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A critical review of national phys.cal activity policies.relating to children and young people in England

Journal of s.ort and Health s.ience 2021年第3期10卷 255-262,F0003页

作者： Anna Chalkley karen Milton s.hool of s.ort Exercise and Health SciencesLoughborough UniversityLoughborough LE113TUUK Norwich Medical s.hool University of East AngliaNorwich NR47TJUK

Background:There has.been an increas.ng focus.on the importance of national policy to addres. population levels.of phys.cal *** has.been s.gges.ed that the 4 corners.ones.of policy compris.(1)national guidelines.on phys.cal activity(PA),(2)s.tting population goals.and targets.(3)s.rveillance or health-monitoring s.s.ems.and(4)public *** current s.udy aimed to review the policy actions.that have addres.ed each of thes. elements.for children and youth in England and to identify areas.of progres. and remaining ***:A literature s.arch was.undertaken to identify pas. and pres.nt documents.relevant to PA policy for children and youth in *** document was.analyzed to identify content relevant to the 4 corners.ones.of ***:Phys.cal activity guidelines.Corners.one 1)for children and youth have been in place s.nce 1998 and reviewed *** activity targets.Corners.one 2)have focus.ed on the provis.on of opportunities.for PA,mainly through phys.cal education in s.hools.rather than in relation to the proportion of children meeting recommended PA *** has.been much s.rveillance(Corners.one 3)of children’s.PA,but this.has.been undertaken infrequently over time and with varying inclus.ons.of differing domains.of *** has.been only 1 campaign(Corners.one 4)that targeted children and their intermediaries.Change4Life,which was.an obes.ty campaign focus.ing on dietary behavior in combination with *** recently,a government infographic s.pporting the PA guidelines.for children and young people was.developed,but details.of its.dis.emination and us.ge are ***:There have been many developments.in national PA policy in England targeted to children and young *** area of mos. s.gnificant progres. is.national PA *** prevalence targets.s.reamlining s.rveillance s.s.ems.and inves.ing in public education with s.pportive policies.environments.and opportunities.would s.

关键词： Phys.cal activity Policy Public education Recommendations s.rveillance

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Novel material tailoring method for internally pres.urized FG s.herical and cylindrical ves.els

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Acta Mechanica s.nica 2018年第5期34卷 936-948页

作者： Fayyaz Nos.uhi Dehnavi Ali Parvizi karen Abrinia s.hool of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran

A new material tailoring method for s.herical and cylindrical ves.els.made of functionally graded materials.(FGMs. is.*** is.as.umed that the FG material is.compos.d of an A1-s.C metallic-matrix compos.te.A uniform ratio of inplane s.ear s.res. to yield s.rength [φ(r)] is.us.d as.the des.gn criterion to utilize the maximum capacity of the *** aim is.to find a dis.ribution of s.C particles.in the radial direction,i.e.,f(r),that achieves.a uniform index φ(r) =cons.,through the wall thicknes. of the internally pres.urized s.herical or cylindrical *** the Mori-Tanaka and rule-of-mixtures.homogenization s.hemes.are us.d to expres. the effective elas.ic module and Pois.on's.***,the s.rength of the compos.te is.expres.ed bas.d on the rule of ***,finite element s.mulation is.carried out to verify the accuracy of the analytical *** effects.of input parameters.s.ch as.the internal pres.ure,s.rength of the s.C particles.ratio of in-plane s.ear s.res. to effective yield s.rength,and choice of homogenization s.heme on the tailored dis.ribution of the s.C volume fraction in the radial direction are als. inves.igated.

关键词： Material tailoring s.here Cylinder FGM Mori-Tanaka Rule of mixtures

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Defining s.res. among Corrections.Profes.ionals

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2021年第6期11卷 237-250页

作者： Jes.ica Ballin Meike Niederhaus.n Kerry s. kuehl Diane L. Elliot Wendy McGinnis.Carol De Frances.o Department of Health Promotion & s.orts.Medicine Oregon Health & Science University Portland OR USA Oregon Health & s.ience Univers.ty-Portland s.ate Univers.ty s.hool of Public Health Oregon Health & Science University Portland OR USA

Corrections.profes.ionals.experience high levels.of acute and chronic work-related s.res.. This.s.res. leads.to increas.d mental and phys.cal illnes., early dis.bility and mortality, and increas.d healthcare cos.s. Reducing s.res. requires.identifying and prioritizing factors.that contribute to it. Corrections.profes.ionals.(n = 296) working at s.x different Oregon Department of Corrections.facilities.completed a cros.-s.ctional s.rvey, including demographics. work his.ory and validated s.res. and occupational cons.ructs. The outcome of perceived s.res. was.meas.red us.ng the Perceived s.res. s.ale (Ps.-4 s.ort Form). Us.ng a linear mixed effects.regres.ion model, we found that perceived s.res. increas.s.with increas.d work-related s.res. (p = 0.02), work hours.(p = 0.03), operational s.res.ors.(p = 0.002), and lack of procedural injus.ice (p = 0.03) and decreas.s.with more time employed at current facility (p = 0.06), improved job s.tis.action (p s.(p = 0.05). Identifying thes. predictors.of s.res. can inform the development of policy changes.to mitigate the s.res. of this.challenged work force.

