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A novel diagnostic gene region for distinguishing between two pest fruit flies:Bactrocera tryoni(froggatt)and Bactrocera neohumeralis(Hardy)(Diptera:Tephritidae)

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1285-1295页

作者： Melissa L.Starkie Elizabeth V.fowler Alexander M.Piper Xiaocheng Zhu Pauline Wyatt David Gopurenko Matt N.Krosch francesca Strutt karen f.armstrong Hamish Patrick Mark K.Schutze Mark J.Blacket Department of Agriculture and fisheries BiosecurityBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Agriculture Victoria AgriBioBundooraVictoriaAustralia Department of Primary Industries Wagga Wagga Agricultural InstituteWagga WaggaNew South WalesAustralia forensic Services Group Queensland Police ServiceBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Department of Pest-management and Conservation Lincoln UniversityLincolnNew Zealand Better Border Biosecurity(B3 B3nz.org.nz)LincolnNew Zealand

Bactrocera tryoni and Bactrocera neohumeralis are morphologically similar sibling pest fruit fly species that possess different biological attributes,geographic distributions,and host *** need to differentiate between the two species is critical for accurate pest status assessment,management,biosecurity,and maintenance of reference *** morphologically similar,adults may be separated based on subtle characters;however,some characters exhibit intraspecific variability,creating overlap between the two ***,there is currently no single molecular marker or rapid diagnostic assay that can reliably distinguish between *** and ***;therefore,ambiguous samples remain *** we report the first molecular marker that can consistently distinguish between *** and *** diagnostic region consists of two adjacent single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)within the pangolin(pan)gene *** confirmed the genotypes of each species are consistent across their distributional range,then developed a tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system(ARMS)PCR assay for rapid diagnosis of the *** assay utilizes four primers in multiplex,with two outer universal primers,and two internal primers:one designed to target two adjacent SNPs(AA)present in *** and the other targeting adjacent SNPs present in ***(GG).The assay accurately discriminates between the two species,but their SNP genotypes are shared with other nontarget tephritid fruit fly ***,this assay is most suited to adult diagnostics where species confirmation is necessary in determining ambiguous surveillance trap catches;maintaining pure colony lines;and in Sterile Insect Technique management responses.

关键词： ARMS-PCR colony molecular diagnostics pangolin tetra-primer

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Bio/hydrochar Sorbents for Environmental Remediation

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2020年第4期3卷 453-468页

作者： Xingguang Zhang Yang Wang Junmeng Cai karen Wilson Adam f.Lee College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Department of Chemistry School of ScienceUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Biomass Energy Engineering Research Center School of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Science RMIT UniversityMelbourne VIC 3000Australia

A rising global population and aspirational higher living standards has driven a step change in resource utilization and concomitant anthropogenic pollution across the ***-cost and scalable technologies for environmental remediation are therefore urgently sought,with an emphasis on trash-to-treasure strategies that exploit abundant but underutilized waste by-products of existing *** are carbon-rich,porous solids produced by biomass pyrolysis under anaerobic or oxygen-scarce conditions at high temperature(350–700°C),while hydrochars are produced by hydrothermal biomass carbonization at lower temperature(130–250°C)and high autogenous pressures(0.3–4.0 MPa).Bio/hydrochars possess unique physicochemical properties,notably high surface areas(100–1500 m2 g-1)and porosity(0.25–2.5 cm^(3)g^(-1))and rich surface chemistry featuring carboxylic,phenolic,hydroxyl,and carbonyl functions,amenable to chemical,physical,or biochemical modification,rendering them ideal sorbents for pollutants such as heavy metals(*** and Cr),and toxic organic(e.g.,dyes and xenobiotics)and inorganic(e.g.,SO_(2))***/hydrochars are attractive for environmental remediation of pollutant mixtures by surface complexation,redox chemistry,electrostatic interactions/ion exchange,or *** review discusses recent opportunities and challenges in creating bio/hydrochar sorbents and their nanocomposites through grafting,doping,and chemical/physical activation,for the depollution of aquatic and atmospheric environments.

