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New experimental methodology to evaluate lubrication properties of synovial fluid containing worn tissue particles in osteoarthritis patients

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摩擦:英文版 2023年第11期11卷 2132-2141页

作者： Israel DVIR kareem ABD-RBO David SEGAL Leonid(Arieh)KANDEL Haytam KASEM Department of Mechanical Engineering Azrieli College of EngineeringJerusalem 9103501Israel Department of Orthopedic Surgery Hadassah Mount Scopus HospitalJerusalem 9103501Israel

Studying the lubrication properties of osteoarthritis(OA)synovial fluid(SF)enables an understanding of the boundary lubrication joint,mobility,and ***,tribology has never been combined with the clinical reality of the presence of worn particles within the synovial fluid and how they affect the osteoarthritic *** of the problem relates to the tribology methods studying friction by applying inadequate pin-on-disc *** this study,synovial fluid with and without worn particles was studied using a customized *** method enables opening the contact at the end of each cycle and simulates better contact conditions of a natural knee joint and can thus be applied for evaluating the severity of joint OA and the treatment given to the patient.

关键词： osteoarthritis(OA) tribology synovial fluid(SF) pin-on-plate

Tauroursodeoxycholic acid: a potential therapeutic tool in neurodegenerative diseases

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 444-460页

作者： kareem Khalaf Paolo Tornese Antoniangela Cocco Alberto Albanese Department of Neurology IRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalRozzanoMIItaly

Most neurodegenerative disorders are diseases of protein homeostasis, with misfolded aggregates accumulating. The neurodegenerative process is mediated by numerous metabolic pathways, most of which lead to apoptosis. In recent years, hydrophilic bile acids, particularly tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), have shown important anti-apoptotic and neuroprotective activities, with numerous experimental and clinical evidence suggesting their possible therapeutic use as disease-modifiers in neurodegenerative diseases. Experimental evidence on the mechanisms underlying TUDCA’s neuroprotective action derives from animal models of Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and cerebral ischemia. Preclinical studies indicate that TUDCA exerts its effects not only by regulating and inhibiting the apoptotic cascade, but also by reducing oxidative stress, protecting the mitochondria, producing an anti-neuroinflammatory action, and acting as a chemical chaperone to maintain the stability and correct folding of proteins. Furthermore, data from phase II clinical trials have shown TUDCA to be safe and a potential disease-modifier in ALS. ALS is the first neurodegenerative disease being treated with hydrophilic bile acids. While further clinical evidence is being accumulated for the other diseases, TUDCA stands as a promising treatment for neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Alzheimer’s disease Bile acids Disease-modifying Huntington’s disease Neurodegeneration Neuroprotection Parkinson’s disease Ursodeoxycholic acid Tauroursodeoxycholic acid

The Effect of Magnesium on Calcificaton of Coccolithophore Pleurochrysis Carterae

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The Effect of Magnesium on Calcificaton of Coccolithophore P...

作者： kareem Abdul 西南科技大学

学位级别：硕士

球藻是重要的单细胞超微浮游生物,广泛分布于海洋,是现代海洋中最高级的初级生产力之一。因此,它对海洋生态系统有着重要的影响,球石藻可以在生命过程中分泌生物碳酸钙,颗粒状化石蕴藏着丰富的地质信息,在古海洋中具有十分重要的意义。... 详细信息

球藻是重要的单细胞超微浮游生物,广泛分布于海洋,是现代海洋中最高级的初级生产力之一。因此,它对海洋生态系统有着重要的影响,球石藻可以在生命过程中分泌生物碳酸钙,颗粒状化石蕴藏着丰富的地质信息,在古海洋中具有十分重要的意义。本文研究了镁离子对颗石藻钙化的影响。颗粒状球虫是现代海洋中分布最广的一种,其特征为方解石鳞片,称为颗粒状。在海洋浮游植物类群中,颗石藻是必不可少的组成部分,它在全球范围内提供了类似的有机碳,(碳酸钙)碳酸盐(计数器)和有机碳泵(生物碳泵)。颗粒状无机碳或方解石在无花条件下可产生30～60%的碳酸钙,初级产物可贡献10～20%的总叶绿素。细胞产生可沉没的碳酸钙(CaC03)壳到深海制造白垩矿床,对碳和气候反馈的普遍生物地球化学循环具有重要意义,球石藻破坏了许多海洋链的基础,并在世界范围内广泛延伸。结果表明,PIC的产生在镁浓度的增加和POC浓度的降低方面影响较大。红外光谱分析结果表明,镁通过改变方解石的晶相转变为文石或无定形碳酸钙,改变了石英的钙化过程,培养基中的高镁浓度。在这项研究中,我们对钙化性球菌球蛋白进行了批量培养,我们观察了TH的反应。

