral-like structures of the Y_(3-x)Pr_(x)Fe_(5-y)Yb_(y)O_(12),(0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.04, 0.00 ≤ y ≤ 0.02) compound were synthesized using the sol-gel method. structural investigation certified the YIG cubic crystal structure formation, without any secondary phase. It is shown that, the relatively large ionic radius of the dopant cations results in an expansion of the lattice parameter, variations in the Iona-O-Iondangle, Iona-O,Iond-O and Ionc-O bond distances and decrease in the average crystallite size. Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) and Raman measurements are essential to testify the single-phase formation of YIG crystal structure and are observed changes in the stretching and vibrational modes, respectively. The morphological study, energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDs) spectra and textural properties show corallike structures, peaks associated with Pr^(3+) and Yb^(3+) atoms and the effect of dopants on surface area,diameter, and pore volume, respectively. The optical analysis from diffuse reflectance spectra witnessed an increase in the optical gap band, a decrease in Urbach energy and blue shift in the charge transfer,correlated with the expansion of the unit cell due to the dopant's insertion in the YIG structure. A typical ferrimagnetic behavior is exhibited by the Y_(3-x)Pr_(x)Fe_(5-y)Yb_(y)O_(12)compound. The saturation magnetization(M_(s)), cubic anisotropy constant(K_(1)) and coercive field(H_(c)) increase with the Pr^(3+)cations content, as consequence of their magnetic nature and distribution around of Fe^(3+)ions due to the coexistence with the Yb^(3+). Finally, for the first time, antibacterial tests by mean of the direct contact method were performed for YIG co-doped with Pr^(3+)and Yb^(3+)and it is shown that, relatively high dosages of Pr^(3+) cations favored the activity against s. aureus, therefore, a new biological property for YIG doped with rare earths is presented.

关键词： Yttrium iron garnet(YIG) Coral-like structures Rare earths Band gap energy Magnetic properties Antimicrobial properties

Are there sex-based disparities in cataract surgery?

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 137-143页

作者： Matthew D.Geiger Anne M.Lynch Alan G.Palestine Nathan C.Grove karen L.Christopher Richard s.Davidson Michael J.Taravella Naresh Mandava Jennifer L.Patnaik Department of Ophthalmology University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045USA

AIM:To investigate sex-based differences in the occurrence of intra-operative and post-operative complications and associated visual outcomes following cataract surgery.METHODs:This was a retrospective study of patients who had phacoemulsification cataract surgery at the University of Colorado school of Medicine.Data collected included the patient’s health history,ocular comorbidities,operative and post-operative complications,and the post-operative best corrected visual acuity(BCVA).The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariable logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to account for the correlation of some patients having two eyes included in the study.REsULTs:A total of 11977 eyes from 7253 patients were included in the study.Ocular comorbidities differed by sex,with males having significantly higher percentages of traumatic cataracts(males 0.7%vs females 0.1%),prior ocular surgery(6.7%vs 5.5%),and mature cataracts(2.8%vs 1.9%).Conversely,females had significantly higher rates of pseudoexfoliation(2.0%vs 3.2%).In unadjusted analysis,males had higher rates of posterior capsular rupture(0.8%vs 0.4%)and vitreous loss(1.0%vs 0.6%),but this difference was not significant after adjustment for confounders.Males had a significantly increased risk of post-operative retinal detachment,but in multivariable analysis this was no longer significant.Males were significantly less likely to undergo post-operative neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet(Nd:YAG)laser capsulotomy for posterior capsule opacification(OR=0.8,95%CI=0.7-0.9,P=0.0005).The BCVA was slightly worse for males pre-operatively;but post-operatively,both sexes exhibited similar visual acuity of snellen equivalent 20/25.CONCLUsION:The study finds that in a cohort of patients presenting for cataract surgery,sex differences exist in pre-operative comorbidities and surgical characteristics that contribute to higher rates of some complications for males.However,observed surgical complication rates exhibit almost no difference by sex afte

