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Development and validation of multicentre study on novel Artificial Intelligence-based Cardiovascular Risk Score(AICVD)

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S1期12卷 20-33页

作者： Shiv Kumar Jalepalli Prashant Gupta Andre l A J Dekker Inigo Bermejo Sujoy kar Apollo Hospitals HyderabadTelanganaIndia Azure Microsoft Research IndiaBengaluruIndia Department of Radiation Oncology(Maastro) Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtNetherlands

Objective Cardiovascular diseases(CVD)are one of the most prevalent diseases in India amounting for nearly 30%of total deaths.A dearth of research on CVD risk scores in Indian population,limited performance of conventional risk scores and inability to reproduce the initial accuracies in randomised clinical trials has led to this study on large-scale patient *** objective is to develop an Artificial Intelligence-based Risk Score(AICVD)to predict CVD event(eg,acute myocardial infarction/acute coronary syndrome)in the next 10 years and compare the model with the Framingham Heart Risk Score(FHRS)and *** Our study included 31599 participants aged 18–91 years from 2009 to 2018 in six Apollo Hospitals in India.A multistep risk factors selection process using Spearman correlation coefficient and propensity score matching yielded 21 risk factors.A deep learning hazards model was built on risk factors to predict event occurrence(classification)and time to event(hazards model)using multilayered neural ***,the model was validated with independent retrospective cohorts of participants from India and the Netherlands and compared with FHRS and *** The deep learning hazards model had a good performance(area under the curve(AUC)0.853).Validation and comparative results showed AUCs between 0.84 and 0.92 with better positive likelihood ratio(AICVD−6.16 to FHRS−2.24 and QRisk3−1.16)and accuracy(AICVD−80.15%to FHRS 59.71%and QRisk351.57%).In the Netherlands cohort,AICVD also outperformed the Framingham Heart Risk Model(AUC−0.737 vs 0.707).Conclusions This study concludes that the novel AI-based CVD Risk Score has a higher predictive performance for cardiac events than conventional risk scores in Indian population.

关键词： AICVD Cardiovascular acute

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探本溯源——夏含夷《〈周易〉的起源与早期演变》英文版导读

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国际儒学（中英文） 2024年第1期4卷 160-170,189,190页

作者：王嘉宝北京师范大学—香港浸会大学联合国际学院通识教育学院珠海519087

《〈周易〉的起源与早期演变》展示了夏含夷四十年来治易的成果,此书可谓英文学界《周易》古经研究中的里程碑著作。在内容上,此书结合出土材料与传世文献,系统地考辨公元前800—前500年《周易》的起源及其演变。在方法上,夏含夷持有严... 详细信息

《〈周易〉的起源与早期演变》展示了夏含夷四十年来治易的成果,此书可谓英文学界《周易》古经研究中的里程碑著作。在内容上,此书结合出土材料与传世文献,系统地考辨公元前800—前500年《周易》的起源及其演变。在方法上,夏含夷持有严格的经传分观,以《周易》为筮占之书,以《易经》及易学著作为以传释经的哲理智慧之书。此书强调《周易》文本的形成只有放回到“筮占情境”当中,方可探求文本的本来意涵。夏含夷始终从“筮占情境”出发,对《周易》文本形成的诸种细节进行剖析,反对由哲学路径解读《周易》。

关键词：夏含夷卜筮《〈周易〉的起源与早期演变》

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Physiological differences in the growth and maturation of Eisenia bicyclis and Ecklonia cava gametophytes in Korea

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Journal of Oceanology and limnology 2019年第2期37卷 657-664页

作者： Han Gil CHOI Da vine JEON Seo Kyoung PARK GAO Xu Faculty of Biological Science and Sea & Biotech Wonkwang University

The objective of this study was to examine the eff ects of temperature and light intensity on growth of female gametophytes of Eisenia bicyclis and Ecklonia cava and responses of these female gametophytes to Fe addition and daylength. Female gametophytes of each species were cultured at four temperatures (10, 15, 20, and 25°C) and under a combination of four light intensities (10, 20, 40, and 80 μmol photons/(m^2 ·s)) with two temperatures (15 and 20°C for E i . bicyclis;20 and 25°C for E c . cava ) to clarify their optimal growth conditions. Growth and maturation of female gametophytes of these two species under a combination of five Fe-EDTA concentrations (0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 μmol/l) and three daylengths (10, 12, and 14 h) were also examined. The growth of E i . bicyclis gametophyte was maximal at approximately 15–20°C, 20 μmol photons/(m^2 ·s), Fe-EDTA concentration of 8 μmol/l and daylengths of 12–14 h. While E c . c ava gametophytes showed optimal growth at approximately 20–25°C, 20 μmol photons/(m^2 ·s), Fe- EDTA concentration of 8 μmol/l and daylength of 14 h. Maturation of gametophytes was enhanced at Fe-EDTA concentration of 4 μmol/l for E i . bicyclis and at 2 μmol/l for E c . c ava . In conclusion, optimal growth temperatures and Fe-EDTA concentrations for maturation of E i . bicyclis and E c . c ava gametophytes were diff erent. Higher optimal growth temperature for E c . c ava gametophytes may contribute to its wider geographical distribution compared to E i . bicyclis which has restricted habitats in Korea. This suggests that addition of Fe ion could be used to recover beds of these two species in barren grounds of Korea.