关键词：钙化颗石藻镁生物矿化海洋浮游植物

A techno-economic analysis of aquaculture business in Ogun State,Nigeria

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2009年第2期27卷 415-420页

作者： R. O. kareem S. B. WILLIAMS Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty of AgricultureObafemi Awolowo University

Fish supplies 25% of the total protein source in developing countries. A techno-economic analysis was performed for developing a good business proposal for aquaculture loans to enhance aquaculture development in Nigeria. A case study of catfish Clarias gariepinus framing was conducted in Abeokuta North Local Government of Ogun State, Nigeria. The results show that the fixed cost is N18 338 per year, and the variable cost is N459 700 per year, accounting for the largest amount of the total; therefore, a profit of N43 289 per month can be made. Sensitivity analysis was performed to assess any risk(s) that associated with unfavorable changes in government policy with particular reference to monetary policy. Positive net present value shows that the investment in fish farm is economically feasible and the net investment ratio is 3.52. Also, the benefit-cost ratio is 2.17. The internal rate of return (IRR) is 21% showing that the enterprise is able to offset the interest being charged on the loan. It is therefore worthwhile to invest into fish farm business in the study area. The study suggests that to better sustain the local aquaculture business, the government should create a good conducive environment to foster development of the fish farming. Government intervention is urgently needed to solve problems such as in traditional land tenure, grant credit facilities and subsidies, to enhance the aquacultural development in the country.

关键词： aquaculture net present value B-C ratio net-investment-ratio internal rate of return

On chaotic properties of new semidynamical systems of Lasota type in two spaces

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2018年第5期11卷 201-215页

作者： Habeeb kareem Abdullah Amal Khalaf Haydar Yaqoob All Hussein Department of Mathematics Faculty of Education for Girls University of Kufa Najaf Iraq

The present study is concerned with construct two new semidynamical systems which are generated by two partial differential equations of Lasota type. In addition, this study discusses the asymptotic properties： Strong stability, exponential stability, periodic points, the density of periodic points, transitivity and chaos in two spaces： Lp space and Lp space.

关键词： Initial value problems for linear first-order equations stability periodic solutions chaotic dynamics.

Rubber plunger surface texturing for friction reduction in medical syringes

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Friction 2019年第4期7卷 351-358页

作者： Haytam KASEM Harel SHRIKI Lihi GANON Michael MIZRAHI kareem ABD-RBO Abraham JDOMB Department of Mechanical Engineering Azrieli College of EngineeringJerusalem9103501Israel Tribology Laboratory Department of Mechanical EngineeringTechnionHaifa32000Israel School of Pharmacy Faculty of Medicinethe Hebrew UniversityJerusalem9103501Israel

Friction is a genuine issue in the use of many medical devices involving rubbery materials such as plungers in medical syringes. This paper presents a new direction for the reduction of friction in medical syringes based on surface texturing of the rubber plunger. The specimens were prepared by casting poly(vinylsiloxane)(PVS) rubber into a pre-fabricated negative template obtained by 3D printing. Friction tests were performed on a home-made test-rig. It was clearly shown that friction resistance can be considerably manipulated when using textured plungers.