关键词： cataract surgery sex-based disparity phacoemulsification outcomes

Irrigation and nitrogen fertiliser optimisation in protected vegetable fields of northern China:Achieving environmental and agronomic sustainability

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第3期23卷 1022-1033页

作者： Bingqian Fan Yitao Zhang Owen Fenton karen Daly Jungai Li Hongyuan Wang Limei Zhai Xiaosheng Luo Qiuliang Lei shuxia Wu Hongbin Liu state Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China/Key Laboratory of Nonpoint source Pollution Control Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/lnstitute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Teagasc Environmental Research CentreWexford Y35Ireland Institute of Plant Nutrition Resources and Environmental SciencesHenan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou 450002China

Globally,sub-optimal use of nitrogen (N) fertiliser and elevated N irrigation groundwater have led to high leached nitrate (NO_(3)^(–)) losses from protected vegetable field systems.Optimising fertiliser and irrigation management in different soil types is crucial to reduce future N loads from such systems.The present 4-year study examined leached N loads from lysimeter monitoring arrays set up across 18 protected vegetable system sites encompassing the dominant soil types of northern China.The treatments applied at each field site were:1) a high N and high irrigation input treatment (HNHI);2) a low N but high irrigation input treatment (LNHI) and 3) a low N with low irrigation input treatment (LNLI).Results showed that the mean annual leached total nitrogen loads from the HNHI,LNHI and LNLI treatments were 325,294 and 257 kg N ha^(–1) in the fluvo-aquic soil,114,100 and 78 kg N ha^(–1) in the cinnamon soil and 79,68 and 57 kg N ha^(–1) in the black soil,respectively.The N dissolved in irrigation water in the fluvo-aquic soil areas was 8.26-fold higher than in the cinnamon areas.A structural equation model showed that N fertiliser inputs and leaching water amounts explained 14.7 and 81.8%of the variation of leached N loads,respectively.Correspondingly,reducing irrigation water by 21.5%decreased leached N loads by 20.9%,while reducing manure N and chemical N inputs by 22 and 25%decreased leached N loads by only 9.5%. This study highlights that protected vegetable fields dominated by fluvo-aquic soil need management to curtail leached N losses in northern China.

关键词： agriculture water quality nitrate groundwater irrigation management

Optimal transcorneal electrical stimulation parameters for preserving photoreceptors in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2543-2552页

作者： sam Enayati karen Chang Anton Lennikov Menglu Yang Cherin Lee Ajay Ashok Farris Elzaridi Christina Yen Kasim Gunes Jia Xie Kin-sang Cho Tor Paaske Utheim Dong Feng Chen schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear Department of OphthalmologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Institute of clinical medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Medical Biochemistry Oslo University HospitalUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Ophthalmology Drammen HospitalVestre Viken Hospital TrustDrammenNorway Department of Histology and Embryology School of MedicineMarmara UniversityIstanbulTurkiye

Retinitis pigmentosa is a hereditary retinal disease that affects rod and cone photoreceptors,leading to progressive photoreceptor loss.Previous research supports the beneficial effect of electrical stimulation on photoreceptor survival.This study aims to identify the most effective electrical stimulation parameters and functional advantages of transcorneal electrical stimulation(tcEs)in mice affected by inherited retinal degeneration.Additionally,the study seeked to analyze the electric field that reaches the retina in both eyes in mice and post-mortem humans.In this study,we recorded waveforms and voltages directed to the retina during transcorneal electrical stimulation in C57BL/6J mice using an intraocular needle probe with rectangular,sine,and ramp waveforms.To investigate the functional effects of electrical stimulation on photoreceptors,we used human retinal explant cultures and rhodopsin knockout(Rho^(-/-))mice,demonstrating progressive photoreceptor degeneration with age.Human retinal explants isolated from the donors’eyes were then subjected to electrical stimulation and cultured for 48 hours to simulate the neurodegenerative environment in vitro.Photoreceptor density was evaluated by rhodopsin immunolabeling.In vivo Rho^(-/-)mice were subjected to two 5-day series of daily transcorneal electrical stimulation using rectangular and ramp waveforms.Retinal function and visual perception of mice were evaluated by electroretinography and optomotor response(OMR),respectively.Immunolabeling was used to assess the morphological and biochemical changes of the photoreceptor and bipolar cells in mouse retinas.Oscilloscope recordings indicated effective delivery of rectangular,sine,and ramp waveforms to the retina by transcorneal electrical stimulation,of which the ramp waveform required the lowest voltage.Evaluation of the total conductive resistance of the post-mortem human compared to the mouse eyes indicated higher cornea-to-retina resistance in human eyes.The temperature recordings during and after electrical