关键词： adsorption biochar environmental remediation hydrochar

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Novel material tailoring method for internally pressurized fG spherical and cylindrical vessels

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2018年第5期34卷 936-948页

作者： fayyaz Nosouhi Dehnavi Ali Parvizi karen Abrinia School of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran

A new material tailoring method for spherical and cylindrical vessels made of functionally graded materials (fGMs) is *** is assumed that the fG material is composed of an A1-SiC metallic-matrix composite.A uniform ratio of inplane shear stress to yield strength [φ(r)] is used as the design criterion to utilize the maximum capacity of the *** aim is to find a distribution of SiC particles in the radial direction,i.e.,f(r),that achieves a uniform index φ(r) =const,through the wall thickness of the internally pressurized spherical or cylindrical *** the Mori-Tanaka and rule-of-mixtures homogenization schemes are used to express the effective elastic module and Poisson's ***,the strength of the composite is expressed based on the rule of ***,finite element simulation is carried out to verify the accuracy of the analytical *** effects of input parameters such as the internal pressure,strength of the SiC particles,ratio of in-plane shear stress to effective yield strength,and choice of homogenization scheme on the tailored distribution of the SiC volume fraction in the radial direction are also investigated.

关键词： Material tailoring Sphere Cylinder fGM Mori-Tanaka Rule of mixtures

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Prospective cohort study on facial profile changes in infants with Robin sequence and healthy controls

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第6期20卷 581-589页

作者： Cornelia Wiechers Julian Sowula karen Kreutzer Christoph E.Schwarz Christina Weismann Michael Krimmel Christian f.Poets Bernd Koos Department of Neonatology Tuebingen University HospitalCalwerstrasse 772076 TuebingenGermany Center for Cleft Lip Palate and Craniofacial MalformationsTuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany Department of Orthodontics Tuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Tuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany

Background Various conservative and surgical approaches exist to treat Robin sequence(RS),but their effects on facial profile and mandibular catch-up growth are unclear.A functional treatment concept,used in our centre for 25 years,includes an individualized palatal plate with a velo-pharyngeal extension and intensive feeding *** We performed a prospective study to objectively describe facial profiles in infants with RS treated with the above *** with isolated RS were admitted to our tertiary perinatal and national referral centre for craniofacial malformations between May 2018 and Nov *** with RS received 3D-photographs during clinically indicated *** controls were recruited from Dec 2018 to Sep 2019 and received 3D-photographs every 3 *** digitally measured jaw index(JI),defined as alveolar overjet(O)x maxillary arch(U)/mandibular arch(L),and the soft tissue reference points A’-point,Nasion’,B’-point angle(ANB’),describing the relative position of maxilla to mandible,were *** mixed models were used to examine time trajectories in JI and ANB’.Results A total of 2073D images,obtained in 19 infants with RS and 32 controls,were *** and ANB’decreased over time in both groups[for JI−0.18(95%CI−0.25 to−0.10);for ANB’:−0.40°per month[(95%CI−0.48 to−0.32)]]but remained lower in controls[for JI−2.5(95%CI−3.2 to−1.8);for ANB’-1.7°(95%CI−2.4 to−1.0)].Also,the ANB’model showed a significant effect of the interaction term diagnosis x *** Based on longitudinal 3D images,we describe changes in objective parameters of facial profile in infants with and without RS during the first year of *** findings indicate catch-up growth in infants treated for RS.

关键词： Infant Mandibular catch-up growth Pre-epiglottic Baton Plate Robin sequence Three-dimensional photography

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Taxonomic placement of Epichloëpoae *** horizontal dissemination to seedlings via conidia

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fungal Diversity 2012年第3期54卷 117-131页

作者： Mariusz Tadych karen V.Ambrose Marshall S.Bergen faith C.Belanger James f.White Jr Department of Plant Biology and Pathology Rutgers University59 Dudley RoadNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA

A new Epichloëspecies distributed in Africa,Europe,North America and South America on host genera Bromus,festuca,Lolium and Poa is ***,characteristic of the genus,frequently occurred on the reproductive tillers of Poa secunda ***,but neither perithecia nor mature asci were *** cells and conidial characteristics were in the range of Epichloë*** of the genes encodingβ-tubulin(tub2)and translation elongation factor 1-α(tef1)were amplified and *** analyses of these sequences grouped the Poa secunda *** endophyte into one group within a non-hybrid Epichloëspecies *** the basis of morphology,host range and evolutionary history we propose that this endophyte represents a new species of Epichloë.The name Epichloëpoae is proposed for this *** infectivity of the conidia produced on plants was *** the first experiment,using conidia of Epichloëpoae from leaves and endophytefree seeds of Poa secunda *** we show that when germinating seeds and developing seedlings of the plant were exposed to conidia,28–57%of seedlings became infected by the *** non-inoculated control plants showed no colonization by the *** the following spring after vernalization,colonized plants on flowering culms produced stromata with *** the second experiment,using stromal conidia and the same procedure,19–42%of seedlings of Poa secunda *** became colonized by the *** results demonstrate that Epichloëpoae may spread to uninfected grass hosts by conidia frequently formed on the surfaces of plant leaves as well as by conidia formed on stromata.