关键词： Ecklonia cava Eisenia bicyclis gametophyte growth maturation

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AAV8 transduction capacity is reduced by prior exposure to endosome-like pH conditions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第5期16卷 851-855页

作者： Jeffrey Alowell kar.Men Mah John lBixby Vance Plemmon Miami Project to Cure Paralysis University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Department of Neurological Surgery University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA

Adeno-associated virus(AAV)is an essential instrument in the neuroscientist’s toolkit,which allows delivery of DNA to provide labeling with fluorescent proteins or genetic instructions to regulate gene *** the field of neural regeneration,the transduction of neurons enables the observation and regulation of axon growth and regeneration,and in the future will likely be a mechanism for delivering molecular therapies to promote sprouting and regeneration after central nervous system *** formulations of AAV preparations permit efficient viral transduction under physiologic conditions,but an improved understanding of the mechanistic limitations of AAV transduction may facilitate production of more resilient AAV strains for investigative and therapeutic *** studied AAV transduction in the context of prior exposure of AAV serotype 8(AAV8)to environmental pH within the range encountered during endosomal endocytosis(pH 7.4 to pH 4.4),during which low pH-triggered structural and autoproteolytic changes to the viral capsid are believed to be necessary for endosome escape and virus *** to the fundamental nature of these processes,we hypothesized that premature exposure of AAV8 particles to acidic pH would decrease viral transduction of HT1080 cells in vitro,as measured by fluorescent reporter gene expression using high-content imaging *** found that increasingly acidic incubation conditions were associated with concomitant reductions in transduction efficiency,and that quantitative levels of reporter gene expression in transduced cells were similarly *** biggest decrease in transduction occurred between pH 7.4 and pH 6.4,suggesting the possible co-occurrence of a pH-associated event and viral inactivation within that *** together,these findings indicate that exposure of AAV8 to acidic pH for as little as 1 hour is deleterious to transduction *** studies are necessary to understand the pH-associated

关键词： adeno-associated virus autolytic capsid low pH protease proteolytic temperature trafficking transduction viral inactivation

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Mental health promotion for elderly populations in World Health Organization South-East Asia Region:Needs and resource gaps

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第1期12卷 117-127页

作者： Nisha Mani Pandey Rakesh Kumar Tripathi Sujita Kumar kar.K l Vidya Nitika Singh Department of Geriatric Mental Health King George's Medical UniversityLucknow 226003Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Psychiatry King George's Medical UniversityLucknow 226003Uttar PradeshIndia

The accelerated population growth of the elderly(individuals aged 60 years or more)across the globe has many indications,including changes in demography,health,the psycho-social milieu,and economic *** transition has given rise to varied challenges;significant changes have been observed in regard to developing strategies for health care systems across the *** World Health Organization(WHO)is also engaging in initiatives and mediating ***,advocacy is being conducted regarding a shift toward the salutogenic model from the pathogenic *** concept behind this move was to shift from disablement to enablement and from illness to wellness,with the notion of mental health promotion(MHP)being *** article attempts to discuss the MHP of elderly individuals,with special reference to the need to disseminate knowledge and awareness in the community by utilizing the resources of the health sector available in the WHO South-East Asia Region *** have tried to present the current knowledge gap by exploring the existing infrastructure,human resources,and financial *** is much to do to promote the mental health of the elderly,but inadequate facilities are *** on available resources,a roadmap for MHP in elderly individuals is discussed.