关键词： bipolar cells electrical stimulation neuroprotection photoreceptor degeneration retina retinal explants retinitis pigmentosa transcorneal electrical stimulation waveform

Confirmation of a sub-saturn-size Transiting Exoplanet Orbiting a G Dwarf:TOI-1194 b and a Very Low Mass Companion star: TOI-1251 B from TEss

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期24卷 129-143页

作者： Jia-Qi Wang Xiao-Jun Jiang Jie Zheng Hanna Kellermann Arno Riffeser Liang Wang karen A.Collins Allyson Bieryla Lars A.Buchhave steve B.Howell Elise Furlan Eric Girardin Joao Gregorio Eric Jensen Felipe Murgas Mesut Yilmaz sam Quinn Xing Gao Ruo-Yu Zhou Frank Grupp Hui-Juan Wang CAs Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy Of SciencesBeijing 10010China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China University Observatory Munich Scheinertrsse 1.D-81679 MunichGemany Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Giessenbachstr.1D-85748 GarchingGermany National Astronomical Observatories/Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing210042China CAs Key Laboratory of Astronomical Optics&Technology Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&TechnologyNanjing 210042China Center for Astrophysics Harvard&Smithsonian60 Garden Street.CambridgeMA 02138USA National space Institute Technical University of DenmarkElektrovejDK-2800 KgsLyngbyDenmark NAsA Ames Research Center Moffett FieldCA 94035USA NAsA Exoplanet science Institute Caltech/IPACMail Code 100-221200 E.California Blvd.PasadenaCA91125USA Grand Pra Observatory Switzerland Department of Physics Washington UniversitySt.LouisMO 63130.USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Swarthmore CollegeSwarthmorePA 19081USA Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias(IAC) E-38205 La Laguna.TenerifeSpain Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La LagunaSpain Dept.of Astronomy and space sciences Ankara UniversityTandogan 06100AnkaraTurkey Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Urumqi No.1 senior High school Urumqi 830002China Lijiang Gemini Observatory Lijiang 674199China

We report the confirmation of a sub-saturn-size exoplanet,TOI-1194 b,with a mass of about 0.456+0.055-0.051M_(J),and a very low mass companion star with a mass of about 96.5±1.5 MJ,TOI-1251 *** candidates provided by the Transiting Exoplanet survey satellite(TEss)are suitable for further follow-up observations by ground-based telescopes with small and medium apertures.The analysis is performed based on data from several telescopes worldwide,including telescopes in the sino-German multiband photometric campaign,which aimed at confirming TEss Objects of Interest(TOIs)using ground-based small-aperture and medium-aperture telescopes,especially for long-period targets.TOI-1194 b is confirmed based on the consistent periodic transit depths from the multiband photometric data.We measure an orbital period of 2.310644±0.000001 days,the radius is 0.767+0.045-0.041RJ and the amplitude of the RV curve is 69.4_(-7.3)^(+7.9)m s^(-1).TOI-1251 B is confirmed based on the multiband photometric and high-resolution spectroscopic data,whose orbital period is 5.963054+0.000002-0.000001days,radius is 0.947+0.035-0.033 R_(J) and amplitude of the RV curve is 9849_(-40)^(+42)ms^(-1).