关键词： syringe rubber plunger surface texturing friction medical syringes

Effective damping of local low frequency oscillations in power systems integrated with bulk PV generation

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Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems 2021年第1期6卷 512-524页

作者： Ahmed Hesham Abd El-kareem Mohamed Abd Elhameed Mahmoud M.Elkholy Operation Engineer at New Capital Power Plant New Capital CityEgypt Electrical Power and Machines Department Faculty of EngineeringZagazig UniversityZagazigEgypt

High penetration of renewable sources into conventional power systems results in reduction of system inertia and noticeable low-frequency oscillations (LFOs) in the rotor speed of synchronous generators. In this paper, we propose effective damping of LFOs by incorporating a supplementary damping controller with a photovoltaic (PV) generating station, where the parameters of this controller are coordinated optimally with those of a power system stabilizer (PSS). The proposed method is applied to damp local electromechanical modes by studying a system comprising a synchronous generator and a PV station connected to an infinite bus. The PV station is modeled following the instructions of the Western Electricity Coordinating Council. The problem is modeled as an optimization problem, where the damping ratio of the electromechanical modes is designed as the objective function. Constraints including upper and lower limits of decision parameters and damping ratio of other modes are considered by imposing penalties on the objective function. Different optimization algorithms are used to pursue the optimal design, such as political, improved gray wolves and equilibrium optimizers. The results validate the effectiveness of the proposed controller with PSS in damping local modes of oscillations.

关键词： Low frequency oscillations Damping controller PV WECC

Causes of 2022 summer marine heatwave in the East China Seas

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第5期14卷 633-641页

作者： Hong-Jian TAN Rong-Shuo CAI Dong-Ping BAI Karim HILMI kareem TONBOL Third Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesXiamen 361005China National de Recherche Halieutique Casablanca 20100Morocco College of Maritime Transport and Technology Arab Academy for ScienceTechnology&Maritime TransportAlexandria 1209Egypt

Recent occurrences of marine heatwaves(MHWs)in coastal China seas have caused serious impacts on marine ecosystem services and ***,the underlying physical process,including local drivers and remote associations,remains poorly understood,thereby hindering accurate *** this study,we reported an extreme MHW event in the East China Seas(ECSs,including the Bohai,Yellow,and East China Sea),lasting for 75 d with a maximum intensity of 1.96℃relative to 1982-2011 during the summer *** ECSs MHW event was triggered by a combination of anomalous atmospheric and oceanic conditions,including enhanced insolation,weakened surface wind speed,suppressed latent heat loss from ocean,a shallower mixed layer,and upper ocean current ***-layer temperature budget diagnosis suggested that changes in the ECSs temperature were dominated by the surface net heat flux,largely due to strong shortwave radiation flux,during the development and decay of the MHW *** advection also created favorable conditions for the maintenance of the *** physical drivers were further regulated by the westward expanded and intensified western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH),potentially linked to the negative phase of Indian Ocean Dipole(IOD).Despite the three years(2020-2022)consecutive La Niña events,the ECSs summer MHWs appeared to be more closely linked to negative IOD events,with a lagging period of 1-3 *** seasonal precursor signals of the negative IOD have the potential to affect local physical drivers of ECSs MHWs through regulating the strength and position of WPSH,thus serving as a promising predictor for the ECSs *** future likelihood and intensity of the ECSs MHWs are projected to increase substantially in the coming decades,largely due to broad-scale warming attributed to anthropogenic climate ***,there is an urgent need to develop MHW forecasting and early warning systems,and robust approaches to address climat

关键词： Marine heatwaves East China Seas Indian ocean dipole Western Pacific subtropical high

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:A comprehensive review of a growing epidemic

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第34期20卷 12082-12101页

作者： kareem Hassan Varun Bhalla Mohammed Ezz El Regal H Hesham A-Kader Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of PediatricsThe University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724United States

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is quickly becoming one of the most prominent causes of liver disease *** increasing incidence of NAFLD is tied to the obesity epidemic and the subsequent metabolic derangements brought along with *** efforts to elucidate the mechanism and causes of the disease have answered some questions,but much remains unknown about *** aim of this article is to discuss the current knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of the disease,as well as the current and future diagnostic,preventative,and therapeutic options available to clinicians for the management of NAFLD.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Steatohepatitis Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Pathogenesis Treatments Diagnosis Management Metformin Vitamin E Thiazolidinedione Imaging Prevalence