关键词： Mental health promotion Elderly Mental healthcare needs Resource gaps World health organization

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Surface-tailoring chlorine resistant materials and strategies for polyamide thin film composite reverse osmosis membranes

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022年第5期16卷 564-591页

作者： Pei Sean Goh kar.Chun Wong Tuck Whye Wong Ahmad Fauzi Ismail Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre(AMTEC) School of Chemical and Energy EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 Johor BahruMalaysia

Polyamide thin film composite membranes have dominated current reverse osmosis market on account of their excellent separation performances compared to the integrally skinned *** their very promising separation performance,chlorine-induced degradation resulted from the susceptibility of polyamide toward chlorine attack has been regarded as the Achilles’s heel of polyamide thin film *** free chlorine species present during chlorine treatment can impair membrane performance through chlorination and depolymerization of the polyamide selective *** material point of view,a chemically stable membrane is crucial for the sustainable application of membrane separation process as it warrants a longer membrane lifespan and reduces the cost involved in membrane *** strategies,particularly those involved membrane material optimization and surface modifications,have been established to address this *** review discusses membrane degradation by free chlorine attack and its correlation with the surface chemistry of *** advancement in the development of chlorine resistant polyamide thin film composite membranes is reviewed based on the state-of-the-art surface modifications and tailoring approaches which include the in situ and postfabrication membrane modifications using a broad range of functional *** challenges and future directions in this field are also highlighted.

关键词： reverse osmosis polyamide thin film composite membranes chlorine resistance surface modification

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Cryopreservation for delayed circulating tumor cell isolation is a valid strategy for prognostic association of circulating tumor cells in gastroesophageal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第7期24卷 810-818页

作者： Daniel Brungs David lynch Alison WS luk Elahe Minaei Marie Ranson Morteza Aghmesheh kar. l vine Martin Carolan Mouhannad Jaber Paul de Souza Therese M Becker Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute University of WollongongWollongong 2500Australia School of Biological Sciences University of WollongongWollongong 2500Australia Illawarra Cancer Centre Wollongong HospitalWollongong 2500Australia CONCERT-Translational Cancer Research Centre New South Wales 2000Australia Centre for Circulating Tumor Cell Diagnostics and Research Ingham Institute for Applied Medical ResearchLiverpool HospitalSydney 2170Australia School of Medicine University of Western SydneySydney 2170Australia South Western Medical School University of New South WalesSydney 2170Australia

AIM To demonstrate the feasibility of cryopreservation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) for prognostic circulating tumor cell(CTC) detection in gastroesophageal *** Using 7.5 m l blood samples collected in EDTA tubes from patients with gastroesopheagal adenocarcinoma, CTCs were isolated by epithelial cell adhesion molecule based immunomagnetic capture using the Iso Flux platform. Paired specimens taken during the same blood draw(n = 15) were used to compare number of CTCs isolated from fresh and cryopreserved PBMCs. Blood samples were processed within 24 h to recover the PBMC fraction, with PBMCs used for fresh analysis immediately processed for CTC isolation. Cryopreservation of PBMCs lasted from 2 wk to 25.2 mo(median 14.6 mo). CTCs isolated from pre-treatment cryopreserved PBMCs(n = 43) were examined for associations with clinicopathological variables and survival *** While there was a significant trend to a decrease in CTC numbers associated with cryopreserved specimens(mean number of CTCs 34.4 vs 51.5, P = 0.04), this was predominately in samples with a total CTC count of > 50, with low CTC count samples less affected(P = 0.06). There was no significant association between the duration of cryopreservation and number of CTCs. In cryopreserved PBMCs from patient samples prior to treatment, a high CTC count(> 17) was associated with poorer overall survival(OS)(n = 43, HR = 4.4, 95%CI: 1.7-11.7, P = 0.0013). In multivariate analysis, after controlling for sex, age, stage, ECOG performance status, and primary tumor location, a high CTC count remained significantly associated with a poorer OS(HR = 3.7, 95%CI: 1.2-12.4, P = 0.03). CONClUSION PBMC cryopreservation for delayed CTC isolation is a valid strategy to assist with sample collection, transporting and processing.

关键词： Cryopreservation Circulating tumor cells liquid biopsy Gastroesophageal cancer Gastric cancer

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Gallbladder polyp as a manifestation of hemobilia caused by arterial-portal fistula after percutaneous liver biopsy: A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第2期11卷 305-307页

作者： Chih-lang lin Tsung-Shih lee kar.Wai lui Cho-li Yen Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineChang-Gung Memorial Hospital and UniversityKeelungTaiwanChina

Outpatient percutaneous liver biopsy is a common practice in the differential diagnosis and treatment of chronic liver disease. The major complication and mortality rate were about 2-4% and 0.01-0.33% respectively. Arterio-portal fistula as a complication of percutaneous liver biopsy was infrequently seen and normally asymptomatic. Hemobilia, which accounted for about 3% of overall major percutaneous liver biopsy complications, resulted rarely from arterio-portal fistula We report a hemobilia case of 68 years old woman who was admitted for abdominal pain after liver biopsy. The initial ultrasonography revealed a gallbladder polypoid tumor and common bile duct (CBD) dilatation. Blood clot was extracted as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) showed hemobilia. The patient was shortly readmitted because of recurrence of symptoms. A celiac angiography showed an intrahepatic arterio-portal fistula. After superselective embolization of the feeding artery, the patient was discharged uneventfully. Most cases of hemobilia caused by percutaneous liver biopsy resolved spontaneously. Selective angiography embolization or surgical intervention is reserved for patients who failed to respond to conservative treatment.