关键词： planets and satellites fundamental parameters-planets and satellites gaseous planets-stars fundamental parameters-stars low-mass-methods data analysis-techniques photometric-techniques spectroscopic

The ALMaQUEsT survey XV: The dependence of the molecular-to-atomic gas ratios on resolved optical diagnostics

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年

作者： Niankun Yu Zheng Zheng Chao-Wei Tsai Pei Zuo sara L.Ellison David V.stark Di Li Jingwen Wu karen L.Masters Ting Xiao Yinghui Zheng Zongnan Li Kai Zhang Hongying Chen shu Liu sihan Jiao Fanyi Meng school of Physics Zhejiang University National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal University school of Astronomy and space science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Victoria Departments of Physics and Astronomy Haverford College space Telescope science Institute Zhejiang Laboratory New Cornerstone science Laboratory

The atomic-to-molecular gas conversion is a critical step in the baryon cycle of galaxies,which sets the initial conditions for subsequent star formation and influences the multi-phase interstellar medium.We compiled a sample of 94 nearby galaxies with observations of multi-phase gas contents by utilizing public H i,CO,and optical IFU data from the Ma NGA survey together with new FAsT H i observations.In agreement with previous results,our sample shows that the global molecular-to-atomic gas ratio Rmol=log MH2/MH1is correlated with the global stellar mass surface density μ*with a Kendall’sτcoefficient of 0.25and pss tightly but still correlated with stellar mass and NUV-r color,and not related to the specific star formation rate （ssFR）.The cold gas distribution and kinematics inferred from the H i and CO global profile asymmetry and shape do not significantly rely on Rmol.Thanks to the availability of kpc-scale observations of Ma NGA,we decompose galaxies into H ii,composite,and AGN-dominated regions by using the BPT diagrams.With increasing Rmol,the fraction of H ii regions within1.5 effective radius decreases slightly;the density distribution in the spatially resolved BPT diagram also changes significantly,suggesting changes in metallicity and ionization states.Galaxies with high Rmoltend to have high oxygen abundance,both at one effective radius with a Kendall’sτcoefficient of 0.37 (ps.Among all parameters investigated here,the oxygen abundance at one effective radius has the strongest relation with global Rmol.The dependence of gas conversion on gas distribution and galaxy ionization states is weak.In contrast,the observed positive relation between oxygen abundance（μ*） and Rmolindicates that the gas conversion is efficient in regions of high metallicity （density）.

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Thermo-electro-mechanical microstructural interdependences in conductive thermoplastics

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 955-965页

作者： Javier Crespo-Miguel sergio Lucarini Angel arias Daniel Garcia-Gonzalez Department of Continuum Mechanics and structural Analysis Universidad Carlos III de MadridAvda.de la Universidad 3028911 LeganésMadridSpain Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Imperial College of LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondon SW72AZUK

Additive manufacturing has enabled the design of thermoplastic components that provide structural support,electrical conductivity and heat generation modulated by mechanical deformation.The mechanisms and interplays that govern the material response at the microstructural level remain,however,elusive.Here,we develop an experimental method to characterise conductive filaments from a combined mechanical,electrical and thermal perspective.This approach is used to unravel exciting material interplays of conductive polylactic acid.To overcome experimental limitations that prevent a complete microstructural analysis of the problem,we develop a full-field homogenisation framework and implement it for finite elements.The framework accounts for viscoplasticity,electrical and thermal conduction,convection and heat generation via Joule effect,as well as for the interdependences between them.After experimental validation,the framework is applied to virtually optimise fabrication requirements to obtain desired properties in final products,i.e.,stiffer products,filaments with higher conductivities or with better sensing capabilities.

关键词： conductive electrical overcome