关键词： Endophyte Epiphyllous Evolution Neotyphodium Poa secunda subsp juncifolia Seed

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Effects of urea plus nitrate pretreated rice straw and corn oil supplementation on fiber digestibility,nitrogen balance,rumen fermentation,microbiota and methane emissions in goats

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第2期10卷 491-500页

作者： Xiumin Zhang Rodolfo f.Medrano Min Wang karen A.Beauchemin Zhiyuan Ma Rong Wang Jiangnan Wen Lukuyu A.Bernard Zhiliang Tan Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry ProductionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125HunanChina University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Veterinary Science and Medicine Central Luzon State UniversityScience City of Munoz3120 Nueva EcijaPhilippines College of Animal Science and Technology Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128People’s Republic of China Agriculture and Agri-food Canada Lethbridge Research and Development CentreLethbridgeAlberta T1J 4B1Canada International livestock Research Institute POB 30709Nairobi 00100Kenya.

Background: Urea pretreatment is an efficient strategy to improve fiber digestibility of low quality roughages for ruminants. Nitrate and oil are usually used to inhibit enteric methane(CH4) emissions from ruminants. The objective of this study was to examine the combined effects of urea plus nitrate pretreated rice straw and corn oil supplementation to the diet on nutrient digestibility, nitrogen(N) balance, CH4 emissions, ruminal fermentation characteristics and microbiota in goats. Nine female goats were used in a triple 3 × 3 Latin Square design(27 d periods). The treatments were: control(untreated rice straw, no added corn oil), rice straw pretreated with urea and nitrate(34 and 4.7 g/kg of rice straw on a dry matter [DM] basis, respectively, UN), and UN diet supplemented with corn oil(15 g/kg soybean and15 g/kg corn were replaced by 30 g/kg corn oil, DM basis, UNCO).Results: Compared with control, UN increased neutral detergent fiber(NDf) digestibility(P f protozoa(P f butyrate(-18.2%, P f protozoa(P f digestibility(+8.3%, P f rice straw pretreated with urea plus nitrate and corn oil supplementation of the diet improved fiber digestibility and lowered enteric CH4 emissions without negative effects on N retention. These strategies improved the utilization of rice straw by goats.

关键词： Dissolved hydrogen Methane Nitrate Oil Rumen fermentation Urea

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YAP activates pancreatic stellate cells and enhances pancreatic fibrosis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第6期21卷 583-589页

作者： Lennard Spanehl Denis Revskij karen Bannert Luise Ehlers Robert Jaster Department of Medicine Ⅱ Division of GastroenterologyRostock University Medical CenterErnst-Heydemann-Str.618057 RostockGermany

Background:Pancreatic stellate cells(PSCs)foster the progression of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and chronic pancreatitis(CP)by producing a dense fibrotic ***,the incomplete knowledge of PSCs biology hampers the exploration of antifibrotic ***,we explored the role of the Hippo pathway in the context of PSCs activation and experimental ***:CP model was created in rats with the tail vein injection of dibutyltin dichloride(DBTC).The expression of Yes-associated protein(YAP)in CP tissue was *** and immortalized rats PSCs were treated with the YAP-inhibitor ***,YAP siRNA was ***,DNA synthesis,cell survival,levels ofα-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)protein,presence of lipid droplets and PSCs gene expression were *** regulators of YAP signaling were studied by reporter gene ***:In DBTC-induced CP,pronounced expression of YAP in areas of tubular structures and periduc-tal fibrosis was *** diminished DNA replication in PSCs in a dose-dependent *** of YAP reduced cell *** cultures of PSCs were characterized by a de-crease of lipid droplets and increased synthesis ofα-SMA *** processes were not affected by *** the non-cytotoxic concentration of 100 nmol/L,verteporfin significantly reduced mRNA levels of transforming growth factor-β1(Tgf-β1)and Ccn family member 1(Ccn1).YAP signaling was acti-vated by TGf-β1,but repressed by interferon-γ.Conclusions:Activated YAP enhanced PSCs *** antifibrotic potential of Hippo pathway in-hibitors warrants further investigation.