关键词： Perceived s.res. Corrections.Profes.ionals Work-Related s.res. Occupational s.res.ors Procedural Jus.ice

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Probiotics.for Antibiotic-As.ociated Diarrhea: What, When, and How Long?

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2022年第12期13卷 571-583页

作者： John R. Fergus.n karen Taylor New Paltz USA Biocodex Bedminster USA

Probiotics.have been formally defined as.“live microorganis.s.that confer a health benefit on the hos. when adminis.ered in adequate amounts.” Although a range of applications.has.been explored for probiotics. their utility in antibiotic-as.ociated diarrhea (AAD) is.both biologically plaus.ble and s.pported by abundant clinical evidence. However, the s.rength of evidence underlying the efficacy of s.ecific s.rains.and formulations.for AAD varies.widely. This.review leverages.recent meta-analys.s.and s.s.ematic reviews.to clarify s.me outs.anding is.ues.on the utility of probiotics.for AAD, including which s.rains.have evidence for efficacy in AAD, what dos.s.have been demons.rated to be effective, and the optimal duration of probiotic therapy, and provides.practical guidance on how to s.lect an appropriate product. s.me trends.emerged in this.analys.s.of recent meta-analys.s.and s.s.ematic reviews. including: 1) Certain probiotics. s.ch as.s.ccharomyces.boulardii and s.me Lactobacilli-containing products. are cons.s.ently found to be effective for the management of AAD;2) Dos.ng thres.olds.for efficacy exis. that mus. be achieved through the adminis.ration of probiotics.that reliably contain the labeled amounts.of probiotic cons.ituents.3) Mos. effective probiotics.are initiated at the s.me time as.antibiotic therapy and continued for between 1 and 3 weeks.after the ces.ation of therapy. Thes. data s.gges. that attention mus. be paid to s.ecies. dos., and duration when s.lecting an appropriate product for patients.initiating antibiotic therapy;further cons.derations.may include the antibiotic us.d and the patient’s.bas.line ris. for AAD.

关键词： Probiotics AAD s.ccharomyces.boulardii Lactobacilli

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Aus.ralia’s.Engagement with As.a in the National Curriculum

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Frontiers.of Education in China 2021年第1期16卷 60-78页

作者： karen GUO s.hool of Education Deakin UniversityBurwoodVictoria 3125Australia

The 2014 national curriculum of Aus.ralia is.a s.gnificant initiative that the Aus.ralian government has.taken in propos.ng a curriculum that s.res.es.Aus.ralia’s.engagement with *** practice,this.means.that As.an cultures.beliefs.environments.and the connections.between Aus.ralia and As.a are embedded in the learning proces.es.of Aus.ralian *** article provides.an analys.s.of Aus.ralia’s.engagement with As.a,which is.a cros.-curriculum priority in the Aus.ralian *** particular,us.ng the example of China,the article examines.the s.rengths.weaknes.es.opportunities.and threats.s.OT)analys.s.involved in Aus.ralia’s.engagement with As.a from an educational pers.ective,es.ecially during the global pandemic with the s.read of COVID-19 affecting the world s. *** intent of this.analys.s.is.to map out the educational factors.involved and cons.der what might happen to Aus.ralian s.udents.and s.hools.as.a res.lt of their engagement with the educational cultures.beliefs.and practices.of *** is.connected to the two countries.economic engagements.and people-to-people *** cons.dering s.me of the current dis.ours.s.that s.ape the Aus.ralia-China relations.ips.pos.ibilities.are opening up to rethink educational pos.tions.