关键词： Gallbladder polyp Hemobilia Arterial-portal fistula Percutaneous liver biopsy

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Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in subjects over age of forty years and response of a booster dose among nonresponders

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2003年第5期9卷 1132-1134页

作者： Kunal Das R.K.Gupta V.Kumar P.kar Department of Medicine Maulana Azad Medical College & L.N.HospitalNew Delhi.Medical AdvisorPanacea Biotec Co.New Delhi

AIM:The study was initiated to evaluate the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of a recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in age group >40 years and to study the response of a single booster dose in primary non-responders to the hepatitis B vaccination. METHODS:A total of 102 volunteers without markers of hepatitis B infection (negative for HBsAg,anti-HBc antibody, HBeAg and anti-HBs antibody) received 20μg of recombinant HB vaccine intramuscularly at 0,1,and 6 *** HBs titers were evaluated by a quantitative Elisa kit at 90 and 210 days.A booster dose of 20μg HB vaccine was given after 6 months of the 3^(rd) vaccine dose to the 15 non- responders and anti-HBs titers were measured after i month. RESUlTS:Seroprotection (anti-HBs GMT^3 10 IU/l) was achieved in 85.3 % (87/102) *** mean GMT titers of the vaccine responders was 136.1 IU/*** the seroprotected individuals,there were 32.4% (33/102) hyporesponders (anti- HBs titers l) and 52.9% (54/102) were responders (anti-HBs titers >100 IU/l).All the non-responders (15/15) responded to a single dose of the booster dose of recombinant HB vaccine and their mean anti-HBs antibody titers were more than 100.5 mIU/ml after the booster dose. CONClUSION:Recombinant hepatitis B vaccine offers good seroprotection in the age group >40 years and has a good safety profile.A single booster dose after 6 months in primary non-responders leads to good seroprotective anti-HBs antibody ***,larger population based studies are needed to evaluate the role of a booster dose in selected group of non-responders and whether such an approach will be cost effective.

关键词： Adult Age Factors Aged Female Hepatitis B Antibodies Hepatitis B Vaccines dosage Humans Immunization, Secondary Male Middle Aged Safety Vaccines, Synthetic

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Relationships between sagittal otolith size and body size of Terapon jarbua (Teleostei, Terapontidae) in Malaysian waters

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Journal of Oceanology and limnology 2021年第1期39卷 372-381页

作者： Shyama Sundari Devi CHANTHRAN Phaik Eem lIM Sze-Wan POONG Jianguo DU kar.Hoe lOH Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences University of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Institute for Advanced Studies University of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Third Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesXiamen 361005China Fujian Provincial Station for Field Observation and Research of Island and Coastal Zone in Zhangzhou Xiamen 361005China Fujian Provincial Key laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration Xiamen 361005China

length-weight relationship provides basic information of a fi sh’s condition while the morphometric data of otolith has been traditionally used to determine the range of fi sh sizes for various *** length-weight relationship of Terapon jarbua(Forskål,1775)was examined from 165 specimens,while 132 specimens were used in sagittal otolith biometry *** specimens were obtained from various locations in Malaysia including Pahang,Selangor,Sarawak,and *** total length of fi sh ranged 12.5–32.5 cm,while the total weight ranged 26.28–444.30 *** otolith length ranged 0.423–1.070 cm,and the otolith weight was 0.0103–0.1572 *** specimens displayed a mixture of positive and negative allometry growth as indicated by fl uctuating b values between 2.74 and *** overall coeffi cient of determination(R 2)between fi sh length and weight was 0.9729,which implies a strong *** regressions between the fi sh length and otolith dimensions were highly signifi cant(Plith dimensions found to be most closely related to the fi sh total length was the otolith *** was supported by the regression model showing a high R 2 value of 86.57%.The aspect ratio of otolith was 1.80±0.14(mean±SD).Results confi rm that the otolith growth refl ects the somatic growth of *** length-weight relationship explained the growth conditions of the fi shes in each location while the overall b value of 2.91 indicates that the condition of *** grown in Malaysian waters during the study period was generally in good *** study contributed to the database on the morphometric data of otolith of *** as well as the fi rst report on fi sh length-weight relationship for *** in Malaysia.

关键词： aspect ratio otolith length-weight relationship grunter

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