关键词： Hippo pathway Pancreatic stellate cells fibrosis Pancreatic cancer Chronic pancreatitis

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Comparison of human face matching behavior and computational image similarity measure

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Science in China(Series f) 2009年第2期52卷 316-321页

作者： CHEN Wenfeng LIU ChangHong LANDER karen fU XiaoLan State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Department of Psychology University of Hull Hull HU6 7RX UK School of Psychological Sciences University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK

Computational similarity measures have been evaluated in a variety of ways, but few of the validated computational measures are based on a high-level, cognitive criterion of objective similarity. In this paper, we evaluate two popular objective similarity measures by comparing them with face matching performance in human observers. The results suggest that these measures are still limited in predicting human behavior, especially in rejection behavior, but objective measure taking advantage of global and local face characteristics may improve the prediction. It is also suggested that human may set different criterions for“hit” and “rejection”and this may provide implications for biologically-inspired computational systems.

关键词： image similarity human behaviour face matching objective measure subjective measure

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An Algorithm to compute damage from load in composites

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frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2011年第2期5卷 180-193页

作者： Cyrille f.DUNANT Stéphane P.A.BORDAS Pierre KERfRIDEN karen L.SCRIVENER Timon RABCZUK University of Toronto Department of civil engineeringGalbraith buildingToronto M5S 1A4Canada Laboratory of Construction Materials EPFLLausanneSwitzerland Institute of Structural Mechanics Chair of Computational MechanicsBauhaus University WeimarWeimar 99423Germany

We present a new method to model fracture of concrete based on energy *** concrete is considered on the mesoscale as composite consisting of cement paste,aggregates and micro *** this first step,the alkali-silica reaction is taken into account through damage mechanics though the process is more complex involving thermo-hygro-chemo-mechanical *** use a non-local damage model that ensures the wellposedness of the boundary value problem(BVP).In contrast to existing methods,the interactions between degrees of freedom evolve with the damage *** results are compared to analytical and experimental results and show good agreement.

关键词： Concrete damage prediction modelling energy minimisation ASR

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Reproductive patterns in Araucaria araucana forests in the Andean range, Chile

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 252-261页

作者： Sergio Donoso karen Pe?a-Rojas Claudia Espinoza Carolain Badaracco Rómulo Santelices-Moya Antonio Cabrera-Ariza Mediterranean forests Laboratory Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation Centro Secano Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences Universidad Católica del Maule Maule Advanced Studies Research Center Vice-Rector's Office for Research and Postgraduate Studies Catholic University of Maule

Background Araucaria araucana is a mast species that presents a high variability in annual cone production. Researchers have recorded synchronization events in cone production in different populations, which allows the seed production to be concentrated, reducing the percentage of seeds consumed by different animal *** We sampled three populations located in the Andes Mountains, Araucanía Region, Chile. In 2004 we began the collection of data on cone production, for which we installed permanent plots（1200 m2each） at each location. We identified and labeled each female tree in each plot to monitor its cone production. In 2012 we selected a total of 30 trees near the plots to evaluate the number of seeds per cone. In each february from 2012 to 2014 we selected two mature cones and covered them with a porous mesh for subsequent collection and storage in March. At the beginning of June, we counted and weighed the seeds, determining the average weight, the number of seeds per cone, the germination capacity（GC）, and the germination speed（GS）.Results Cone production was synchronous across the three locations. We observed significant differences among the locations and years evaluated. The cones had fewer seeds in 2013（high production） compared to those in 2012（low production）, but their weights were similar. In 2014 the cones produced smaller seeds in fewer quantities. The difference between the years 2013 and 2014 resulted from the high-energy expenditure in 2013. Regarding GC and GS, there were significant differences among the three locations（GC: f = 45.41, p f = 96.08, p f cones produced in a given year. These annual fluctuations in seed production are determining factors in the population dynamics of forest species. Our results allow a better understanding of the reproductive phenology of A. araucana and could hel

关键词： Seed weight Germination potential Masting species Sustainable use Dioecious species

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