关键词： As.an culture Aus.ralian curriculum global education international approach policy analys.s

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Racial differences.in pet owners.ip in families.of children with as.hma

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世界儿科杂志:英文版 2016年第3期12卷 343-346页

作者： s.ahid I s.eikh Judy Pitts.Nancy A Ryan-Wenger karen s.McCoy Don Hayes Departments.of Pediatrics The Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOhioUSA Internal Medicine The Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOhioUSA s.ction of Pulmonary Medicine Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOhioUSA Department of Nurs.ng Res.arch Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOhioUSA s.ction of Allergy/Immunology Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOhioUSA

Background:Expos.re to hous.hold domes.ic animals.s.ch as.cats.and dogs.in early life may have s.me role in pathogenes.s.of *** differences.exis. in the prevalence of *** hypothes.zed that there may als. be racial differences.in pet owners.ip in families.with ***:A cros. s.ctional s.udy was.conducted from June 2011 to December 2014 on 823 of 850(97%)families.of children with as.hma for pet *** among racial groups.were done us.ng chi s.uare analys.s.and one-way analys.s.of ***:The mean age of the cohort was.6.9±4.4 years.A total of 540(65.62%)patients.were Caucas.an,195(23.7%)African American,42(5.1%)his.anics.and 26(3.2%)biracial with one Caucas.an *** in the home were reported by 470(58.5%)*** cantly fewer African American and his.anic families.had pets.in the home(26.9% and 44.7%)than biracial and Caucas.an families.72% and 69.9%,Ps.,s.gnificantly more biracial and Caucas.an families.were noted to have dogs.52% and 54.4%)or cats.25.4%and 40%)or both cats.and dogs.28% and 18%)than African Americans.families.20.3%,Ps.with as.hmatic children,pet owners.ip is.s.gnificantly more likely in Caucas.an families.compared with African-American and His.anic families.thus.there is.a racial divers.ty in pet owners.ip among families.of children with as.hma.

关键词： as.hma cat children dog ethnicity pets

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Effects.of alkaline-electrolyzed and hydrogen-rich water,in a high-fat-diet nonalcoholic fatty liver dis.as. mous. model

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World Journal of Gas.roenterology 2018年第45期24卷 5095-5108页

作者： karen Jacks.n Noa Dres.ler Rotem s.Ben-s.us.an Ari Meers.n Tyler W LeBaron s.ait Tamir Laboratory of Human Health and Nutrition s.iences MIGAL-Galilee Research InstituteKyriat Shmona 11016Israel Tel Hai College Upper Galilee 12110Israel Center of Experimental Medicine Institute for Heart ResearchSlovak Academy of SciencesBratislava 84005Slovakia Molecular Hydrogen Ins.itute UT 48101United States

AIM To identify the effect of hydrogen-rich water(HRW) and electrolyzed-alkaline water(EAW) on high-fat-induced non-alcoholic fatty acid dis.as. in *** Mice were divided into four groups.(1) Regular diet(RD)/regular water(RW);(2) high-fat diet(HFD)/RW;(3) RD/EAW; and(4) HFD/EAW. Weight and body compos.tion were meas.red. After twelve weeks. animals.were s.crificed, and livers.were proces.ed for his.ology and revers.-trans.riptas. polymeras. chain reaction. A s.milar experiment was.performed us.ng HRW to determine the influence and importance of molecular hydrogen(H2) in EAW. Finally, we compared the res.ons. of hepatocytes.is.lated from mice drinking HRW or RW to palmitate *** EAW had s.veral properties.important to the s.udy:(1) pH = 11;(2) oxidation-reduction potential of-495 mV; and(3) H2 = 0.2 mg/L. However, in contras. to other s.udies. there were no differences.between the groups.drinking EAW or RW in either the RD or HFD groups. We hypothes.zed that the null res.lt was.due to low H2 concentrations. Therefore, we evaluated the effects.of RW and low and high HRW concentrations.L-HRW = 0.3 mg H2/L and H-HRW = 0.8 mg H2/L, res.ectively) in mice fed an HFD. Compared to RW and L-HRW, H-HRW res.lted in a lower increas. in fat mas.(46% vs.61%), an increas. in lean body mas.(42% vs.28%), and a decreas. in hepatic lipid accumulation(P s.ly, expos.re of hepatocytes.is.lated from mice drinking H-HRW to palmitate overload demons.rated a protective effect from H2 by reducing hepatocyte lipid accumulation in comparis.n to mice drinking regular *** H2 is.the therapeutic agent in electrolyzed-alkaline water and attenuates.HFD-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver dis.as. in mice.

关键词： Hydrogen-rich-water Nonalcoholic fatty liver dis.as. Alkaline water Metabolic s.ndrome Molecular hydrogen High-fat diet

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Portugues. For Dummies 2

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丛书名： --For dummies

2013年

作者： karen Keller

ISBN: (数字)9781118461266

ISBN: (纸本)1118399218;9781118399217

The fas. and eas. way to learn to s.eak Brazilian Portugues.Quick! What's.the mos. widely s.oken language in s.uth America? That's.right, Portugues.! And what's.the fas.es., eas.es., mos. enjoyable way to learn Portugues.? Portugues. for Dummies. of cours.! This.fun, friendly guide helps.you s.art s.eaking Brazilian Portugues. immediately!Whether you're a s.udent, a traveler, or you work in bus.nes. or government, you'll love its.practical les.ons. cultural facts. and handy references.including a Portugues.-Englis. mini-dictionary, lis.s.of vital verbs. and more!Have everyday convers.tions.in Portugues.Make s.ns. of Portugues. grammarUs. idioms.and popular expres.ions.mprove your pronunciationGras. verb conjugations.et around in Portugues.-s.eaking countries.ortugues. For Dummies.comes.complete with a CD loaded with real-life dialogues.that help you unders.and and pronounce this.lovely, lyrical language with ***-ROM/DVD and other s.pplementary materials.are not included as.part of the e-book file, but are available for download after purchas.

关键词： dummies literature language portugues.

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Ins.ghts.into s.cial relations.ips.among female black howler monkeys.Alouatta pigra at Palenque National Park, Mexico

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Current Zoology 2011年第1期57卷 1-7页

作者： s.rie VAN BELLE Alejandro Es.RADA karen B. s.RIER Department of Zoology University of Wisconsin-Madison USA Es.aclon de Blologla Tropical Los.Tuxtlas Instituto de Biologfa Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Mexico Department of Anthropology University of Wisconsin-Madison USA

We inves.igated the s.cial relations.ips.among adult females.in two multimale-multifemale groups.of black howler monkeys.louatta pigraduring a 14-month s.udy in Palenque National Park, Mexico. Bas.d on over 900 focal hours.and over 5400 s.an s.mples.recording neighboring group members. we found that females.very rarely engaged in agonis.ic interactions.and no dominance hierarchy could be dis.erned. Relations.ips.among res.dent females.were primarily affiliative, but females.of one s.udy group s.ent a higher proportion of time in clos. proximity and engaged in affiliative interactions.with one another at higher rates.than females.in the other s.udy group. The s.rength of female relations.ips.increas.d with the birth of an infant. Although no females.immigrated during the s.udy period, the temporary as.ociation of three extragroup females.with our s.udy groups.implies.that the s.cial s.s.em of black howler monkeys.is.more dynamic than previous.y s.gges.ed. Thes. findings.s.gges. that female black howler monkeys.behave more s.milarly to female red howler monkeys.. s.niculus.han to female mantled howler monkeys.. palliata.

关键词：国家公园社会关系墨西哥雌性猴层次结构相互作用社会制度

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Melanoma of the vulva: A retros.ective s.udy of 46 cas.s.from Queens.and

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Open Journal of Obs.etrics.and Gynecology 2012年第2期2卷 120-126页

作者： Ian s. C. Jones.Alex Crandon karen s.nday Queens.and Centre for Gynaecological Cancer Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital Brisbane Australia

Objective: To review the records.of cas.s.of vulvar melanoma referred to the Queens.and Centre for Gynaecological Cancer (QCGC) between 1986 and 2009 recognis.ng the high incidence of cutaneous.melanoma in Queens.and. Methods. Vulvar melanoma cas. data from QCGC were reviewed and analys.d us.ng the computer s.ftware s.atis.ical Package for the s.cial s.iences.(s.s.) 11.0. Res.lts. Of the 46 cas.s.22 died of their dis.as., nine died of other dis.as.s. ten are s.ill alive and five los. to follow up. The mean age at diagnos.s.was.65.5 years.for nodular melanoma and 69 years.for s.perficial s.reading melanoma. All cas.s.were Caucas.an. Time from on-s.t of s.mptoms.to diagnos.s.averaged 3.2 months. In all 46 cas.s.diagnos.s.was.confirmed his.ologically. Pres.nting s.mptoms.included lumps. itch, s.inging, bleeding and pain. The mos. common pres.nting complaint was.a lump. The initial treatment was.s.rgical without a trend to a les. radical approach to management. Conclus.ons. Vulvar melanoma prognos.s.remains.guarded. Increas.d tumor s.ze, depth of invas.on, mitotic rate, groin lymph node pos.tivity and s.atus.of dis.as. at the margins.of s.rgical s.ecimens.reliably equate to long term outcome. The incidence of vulvar melanoma was.not increas.d in Queens.and.

关键词： Vulvar Melanoma Diagnos.s Management Outcome Follow-Up

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